Assuntos
Carcinoma de Célula de Merkel/patologia , Neoplasias Palpebrais/patologia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/patologia , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Carcinoma de Célula de Merkel/radioterapia , Carcinoma de Célula de Merkel/cirurgia , Neoplasias Palpebrais/radioterapia , Neoplasias Palpebrais/cirurgia , Humanos , Masculino , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Oftalmológicos , Neoplasias Cutâneas/radioterapia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/cirurgiaAssuntos
Neoplasias Palpebrais/patologia , Neoplasias Primárias Múltiplas , Nevo Pigmentado/patologia , Papiloma/patologia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/patologia , Biópsia , Criança , Neoplasias Palpebrais/cirurgia , Humanos , Masculino , Melanócitos/patologia , Nevo Pigmentado/cirurgia , Papiloma/cirurgia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/cirurgiaRESUMO
Mercury is a very toxic element that is widely spread in the atmosphere, lithosphere, and surface water. Concentrated mercury poses serious problems to human health, as bioaccumulation of mercury within the brain and kidneys ultimately leads to neurological diseases. To control mercury pollution and reduce mercury damage to human health, sensitive determination of mercury is important. This article summarizes some current sensors for the determination of both abiotic and biotic mercury. A wide array of sensors for monitoring mercury is described, including biosensors and chemical sensors, while piezoelectric and microcantilever sensors are also described. Additionally, newly developed nanomaterials offer great potential for fabricating novel mercury sensors. Some of the functional fluorescent nanosensors for the determination of mercury are covered. Afterwards, the in vivo determination of mercury and the characterization of different forms of mercury are discussed. Finally, the future direction for mercury detection is outlined, suggesting that nanomaterials may provide revolutionary tools in biomedical and environmental monitoring of mercury.
RESUMO
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To compare treatment of exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD) with bevacizumab versus aflibercept in terms of central retinal thickness (CRT) and best corrected visual acuity (BCVA). PATIENTS AND METHODS: A retrospective cohort study examining changes in CRT and BCVA over 12 months of follow-up in 111 patients treated with bevacizumab and 91 treated with aflibercept for exudative AMD. RESULTS: Treatment with bevacizumab and aflibercept reduced CRT from baseline to 12 months. Aflibercept significantly reduced the mean change from baseline CRT at 12 months compared to bevacizumab. However, mean CRT at 12 months was not significantly different after aflibercept versus bevacizumab (271.6 ± 74.0 µm vs 257.9 ± 48.5 µm). BCVA was significantly better at 6 months in the aflibercept group. At baseline, 18.5% of bevacizumab and 26.4% of aflibercept patients had BCVA better than 20/40. At 12 months, 34.8% of bevacizumab and 38.9% of aflibercept patients had BCVA better than 20/40. CONCLUSION: CRT decreased and BCVA improved after treatment with bevacizumab and aflibercept for exudative AMD.