Assessment of the Inhibitory Efficacy of a Thiazole Derivative as an Efficient Corrosion Inhibitor for Augmenting the Resistance of MS in Acidic Environments.

Numerous thiazole compounds have been developed as cutting-edge inhibitors because of a rising fascination with using corrosion inhibitors (CIs) and preventative measures to prevent mild steel (MS) from deteriorating. In this study, the ability of a novel thiazole derivative, 2-hydrazono-3-methyl-2,3-dihydrobenzo[d]thiazole hydrochloride (HMDBT), to prevent corrosion of MS (MS) in HCl has been reconnoitered using various approaches, Viz. gravimetric analysis, electrochemical (EC) analysis, and different surface characterizations. With an inhibition efficiency (IE %) of 95.35%, the outcomes elucidate that HMDBT functions as a potent MS CI that is environmentally friendly and sustainable. The computed activation and thermodynamic factors were also employed to better explain the process underpinning the inhibiting tendency of HMDBT. According to the computed values, the HMDBT molecules physically and chemically adhered to the MS surface following the Langmuir model, generating a dense protective layer that may be associated with the presence of a benzene ring and heteroatoms (S & N) in the HMDBT architecture. Based on the findings of the EIS studies, an intensification in the CI's concentration from (50 →800) ppm is ushered by increases in polarization resistance (Rp) from (80.72, 354.31) Ω cm2, and attenuation in double-layer capacitance (Cdl) from (198.78 → 44.13) µF cm-2, respectively, confirming the inhibitory proficiency of HMDBT. The IE of the inhibitor was reported around 95.35% by weight loss measurement and 89.94% through EC measurement. Theoretical analysis including density functional theory (DFT) and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were carried out to investigate the additional effects of HMDBT on the anticorrosion effectiveness and mechanism of inhibition. The theoretical parameters that were calculated provided important assistance in comprehending the inhibitory mechanism that the CI's moieties disclosed and are in strong concord with experimental methods. To create a "green" inhibitor system, the work presented here provided a potent technique to reduce corrosion by adding a potent new inhibitor.

Electrochemical and computational insights into the utilization of 2, 2- dithio bisbenzothiazole as a sustainable corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in low pH medium.

Industries today place a high premium on environmentally friendly supplies that may effectively inhibit metal dissolution at a reasonable cost. Hence, in this paper, we assessed the corrosion inhibition effectiveness of the Thiazole derivative namely, 2, 2-Dithio Bisbenzothiazole (DBBT) against mild steel (MS) corrosion in 1 M HCl. Several experimental approaches, including gravimetric analysis, potentiodynamic polarization (PDP), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and surface exploration using scanning electron/atomic force microscopy (SEM/AFM) and contact angle (CA), were utilized to conduct the measurements. In 1 M HCl corrosive medium at 298 K in the subsistence of 800 ppm of DBBT, this experiment indicated DBBT as an environment-friendly and sustainable corrosion inhibitor (CI) for MS, demonstrating an inhibition efficiency (IE %) of 97.71%. To deliver a deeper knowledge of the mechanism behind inhibitive behavior, the calculated thermodynamic and activation characteristics were applied. The calculated Gibbs free energy values indicated that the CI interacted physically and chemically with the MS surface, validating physio-chemical adsorption. The findings of the EIS research revealed that an upsurge in the doses of the CI is escorted by an upsurge in polarization resistance (Rp) from (88.05 → 504.04) Ωcm2, and a diminution in double layer capacitance (Cdl) from (97.46 → 46.33) µFcm-2 at (50 → 800) ppm respectively, affirming the inhibitive potential of DBBT. Additionally, the greatest displacement in Ecorr value being 76.13 mV < 85 mV, indicating that DBBT act as a mixed-form CI. To study the further impacts of DBBT on the inhibition capabilities of the compound under investigation, density functional theory (DFT) and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation were employed. Chemical and electrochemical approaches are in agreement with the computational analysis indicating DBBT is the most efficient CI.

