Skin injuries in newborns hospitalized in neonatal intensive care: a cross-sectional study.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the skin injuries of hospitalized newborns and identify factors related to the number of lesions. METHOD: This was a cross-sectional epidemiological study carried out over a period of one year in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit in the west of Paraná. The study included 74 newborns with a score ≥5 on the Newborn Skin Condition Scale. Data analysis by chi-square and Pearson's test (p < 0.05). RESULTS: The frequency was 25.4%, 59.4% had more than one lesion, mainly dermatitis and pressure injury. Birth characteristics were not related to the number of lesions. Not using antibiotics and parenteral nutrition, hemoglobin >11g/dl, phototherapy, pain score <4 and hospitalization >30 days were related to the number of lesions. The presence of two injuries led to longer healing time and three to longer hospitalization. A higher score on the Skin Condition Scale was related to healing time and late start of the diet. CONCLUSION: Skin injuries were found to be infrequent among newborns, but there is still a need to improve practices to prevent and maintain skin integrity.

Cross-cultural nursing care for immigrant women during pregnancy and childbirth: experiences and vulnerabilities.

OBJECTIVE: To understand the experiences and vulnerabilities for cross-cultural nursing care for immigrant women during pregnancy and delivery. METHOD: Exploratory, qualitative research, in the light of the Theory of Diversity and Universality of Cultural Care, in Foz do Iguaçu, Brazil, through interviews with eight postpartum woman and 18 nurses, between February and September 2022. The interpretation of meanings was adopted for analysis. RESULTS: The categories of analysis emerged: Experiences, vulnerabilities and acculturation of immigrant women during pregnancy and delivery; Cross-cultural care and vulnerabilities experienced by immigrants in Brazilian health services. Vulnerabilities were identified in Cultural and Social Structure Dimensions expressed in access to work, low socioeconomic conditions, lack of family and social support and specific services for this population. The potentialities experienced included good care provided by health services, quality of the multidisciplinary team and appreciation of professional knowledge, however, the understanding of expectations and cultural aspects needs to be deepened. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: Understand that immigrant women experience situations of vulnerability in pregnancy and childbirth, in the Brazilian context, mainly related to social and programmatic dimensions. However, potentialities were also experienced, evidenced by positive aspects in cross-cultural nursing care in Brazil.

Mental health of parents of children and adolescents who require special health care.

OBJECTIVE: To identify the manifestations presented by parents of children and adolescents who require special health attention that can impact their mental health. METHODS: exploratory, qualitative research, based on the concept of vulnerability, with data collection carried out through interviews with 18 parents of children and adolescents with special health care needs, hospitalized in the pediatric ward of a hospital in Paraná, between May/2017 and May/ 2018. Data analyzed by inductive thematic analysis. RESULTS: parents experienced situations of vulnerability when providing care at home, with repercussions on their mental health, expressed by manifestations of lack of protection, anxiety and depression. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: It is important that health professionals seek to expand actions to promote care and reduce situations that generate threats, insecurities, concerns and damage to the health of parents, which can impact and further weaken care for children and adolescents who need attention especially health.

Quality of follow-up of preterm infants in the Primary Health Care network: "Qualipreterm" guide.

OBJECTIVES: to develop the first version of an assessment guide for the quality of follow-up of preterm infants in Primary Health Care. METHODS: a descriptive methodological study, which developed a guide to assess follow-up quality of preterm infants in Primary Care. Steps of conceptual establishment, construction of items and answers, organization of domains and structuring of the guide were carried out. RESULTS: the guide was organized in five domains that included: Hospital discharge planning and care plan organization; Home follow-up during visits and teleservice; Infant health monitoring to promote health and prevent injuries; Integration between health services, education and specialized monitoring; Family support and support for care. It is proposed to assess the domains in inadequate, regular, good and excellent. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: the first version of the guide suggests assessment elements aimed at the recommendations of good practices for preterm infants' health in the Primary Health Care network.

Therapeutic itinerary of children with special health care needs: analysis guided by care systems.

OBJECTIVE: To understand the therapeutic itinerary taken by families in search of attention to their child's special health care needs in a Brazilian border town. METHOD: Qualitative research based on dialectical hermeneutics and on the Health Care Systems model. Interviews and Talking Maps (Dynamics of Creativity and Sensitivity) were carried out with 19 caregivers of children with special health care needs, attended at care institutions in Foz do Iguaçu, Paraná, in 2020. For data analysis, thematic analysis was used. RESULTS: The fragilities of the Health Care System were highlighted, permeated by: difficulties in accessing the diagnosis and consultations; overload for care; (dis)organization of the care itinerary; and deconstruction of the bond, due to failures in communication and reception. Conclusion: The deconstruction of the therapeutic itinerary of children with special health care needs involved, above all, the professional context in the Health Care System, leading to the search for care in private services and in care institutions.

