Unusual liver tumors: spectrum of imaging findings with pathologic correlation.

The liver is a common location for both primary and secondary cancers of the abdomen. Radiologists become familiar with the typical imaging features of common benign and malignant liver tumors; however, many types of liver tumors are encountered infrequently. Due to the rarity of these lesions, their typical imaging patterns may not be easily recognized, meaning their underlying pathologic features may not be discovered or suggested until an invasive biopsy is performed. In this review article, we discuss multiple hepatic neoplasms that are both unusual and rare. Some have typical imaging patterns, whereas others are non-specific and can only be included in the differential diagnosis. The clinical history and serologic findings are often critical in suggesting these entities; therefore, these are also discussed to familiarize the radiologist with the appropriate clinical setting of each. The article includes an image-rich description of each entity with accompanying figures describing the ultrasonography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging features of each disease process. Novel therapies and prognosis of several of the diseases are also included in the discussion.

Tumor-like conditions that mimic liver tumors.

Non-neoplastic tumor-like conditions of the liver can appear similar to hepatic neoplasms. In many cases, a biopsy is required to confirm the pathology. However, several tumor-like conditions can be correctly diagnosed or suggested prospectively, thus saving patients from unnecessary anxiety and expense. In this image-focused review, we present the ultrasound, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and positron emission tomography scan features of eight such entities. Clues that indicate the correct pathology are discussed, and the usual clinical setting is described. Many of these lesions are treated differently from true neoplasms, and the current treatment plan is discussed in many of the cases presented. After reviewing this article, the reader will have a better understanding of these lesions and the situations in which they should be included in the differential diagnosis.