RESUMO
Six healthy horses were examined by using transabdominal ultrasonography, as described (1-3), to evaluate activity and size of the large colon and cecum at various locations. Using size and number of sacculations, activity patterns and contractile frequency; significant differences that would allow ultrasonographic identification of dorsal versus ventral colons, if they were displaced, were not found. The cecum had significantly greater activity than the colon, and a trend was seen towards smaller sacculations in the cecum than in the large colon.
Assuntos
Ceco/diagnóstico por imagem , Colo/diagnóstico por imagem , Cavalos , Ultrassonografia/veterinária , Animais , Ceco/anatomia & histologia , Colo/anatomia & histologia , Feminino , Motilidade Gastrointestinal/fisiologia , Peristaltismo/fisiologiaRESUMO
Healthy adult horses were examined by using transabdominal ultrasonography to quantitatively and qualitatively evaluate activity of the jejunum, cecum, and colon with B mode and Doppler techniques. Doppler ultrasound was used to assess jejunal peristaltic activity. Examinations were performed on multiple occasions under imposed colic evaluation conditions, including fasting, nasogastric intubation, and xylazine sedation. In fasted horses, jejunal visibility was increased and jejunal, cecal, and colonic activity was decreased. The stomach was displaced ventrally and was visualized ventral to the costochondral junction. Xylazine sedation in fed horses had minimal effects; however, in fasted horses, xylazine significantly decreased jejunal and cecal activity. Nasogastric intubation in fasted horses had no observable effects on activity, but moved the stomach dorsally. B mode and Doppler jejunal activity were strongly correlated. Prior feeding and sedation status need to be considered when interpreting the results of equine abdominal ultrasound examinations. Doppler techniques may be useful for assessing jejunal activity.
Assuntos
Motilidade Gastrointestinal/fisiologia , Trato Gastrointestinal/diagnóstico por imagem , Cavalos/fisiologia , Ultrassonografia Doppler Dupla/veterinária , Animais , Ceco/diagnóstico por imagem , Ceco/fisiologia , Colo/diagnóstico por imagem , Colo/fisiologia , Feminino , Trato Gastrointestinal/fisiologia , Jejuno/diagnóstico por imagem , Jejuno/fisiologia , Masculino , Peristaltismo/fisiologia , Ultrassonografia Doppler Dupla/métodosAssuntos
Obstrução das Vias Respiratórias/veterinária , Doenças dos Cavalos/diagnóstico , Doença Cardiopulmonar/veterinária , Obstrução das Vias Respiratórias/complicações , Obstrução das Vias Respiratórias/diagnóstico , Animais , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Ecocardiografia/veterinária , Feminino , Doenças dos Cavalos/diagnóstico por imagem , Doenças dos Cavalos/patologia , Cavalos , Doença Cardiopulmonar/diagnóstico , Doença Cardiopulmonar/etiologia , RecidivaAssuntos
Doenças dos Bovinos/etiologia , Derrame Pericárdico/veterinária , Pericardite/veterinária , Animais , Bovinos , Doenças dos Bovinos/diagnóstico , Doenças dos Bovinos/terapia , Drenagem/veterinária , Feminino , Derrame Pericárdico/diagnóstico , Derrame Pericárdico/etiologia , Derrame Pericárdico/terapia , Pericardite/diagnóstico , Pericardite/etiologia , Pericardite/terapia , Prognóstico , Análise de Sobrevida , Resultado do TratamentoAssuntos
Aspergilose/veterinária , Aspergillus/isolamento & purificação , Doenças dos Cavalos/diagnóstico , Traqueia/microbiologia , Animais , Aspergilose/diagnóstico , Aspergilose/patologia , Dispneia/etiologia , Dispneia/veterinária , Eutanásia Animal , Feminino , Doenças dos Cavalos/microbiologia , Doenças dos Cavalos/patologia , Cavalos , Radiografia Torácica/veterináriaRESUMO
Almost all equine cardiac diseases may affect the geriatric horse. This article focuses on those cardiac diseases that are most common in the older horse, including degenerative valve disease, aortocardiac fistula, and congestive heart failure. Other cardiac diseases, such as bacterial endocarditis, pericarditis, and arrhythmias, are seen in all age groups of horses and are beyond the scope of this article.