Follow-up care for premature children: the repercussions of the COVID-19 pandemic.

OBJECTIVE: to analyze elements of the follow-up care provided to premature children amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. METHOD: qualitative study from the perspective of philosophical hermeneutics, interpreting experiences with childcare provided at home. Twelve mothers and 14 children aged two years old were interviewed online via a text messaging application. Data were analyzed by interpreting meanings. RESULTS: weaknesses stood out in the follow-up care provided to children such as gaps of communication, lack of guidance and delayed immunizations, while care intended to meet health demands was interrupted. Vulnerability aspects affecting child development included: social isolation measures that impeded the children from socializing with their peers, increased screen time, the manifestation of demanding behaviors and irritation and the mothers experiencing an overload of responsibilities. The elements that strengthened maternal care included the mothers being attentive to contagion, enjoying greater experience and satisfaction with the maternal role, spending more time with their children, and recognizing respiratory signs and symptoms, especially fever. CONCLUSION: follow-up care provided to children in stressful situations implies implementing practices that support the wellbeing of children and families, decreasing the likelihood of children being exposed to development deficits, and detecting signs and symptoms timely. The use of nursing call centers can break the invisibility of longitudinal needs and promote health education actions at home.

Factors related to duration of hospitalization and death in premature newborns.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze factors related to prolonged hospitalization and death in premature newborns in a border region. METHOD: Cross-sectional study, with retrospective data collection, which analyzed 951 medical records of premature newborns hospitalized between 2013 and 2017. The independent variables were maternal age, nationality, prenatal appointments, maternal intercurrences, gestational age, weight at birth, Apgar, complications; the dependent variables were days of hospitalization, discharge, death, and transference. The tests Pearson Chi-squared and Fisher's Exact were employed. RESULTS: Premature birth amounted to 10.3%; out of these, 43.3% were hospitalized. The prevalence of mortality was 21.3%. Few prenatal appointments, maternal intercurrences, low fifth minute Apgar, and the baby's health complications increased days of hospitalization. Lower weight and gestational age, low Apgar and complications with the baby increased death. CONCLUSION: Understanding hospitalization aspects enabled the identification of factors that lead to complications to the premature newborn, which are relevant to efforts to overcome unfavorable outcomes and face challenges posed by the sequels throughout life. The integration between countries and their borders is a notorious condition to accelerate care processes and promote better outcomes.

Therapeutic itinerary of breast cancer women in a border municipality.

OBJECTIVES: to know the therapeutic itinerary and to show the implications of breast cancer for women in a border town in southern Brazil. METHODS: a qualitative research conducted based on the complexity paradigm, through interviews with 13 women with breast cancer undergoing outpatient treatment and data analyzed by thematic analysis. RESULTS: the first signs and symptoms of breast cancer were noticed unexpectedly, in everyday moments and during routine visits. There was family support in the search for assistance in primary care services, but organizational barriers led this itinerary to private health services, including Paraguay. Coping with the disease and treatment was anchored in the family subsystem. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: the paths for breast cancer diagnosis and treatment included families, primary care services and private health services, including from the neighboring country, considering the vulnerability of border regions to guarantee health care.

Coping with COVID-19 in an international border region: health and economy.

OBJECTIVE: to analyze how the social isolation measures and closed borders affected the health and economy in an international border region. METHOD: descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in the western region of Paraná, Brazil, using an electronic form created using Google® forms. A sample of 2,510 people was addressed. Descriptive analysis and the Chi-square test were performed, with a level of significance established at 5%. This public opinion survey, addressing unidentified participants, is in accordance with Resolutions 466/2012 and 510/2016. RESULTS: the participants were 41.5 years old on average, most were women and worked in the education sector; 41.9% reported that the closing of borders/commercial businesses negatively influenced income; 17.7% reported the possibility of losing their jobs; 89.0% consider that a larger number of people would be sick if the borders/commercial had not been closed; 63.7% believe the health services are not prepared to deal with the pandemic; 74.9% realize that the Brazilian Unified Health System may not have sufficient service capacity; 63.4% reported anxiety; and 75.6% of commercial workers will experience changes in their income level. CONCLUSION: the closing of international borders and commercial businesses was related to a perception of physical and mental changes, job loss, and decreased income.

