Advancements in Triboelectric Nanogenerators (TENGs) for Intelligent Transportation Infrastructure: Enhancing Bridges, Highways, and Tunnels.

The development of triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) over time has resulted in considerable improvements to the efficiency, effectiveness, and sensitivity of self-powered sensing. Triboelectric nanogenerators have low restriction and high sensitivity while also having high efficiency. The vast majority of previous research has found that accidents on the road can be attributed to road conditions. For instance, extreme weather conditions, such as heavy winds or rain, can reduce the safety of the roads, while excessive temperatures might make it unpleasant to be behind the wheel. Air pollution also has a negative impact on visibility while driving. As a result, sensing road surroundings is the most important technical system that is used to evaluate a vehicle and make decisions. This paper discusses both monitoring driving behavior and self-powered sensors influenced by triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs). It also considers energy harvesting and sustainability in smart road environments such as bridges, tunnels, and highways. Furthermore, the information gathered in this study can help readers enhance their knowledge concerning the advantages of employing these technologies for innovative uses of their powers.

Recycling facemasks into civil construction material to manage waste generated during COVID-19.

Growing plastic pollution in the context of COVID-19 has caused significant challenges, exacerbating this already out-of-control issue. The pandemic has considerably boosted the demand for personal protective equipment (PPE), such as facemasks and gloves, all over the globe, and mismanaging this growing plastic pollution has harmed the environment and wildlife significantly. To mitigate negative environmental impacts, it is necessary to develop and implement effective waste management strategies. This present study estimated the daily facemask generation throughout the pandemic in Iran based on the distribution of urban and rural populations and, likewise, the daily generation of hand gloves in the COVID-19 era and the amount of medical waste generated by COVID-19 patients were calculated. In the next step, the quantities of discarded facemasks dumped into the Caspian Sea, the Persian Gulf, and the Gulf of Oman from the coastal cities were determined. Finally, the innovative alternatives for repurposing discarded facemasks in civil construction materials such as concrete, pavement, and partition wall panel were discussed.

Skin-Contact Triboelectric Nanogenerator for Energy Harvesting and Motion Sensing: Principles, Challenges, and Perspectives.

Energy harvesting has become an increasingly important field of research as the demand for portable and wearable devices continues to grow. Skin-contact triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) technology has emerged as a promising solution for energy harvesting and motion sensing. This review paper provides a detailed overview of skin-contact TENG technology, covering its principles, challenges, and perspectives. The introduction begins by defining skin-contact TENG and explaining the importance of energy harvesting and motion sensing. The principles of skin-contact TENG are explored, including the triboelectric effect and the materials used for energy harvesting. The working mechanism of skin-contact TENG is also discussed. This study then moves onto the applications of skin-contact TENG, focusing on energy harvesting for wearable devices and motion sensing for healthcare monitoring. Furthermore, the integration of skin-contact TENG technology with other technologies is discussed to highlight its versatility. The challenges in skin-contact TENG technology are then highlighted, which include sensitivity to environmental factors, such as humidity and temperature, biocompatibility and safety concerns, and durability and reliability issues. This section of the paper provides a comprehensive evaluation of the technological limitations that must be considered when designing skin-contact TENGs. In the Perspectives and Future Directions section, this review paper highlights various advancements in materials and design, as well as the potential for commercialization. Additionally, the potential impact of skin-contact TENG technology on the energy and healthcare industries is discussed.

Recent Advances in Self-Powered Wearable Sensors Based on Piezoelectric and Triboelectric Nanogenerators.

Early clinical diagnosis and treatment of disease rely heavily on measuring the many various types of medical information that are scattered throughout the body. Continuous and accurate monitoring of the human body is required in order to identify abnormal medical signals and to locate the factors that contribute to their occurrence in a timely manner. In order to fulfill this requirement, a variety of battery-free and self-powered methods of information collecting have been developed. For the purpose of a health monitoring system, this paper presents smart wearable sensors that are based on triboelectric nanogenerators (TENG) and piezoelectric nanogenerators (PENG), as well as hybrid nanogenerators that combine piezoelectric and triboelectric nanogenerators (PTNG). Following the presentation of the PENG and TENG principles, a summary and discussion of the most current developments in self-powered medical information sensors with a variety of purposes, structural designs, and electric performances follows. Wearable sensors that generate their own electricity are crucial not only for the proper development of children and patients with unique conditions, but for the purpose of maintaining checks on the wellbeing of the elderly and those who have recently recovered from illness, and for administering any necessary medical care. This work sought to do two things at once: provide perspectives for health monitoring, and open up new avenues for the analysis of long-distance biological movement status.

Recent Progress of Triboelectric Nanogenerators for Biomedical Sensors: From Design to Application.

Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENG) have gained prominence in recent years, and their structural design is crucial for improvement of energy harvesting performance and sensing. Wearable biosensors can receive information about human health without the need for external charging, with energy instead provided by collection and storage modules that can be integrated into the biosensors. However, the failure to design suitable components for sensing remains a significant challenge associated with biomedical sensors. Therefore, design of TENG structures based on the human body is a considerable challenge, as biomedical sensors, such as implantable and wearable self-powered sensors, have recently advanced. Following a brief introduction of the fundamentals of triboelectric nanogenerators, we describe implantable and wearable self-powered sensors powered by triboelectric nanogenerators. Moreover, we examine the constraints limiting the practical uses of self-powered devices.