Prevalence of Chlamydia pneumoniae and Mycoplasma pneumoniae in different forms of coronary disease.

BACKGROUND: Several infectious agents have been investigated since the association between atherosclerosis and infection was demonstrated; however, the results of these studies are contradictory. OBJECTIVE: To test the association between serum titers of anti-Chlamydia and anti-Mycoplasma antibodies in different forms of acute coronary syndromes (ACS). METHODS: One hundred and twenty-six patients were divided in 4 groups: ACS with ST-segment elevation (32 patients), ACS without ST-segment elevation (30 patients), chronic coronary artery disease (30 patients) and blood donors without known coronary disease (34 patients--control group). In the two first groups, serum samples were collected at hospital admission (first 24 hours of hospitalization) and after a 6-month follow-up. In the other two groups, only a basal sample was collected. Anti-Chlamydia and anti-Mycoplasma antibodies were measured by indirect immunofluorescence in all samples. RESULTS: Significant differences were observed between the basal sample and the one measured after a 6-month follow-up in patients with myocardial infarction with ST-segment elevation for Chlamydia (650+/-115.7 versus 307+/-47.5, p=0.0001) as well as Mycoplasma (36.5+/-5.0 versus 21.5+/-3.5, p=0.0004). The groups with ACS had higher anti-Chlamydia and anti-Mycoplasma serum antibody levels in the basal measurement, when compared to the patients with chronic coronary disease and the control group, but the differences were not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: The present study showed an association between the serum titers of anti-Chlamydia and anti-Mycoplasma antibodies in the acute phase of patients with unstable angina or myocardial infarction.

Prevalência de Chlamydia Pneumoniae e Mycoplasma Pneumoniae em diferentes formas da doença coronariana / Prevalencia de Chlamydia Pneumoniae y Mycoplasma Pneumoniae en diferentes formas de la enfermedad coronaria / Prevalence of Chlamydia Pneumoniae and Mycoplasma Pneumoniae in different forms of coronary disease

FUNDAMENTO: Vários agentes infecciosos foram investigados desde que se demonstrou a associação entre infecção e aterosclerose, porém os resultados desses estudos são conflitantes. OBJETIVO: Testar a associação entre títulos séricos de anticorpos anti-Chlamydia e anti-Mycoplasma em diferentes formas de síndromes coronarianas agudas (SCA). MÉTODOS: Cento e vinte e seis pacientes foram divididos em quatro grupos: SCA com elevação do segmento ST (32 pacientes), SCA sem elevação do segmento ST (30 pacientes), doença arterial coronariana crônica (30 pacientes) e doadores de sangue sem doença coronariana conhecida (34 pacientes - grupo-controle). Nos primeiros dois grupos, amostras de soro foram coletadas na admissão (primeiras 24 horas de hospitalização) e após 6 meses de seguimento. Nos outros dois grupos, colheu-se apenas uma amostra basal. Em todas as amostras, anticorpos IgG anti-Chlamydia e anti-Mycoplasma foram dosados por imunofluorescência indireta. RESULTADOS: Diferenças significativas foram observadas entre a medida basal e após 6 meses de seguimento nos pacientes com infarto do miocárdio com elevação do segmento ST, tanto para Chlamydia (650±115,7 vs. 307±47,5, p = 0,0001) quanto para Mycoplasma (36,5±5,0 vs. 21,5±3,5, p = 0,0004). Os grupos com SCA tiveram níveis séricos de anticorpos anti-Chlamydia e anti-Mycoplasma mais altos na dosagem basal, em relação aos pacientes com doença arterial coronariana crônica e grupo-controle, mas as diferenças obtidas não tiveram significância estatística. CONCLUSÃO: O presente estudo mostrou associação entre os títulos de anticorpos anti-Chlamydia e anti-Mycoplasma na fase aguda dos pacientes com angina instável ou infarto do miocárdio.

BACKGROUND: Several infectious agents have been investigated since the association between atherosclerosis and infection was demonstrated; however, the results of these studies are contradictory. OBJECTIVE: To test the association between serum titers of anti-Chlamydia and anti-Mycoplasma antibodies in different forms of acute coronary syndromes (ACS). METHODS: One hundred and twenty-six patients were divided in 4 groups: ACS with ST- segment elevation (32 patients), ACS without ST-segment elevation (30 patients), chronic coronary artery disease (30 patients) and blood donors without known coronary disease (34 patients - control group). In the two first groups, serum samples were collected at hospital admission (first 24 hours of hospitalization) and after a 6-month follow-up. In the other two groups, only a basal sample was collected. Anti-Chlamydia and anti-Mycoplasma antibodies were measured by indirect immunofluorescence in all samples. RESULTS: Significant differences were observed between the basal sample and the one measured after a 6-month follow-up in patients with myocardial infarction with ST-segment elevation for Chlamydia (650±115.7 versus 307±47.5, p=0.0001) as well as Mycoplasma (36.5±5.0 versus 21.5±3.5, p=0.0004). The groups with ACS had higher anti-Chlamydia and anti-Mycoplasma serum antibody levels in the basal measurement, when compared to the patients with chronic coronary disease and the control group, but the differences were not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: The present study showed an association between the serum titers of anti-Chlamydia and anti-Mycoplasma antibodies in the acute phase of patients with unstable angina or myocardial infarction.

FUNDAMENTO: Se han investigado diversos agentes infecciosos desde que se evidenció la asociación entre infección y aterosclerosis, sin embargo esos estudios ofrecen resultados conflictivos. OBJETIVO: Probar la asociación entre títulos séricos de anticuerpos anti-Chlamydia y anti-Mycoplasma en diferentes formas de síndromes coronarios agudos (SCA). MÉTODOS: Se dividieron a 126 pacientes en 4 grupos: SCA con elevación del segmento ST (32 pacientes), SCA sin elevación del segmento ST (30 pacientes), enfermedad arterial coronaria crónica (30 pacientes) y donadores de sangre sin enfermedad coronaria conocida (34 pacientes - grupo-control). En los primeros dos grupos, muestras de suero se colectaron al ingreso (primeras 24 horas de hospitalización) y tras 6 meses de seguimiento. En los otros dos grupos, se colectó solamente una muestra basal. En todas las muestras, se dosificaron anticuerpos IgG anti-Chlamydia y anti-Mycoplasma por inmunofluorescencia indirecta. RESULTADOS: Se observaron diferencias significativas entre la medida basal y tras 6 meses de seguimiento en los pacientes con infarto de miocardio con elevación del segmento ST, tanto para Chlamydia (650±115,7 vs 307±47,5, p = 0,0001) como para Mycoplasma (36,5±5,0 vs 21,5±3,5, p = 0,0004). Los grupos con SCA tuvieron niveles séricos de anticuerpos anti-Chlamydia y anti-Mycoplasma más altos en la dosificación basal, con relación a los pacientes con enfermedad arterial coronaria crónica y grupo-control, sin embargo las diferencias obtenidas no tuvieron significancia estadística. CONCLUSIÓN: El presente estudio reveló asociación entre los títulos de anticuerpos anti-Chlamydia y anti-Mycoplasma en la fase aguda de los pacientes con angina inestable o infarto de miocardio.

Trombose de prótese valvar cardíaca mecânica em gestante / Thrombosis of a mechanical cardiac valve prosthesis in a pregnant woman

Paciente de 25 anos gestante de 25 semanas, portadora de prótese valvares mecânicas do tipo Saint-Jude em posições mitral e aórtica, com quadro de edema agudo pulmonar por trombose da prótese mitral, tratada com terapia fibrinolítica com ativador do plasminogênio tecidual (rt-PA) com sucesso