The vulnerabilities of premature children: home and institutional contexts.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze situations in which premature children are vulnerable in home care, in the first six months after hospital discharge. METHOD: Qualitative study, from the perspective of philosophical hermeneutics, carried out in a Brazilian city on the border. In-depth interviews were conducted, with a data analysis considering the method of interpretation of meanings. 18 mothers of premature children discharged from a hospital unit participated. 25 home visits and 56 calls were made. RESULTS: The reports from the mothers express situations of vulnerability, concerns, needs for care, singularities of the development of the premature baby, and repercussions of institutional routines in home care. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: There are vulnerable circumstances in prematurity that reaffirm interconnected individual, social, and institutional dimensions. It is important to highlight that the institutional dimension involves the responsibility of health professionals not to increase individual and social vulnerabilities, but to promote care and seek to reduce situations that generate risks, uncertainties, concerns, and damages.

Care opportunities for premature infants: home visits and telephone support.

OBJECTIVE: to analyze opportunities for orientations to promote the care of premature infants during home visits and telephone support. METHOD: a qualitative study from the perspective of philosophical hermeneutics conducted with 18 mothers of premature infants discharged from hospital. Hospital contact and interviews were carried out, 15 and 45 days after discharge and at the infants' six months of life, with data analysis by interpretation of meanings from 25 home visits and 56 telephone support contacts. RESULTS: the following two thematic units emerged: Needs for contact and guidance: the place for home visits and opportunities for resolving doubts by telephone support, indicating aspects that suggest weakening child health, discontinuity in follow-up and vulnerability in specialized follow-ups. Home visits and telephone support favored the concern of health needs, doubts about basic care and problem solving, as ways to prevent damage and promote child health. CONCLUSION: home visits and telephone support emerge as collaborative practices of care and detection of latent conditions, which can be reduced or interrupted with prompt return of guidance, suggesting opportune strategies to increase follow-up, linkage and access to the health services.

Imunização da gestante em tempos de pandemia da COVID-19 / Inmunización de mujeres embarazadas en tiempos de pandemia de COVID-19 / Immunization of pregnant women in times of the COVID-19 pandemic

Objetivo: analisar e comparar a imunização de gestantes no período da pandemia da COVID-19 no Oeste do Paraná. Método: pesquisa analítica e transversal, realizada na nona e décima regionais de saúde do Paraná. Participaram 823 puérperas, a coleta de dados foi conduzida por inquérito e informações do prontuário entre setembro a dezembro de 2021. Utilizaram-se análise descritiva e teste de qui-quadrado com nível significância de 5%. Resultados: a nona regional apresentou melhor desempenho na imunização contra Hepatite-B, Influenza, Difteria, Tétano e Coqueluche em comparação à décima regional. A vacinação contra COVID-19 teve baixa adesão em ambas as regionais, cujos motivos foram: medo, opção própria, orientação médica e desejo de esperar o filho nascer. Conclusão: são necessárias novas estratégias e campanhas de sensibilização para aumentar o índice vacinal entre gestantes, sobretudo para a vacina contra COVID-19, considerando as complicações para a saúde materno-infantil.

Objective: analyze and compare the immunization of pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic in western Paraná. Method: this is an analytical, cross-sectional study carried out in the ninth and tenth regional health departments of Paraná. A total of 823 puerperal women took part, and data was collected using a survey and information from medical records between September and December 2021. Descriptive analysis and the chi-square test were used, with a significance level of 5%. Results: the ninth region performed better in immunization against Hepatitis-B, Influenza, Diphtheria, Tetanus and Pertussis compared to the tenth region. Vaccination against COVID-19 had low uptake in both regions, the reasons for which were: fear, own choice, medical advice and the wish to wait for the child to be born. Conclusion: new strategies and awareness campaigns are needed to increase the vaccination rate among pregnant women, especially for the COVID-19 vaccine, considering the complications for maternal and child health.

Objetivo: analizar y comparar la inmunización de mujeres embarazadas durante la pandemia de COVID-19 en el Oeste de Paraná. Método: investigación analítica y transversal, realizada en la novena y décima región sanitaria de Paraná. Participaron 823 puérperas. La recolección de datos se realizó mediante encuesta e información de historias clínicas entre septiembre y diciembre de 2021. Se utilizó análisis descriptivo y prueba de chi cuadrado con un nivel de significancia del 5%. Resultados: la novena región presentó mejor desempeño en inmunización contra Hepatitis B, Influenza, Difteria, Tétanos y Tos Ferina en comparación con la décima región. La vacunación contra la COVID-19 tuvo baja adherencia en ambas regiones y los motivos fueron: miedo, elección personal, consejo médico y deseo de esperar a que nazca el niño. Conclusión: son necesarias nuevas estrategias y campañas de sensibilización para aumentar la tasa de vacunación entre las mujeres embarazadas, especialmente de la vacuna contra la COVID-19, considerando las complicaciones para la salud materna e infantil.