Coco Monoethanolamide Surfactant as a Sustainable Corrosion Inhibitor for Mild Steel: Theoretical and Experimental Investigations.

Recent studies indicate that surfactants are a relatively new and effective class of corrosion inhibitors that almost entirely meet the criteria for a chemical to be used as an aqueous phase corrosion inhibitor. They possess the ideal hydrophilicity to hydrophobicity ratio, which is crucial for effective interfacial interactions. In this study, a coconut-based non-ionic surfactant, namely, coco monoethanolamide (CMEA), was investigated for corrosion inhibition behaviour against mild steel (MS) in 1 M HCl employing the experimental and computational techniques. The surface morphology was studied employing the scanning electron microscope (SEM), atomic force microscope (AFM), and contact measurements. The critical micelle concentration (CMC) was evaluated to be 0.556 mM and the surface tension corresponding to the CMC was 65.28 mN/m. CMEA manifests the best inhibition efficiency (η%) of 99.01% at 0.6163 mM (at 60 °C). CMEA performs as a mixed-type inhibitor and its adsorption at the MS/1 M HCl interface followed the Langmuir isotherm. The theoretical findings from density functional theory (DFT), Monte Carlo (MC), and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations accorded with the experimental findings. The MC simulation's assessment of CMEA's high adsorption energy (-185 Kcal/mol) proved that the CMEA efficiently and spontaneously adsorbs at the interface.

Aegle marmelos impedes onset of insulin resistance syndrome in rats provided with drinking fructose from weaning to adulthood stages of development - a mechanistic study.

In this study, we explored the effect of aqueous extract of leaves of Aegle marmelos (AM) on hepatic carbohydrate metabolism and insulin downstream signalling in rats given fructose (15%) in drinking water from weaning to adulthood. Wistar albino rats (4 weeks old) were randomly divided into normal control (NC), fructose control (FC), and treatment (AMT) groups and were fed for a period of 8 weeks the following diets: chow + water, chow + fructose (15%), and chow + fructose (15%) + AM (500 mg/kg per day, p.o.), respectively. Compared with the NC group, the FC group was found to have significantly (p < 0.05) raised levels of fasting blood glucose, lipid, visceral mass, plasma insulin and leptin, glycogen, and gluconeogenesis enzyme but decreased glycolytic enzyme activity. Raised levels of glucose transporter 2 protein but decreased activity of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K/Akt) and Janus kinase - signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (JAK-STAT3) in hepatic tissue indicate a state of insulin and leptin resistance in the FC group. A significant (p < 0.05) lowering of physical and glycemic parameters, strengthening of the hepatic glycolytic pathway over the gluconeogenic pathway, and upregulation of the PI3K/Akt and JAK-STAT3 pathways was observed in the AMT group, as compared with the FC group. For the first time, the mechanism underlying the development of insulin resistance syndrome is delineated here, along with the potential of A. marmelos to impede it.

Experimental accompanied with computational (atomic/electronic)-level simulation investigations of Polygonum cuspidatum root extract as sustainable corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in aggressive corrosive media.

This study investigates the corrosion inhibition potential of Polygonum cuspidatum root extract (PCRE) on mild steel in a 0.5 M HCl acidic environment. Herein, various techniques including electrochemical and gravimetric measurements were employed, along with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and contact angle (CA) measurements for surface morphology analysis. The impedance study revealed a concentration-dependent enhancement in corrosion resistance, classifying PCRE as a mixed-type inhibitor (i.e., inhibits both anodic and cathodic reactions). The highest efficiency, 96.71% at 298 K, was observed at a 1000-ppm PCRE concentration. Langmuir model computations suggested chemisorption and physisorption of PCRE on the electrode substrate. Increased Rp (from 28.648 to 174.01 Ω) and Rct (185.74 Ω cm2) at 1000 ppm demonstrated improved corrosion resistance. Additionally, SEM analysis displayed a uniform, protective surface, reducing metal degradation. Theoretical calculations highlighted strong interactions between PCRE and mild steel, with a low energy gap (ΔE), as follows: 1-O-methylemodin (2.267 eV) < emodin (2.288 eV) < emodin-1-O-glucoside (2.343 eV) < piceid (2.931 eV) < resveratrol (2.952 eV), confirming PCRE's excellent micro-level anti-corrosion capabilities. This eco-benign corrosion inhibitor offers sustainable, low-toxicity protection, cost-effectiveness, and versatile performance, surpassing commercial counterparts while aligning with sustainability goals.

