RESUMO
We used cytogenetic analysis in the studies of the biological effects of a radiation factor of natural and artificial origin (under conditions ofthe 30-km exclusion zone ofthe Chernobyl experimental landfills in Ukraine, Belarus and Russia). The studies have been performed on various types of mammals: domestic animals--cows, pigs, horses and rodents--root voles, the Af mouse line, and yellow necked field mouse, bank voles. We found significant changes in the level of MN and chromosomal aberrations in the animals that were exposed to the conditions of chronic low-dose radiation for a long time (bothin the habitat and upon exposure in the Chernobyl zone) regardless of the type of animal and nature of contamination.
Assuntos
Acidente Nuclear de Chernobyl , Aberrações Cromossômicas/efeitos da radiação , Mutagênese/genética , Doses de Radiação , Animais , Arvicolinae/genética , Relação Dose-Resposta à Radiação , Cavalos/genética , Camundongos , Mutagênese/efeitos da radiação , República de Belarus , Federação Russa , Suínos/genética , UcrâniaRESUMO
The state of hematopoietic, reproductive and endocrine systems of the organisms of male rats and their offspring in generations (F0-F1-F2) was studied, and the sensitivity of an organism to the action of carcinogen (Af mice) after a stay in the ChNPP exclusion zone was analyzed. It was ascertained that the most significant changes of the morphofunctional state of the animals were observed in the II generation (F2), which remained for a long period under the conditions of radioactive contamination. We have revealed an increased number of leukocytes, neutrophils, lymphocytes, and, especially, monocytes as against while the decrease in the number of erythrocytes and haemoglobin content; the decrease of thyroid function and cortical layer of the adrenals as opposed to while the increase in the relative weight of testes and their epididymides and the decrease in the number of spermatocytes and spermatozoa in the testis tissue. The exposure of Af mice in the exclusion zone increases the processes of mutagenesis and carcinogenesis, and changes the organism response to standardized action of chemical carcinogen. The increase in the exposure time of animals intensifies metabolic processes in a cell and increases their sensitivity to the action of xenobiotics.
Assuntos
Carcinoma de Ehrlich/etiologia , Acidente Nuclear de Chernobyl , Cocarcinogênese , Neoplasias Induzidas por Radiação/etiologia , Efeitos Tardios da Exposição Pré-Natal/sangue , Lesões Experimentais por Radiação/sangue , Animais , Contagem de Células Sanguíneas , Cálcio/sangue , Relação Dose-Resposta à Radiação , Sistema Endócrino/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Sistema Endócrino/efeitos da radiação , Eritrócitos/efeitos da radiação , Feminino , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos , Micronúcleos com Defeito Cromossômico/efeitos da radiação , Tamanho do Órgão/efeitos da radiação , Fósforo/sangue , Gravidez , Efeitos Tardios da Exposição Pré-Natal/genética , Efeitos Tardios da Exposição Pré-Natal/patologia , Lesões Experimentais por Radiação/genética , Lesões Experimentais por Radiação/patologia , Ratos , Reprodução/efeitos da radiação , Glândulas Seminais/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Glândulas Seminais/efeitos da radiação , Análise de Sobrevida , Testículo/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Testículo/efeitos da radiaçãoRESUMO
The cycle of researches of the influence of an exposion of mice of line Af in the conditions of the zone of Chernobyl disaster on spontaneous and chemically induced mutability, lung tumour (adenomas), morphological and functional condition of alveolar macrophages, and also genetic effects in natural populations wild rodents is executed. The increase in polychromatic frequency in mouse bone marrow, adenomas in lungs, and change of sensitivity of an organism to action mutagen and transgenerational transfer of genetic damages is shown.