Skin injuries in newborns hospitalized in neonatal intensive care: a cross-sectional study / Lesiones cutáneas en recién nacidos hospitalizados en cuidados intensivos neonatales: estudio transversal / Lesão de pele em recém-nascidos hospitalizados em terapia intensiva neonatal: estudo seccional

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the skin injuries of hospitalized newborns and identify factors related to the number of lesions. Method: This was a cross-sectional epidemiological study carried out over a period of one year in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit in the west of Paraná. The study included 74 newborns with a score ≥5 on the Newborn Skin Condition Scale. Data analysis by chi-square and Pearson's test (p < 0.05). Results: The frequency was 25.4%, 59.4% had more than one lesion, mainly dermatitis and pressure injury. Birth characteristics were not related to the number of lesions. Not using antibiotics and parenteral nutrition, hemoglobin >11g/dl, phototherapy, pain score <4 and hospitalization >30 days were related to the number of lesions. The presence of two injuries led to longer healing time and three to longer hospitalization. A higher score on the Skin Condition Scale was related to healing time and late start of the diet. Conclusion: Skin injuries were found to be infrequent among newborns, but there is still a need to improve practices to prevent and maintain skin integrity.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Analizar las lesiones cutáneas en recién nacidos hospitalizados e identificar los factores relacionados con el número de lesiones. Material y método: Estudio epidemiológico transversal realizado durante un año en una unidad de terapia intensiva neonatal del oeste de Paraná. Fueron incluidos 74 recién nacidos con puntuación ≥5 en la Escala de Estado de la Piel del Recién Nacido. Los datos se analizaron mediante chi-cuadrado y test de Pearson (p < 0,05). Resultados: La frecuencia fue del 25,4%, el 59,4% presentaba más de una lesión, principalmente dermatitis y lesiones por presión. Las características del nacimiento no se relacionaron con el número de lesiones. No utilizar antibióticos ni nutrición parenteral, hemoglobina >11g/dl, fototerapia, puntuación del dolor <4 y hospitalización >30 días se relacionaron con el número de lesiones. La presencia de dos lesiones conllevaba un mayor tiempo de curación y tres una hospitalización más prolongada. Una puntuación más alta en la escala de estado de la piel se relacionó con el tiempo de curación y el inicio tardío de la dieta. Conclusión: Se observó que las lesiones cutáneas son poco frecuentes entre los recién nacidos, pero sigue siendo necesario mejorar las prácticas de prevención y mantenimiento de la integridad de la piel.

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar as lesões de pele de recém-nascidos hospitalizados e identificar fatores relacionados ao número de lesões. Método: Estudo epidemiológico seccional, realizado no período de um ano, em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal do Oeste do Paraná. Foram incluídos 74 recém-nascidos com escore ≥5 na Escala de Condição da Pele do Recém-Nascido. Análise de dados por teste qui-quadrado e Pearson (p < 0,05). Resultados: A frequência foi de 25,4%, 59,4% apresentaram mais de uma lesão, principalmente dermatites e lesão por pressão. Características do nascimento não se relacionaram ao número de lesões. Não usar antibióticos e nutrição parenteral, hemoglobina >11g/dl, fototerapia, escore de dor <4 e hospitalização >30 dias foram relacionados ao número de lesões. Presença de duas lesões levou maior tempo de cicatrização e três, de hospitalização. Maior escore na Escala de Condição da Pele se relacionou ao tempo de cicatrização e início tardio da dieta. Conclusão: A lesão de pele mostrou-se pouco frequente entre os recém-nascidos, mesmo assim, é preciso aprimorar as práticas para prevenir e manter a integridade da pele.