Heteropolysaccharides in sustainable corrosion inhibition: 4E (Energy, Economy, Ecology, and Effectivity) dimensions.

Carbohydrate polymers (polysaccharides) and their derivatives are widely utilized in sustainable corrosion inhibition (SCI) because of their various fascinating properties including multiple adsorption sites, high solubility and high efficiency. Contrary to traditional synthetic polymer-based corrosion inhibitors, polysaccharides are related to the 4E dimension, which stands for Energy, Economy, Ecology, and Effectivity. Furthermore, they are relatively more environmentally benign, biodegradable, and non-bioaccumulative. The current review describes the SCI features of various heteropolysaccharides, including gum Arabic (GA), glycosaminoglycans (chondroitin-4-sulfate (CS), hyaluronic acid (HA), heparin, etc.), pectin, alginates, and agar for the first time. They demonstrate impressive anticorrosive activity for different metals and alloys in a variety of corrosive electrolytes. Through their adsorption at the metal/electrolyte interface, heteropolysaccharides function by producing a corrosion-protective film. In general, their adsorption follows the Langmuir isotherm model. In their molecular structures, heteropolysaccharides contain several polar functional groups like -OH, -NH2, -COCH3, -CH2OH, cyclic and bridging O, -CH2SO3H, -SO3OH, -COOH, -NHCOCH3, -OHOR, etc. that serve as adsorption centers when they bind to metallic surfaces.

Direct shoot regeneration from intact leaves of Arnebia euchroma (Royle) Johnston using thidiazuron.

The present study highlights the importance of preculture time and concentration of TDZ (thidiazuron) for direct regeneration from in vitro leaves (attached to shoots) in Arnebia euchroma. Shoot buds proliferated to form multiple shoots on MS medium (Murashige and Skoog medium) with 5.0 microM Kn. Different additives viz. ascorbic acid, PVP (polyvinylpyrrolidone), PVPP (polyvinylpolypyrrolidone) or activated charcoal (50, 100 and 250 mg/l each) were used to check the phenolic exudations. Direct shoot regeneration was obtained when shoots were initially precultured for 40 days on medium with a higher concentration of TDZ (20.0 muM) and then transferred to a lower concentration (5.0 microM TDZ). The identity of shoot buds was confirmed by histological studies. Regenerated shoots were cultured for 30 days on medium containing Kn (5.0 microM) for proliferation and then transferred to IBA (0.25 microM)-containing medium for rooting. Rooted plantlets were transferred to greenhouse with 45-50% survival.

Chemical modification of L-glutamine to alpha-amino glutarimide on autoclaving facilitates Agrobacterium infection of host and non-host plants: A new use of a known compound.

BACKGROUND: Accidental autoclaving of L-glutamine was found to facilitate the Agrobacterium infection of a non host plant like tea in an earlier study. In the present communication, we elucidate the structural changes in L-glutamine due to autoclaving and also confirm the role of heat transformed L-glutamine in Agrobacterium mediated genetic transformation of host/non host plants. RESULTS: When autoclaved at 121°C and 15 psi for 20 or 40 min, L-glutamine was structurally modified into 5-oxo proline and 3-amino glutarimide (α-amino glutarimide), respectively. Of the two autoclaved products, only α-amino glutarimide facilitated Agrobacterium infection of a number of resistant to susceptible plants. However, the compound did not have any vir gene inducing property. CONCLUSIONS: We report a one pot autoclave process for the synthesis of 5-oxo proline and α-amino glutarimide from L-glutamine. Xenobiotic detoxifying property of α-amino glutarimide is also proposed.