Repercussões da COVID-19 no cuidado às crianças com necessidades de saúde especiais / Repercusiones del COVID-19 en el cuidado de infantes con necesidades de salud especiales / Repercussions of COVID-19 on the care of children with special health needs

Resumo Objetivo Compreender as repercussões da pandemia COVID-19 no cuidado de crianças com necessidades de saúde especiais. Métodos Pesquisa exploratória, qualitativa, ancorada no quadro conceitual de vulnerabilidade em saúde nas dimensões individual, social e institucional. Foram realizadas entrevistas, no período de outubro de 2020 a fevereiro de 2021 (pré-vacinação contra COVID-19) com 19 cuidadores familiares, 11 profissionais de instituições de educação, proteção social e saúde e 15 enfermeiros de atenção primária à saúde em um município brasileiro na fronteira Brasil-Argentina-Paraguai. Foi aplicada análise temática reflexiva. Resultados Descontinuidade no cuidado, baixo alcance da proteção social e contexto institucional instável marcaram a atenção de crianças com necessidades de saúde especiais. Destacaram-se vulnerabilidades individuais em decorrência de atraso vacinal, medo de contágio e mudanças no desenvolvimento; vulnerabilidade institucional por restrições de visita domiciliar, lista de espera, falta de profissionais e ausência de atividades grupais; e vulnerabilidade social relacionadas às dificuldades de auxílio social e fechamento de fronteiras terrestres. Os elementos relacionados à estratégia de telessaúde e mecanismos que assumem responsabilidade profissional expressaram fortalezas para o cuidado de crianças com necessidades de saúde especiais. Conclusão As medidas restritivas adotadas no início da pandemia COVID-19 repercutiram negativamente no cuidado de crianças com necessidades de saúde especiais, intensificando suas vulnerabilidades individual e social. Fortalecer os contextos familiares e comunitários e ampliar o diálogo entre os setores da atenção primária à saúde indicam evitar o descompasso entre o apoio profissional e as necessidades prementes dessas crianças, assegurando a continuidade da atenção.

Resumen Objetivo Comprender las repercusiones de la pandemia de COVID-19 en el cuidado de infantes con necesidades de salud especiales. Métodos Estudio exploratorio, cualitativo, basado en el mapa conceptual de vulnerabilidad en salud en la dimensión individual, social e institucional. Se entrevistó a 19 cuidadores familiares, 11 profesionales de instituciones de educación, protección social y salud y 15 enfermeros de atención primaria de salud, en el período de octubre de 2020 a febrero de 2021 (antes de la vacunación contra COVID-19), en un municipio brasileño en la frontera de Brasil, Argentina y Paraguay. Se aplicó el análisis temático reflexivo. Resultados La atención de infantes con necesidades de salud especiales fue marcada por la discontinuidad del cuidado, el bajo alcance de la protección social y el contexto institucional inestable. Se observaron vulnerabilidades individuales como consecuencia del retraso de vacunación, miedo del contagio y cambios del desarrollo; vulnerabilidades institucionales por restricciones de visitas domiciliarias, lista de espera, falta de profesionales y ausencia de actividades grupales; y vulnerabilidades sociales relacionadas con las dificultades de ayuda social y cierre de fronteras terrestres. Los elementos relacionados con la estrategia de salud electrónica y mecanismos que asumen responsabilidad profesional expresaron fortalezas para el cuidado de infantes con necesidades de salud especiales. Conclusión Las medidas restrictivas adoptadas al comienzo de la pandemia de COVID-19 repercutieron negativamente en el cuidado de infantes con necesidades de salud especiales, lo que intensificó sus vulnerabilidades individuales y sociales. Fortalecer los contextos familiares y comunitarios y ampliar el diálogo entre los sectores de la atención primaria de salud parecen evitar la divergencia entre el apoyo profesional y las necesidades urgentes de estos infantes, para garantizar la continuidad de la atención.

Abstract Objective Understanding the repercussions of the COVID-19 pandemic on the care of children with special health needs. Methods Exploratory, qualitative research, anchored in the conceptual framework of health vulnerability in the individual, social and institutional dimensions. Interviews were carried out from October 2020 to February 2021 (pre-vaccination against COVID-19) with 19 family caregivers, 11 professionals from education, social protection and health institutions and 15 primary health care nurses in a Brazilian city on the Brazil-Argentina-Paraguay border. Reflective thematic analysis was applied. Results Discontinuity in care, low scope of social protection and unstable institutional context marked the attention of children with special health needs. Individual vulnerabilities were highlighted as a result of vaccination delays, fear of contagion and changes in development; institutional vulnerability due to restrictions on home visits, waiting lists, lack of professionals and absence of group activities; and social vulnerability related to difficulties in social assistance and the closure of land borders. Elements related to the telehealth strategy and mechanisms that assume professional responsibility expressed strengths for the care of children with special health needs. Conclusion The restrictive measures adopted at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic had a negative impact on the care of children with special health needs, intensifying their individual and social vulnerabilities. Strengthening family and community contexts and expanding dialogue between sectors of primary health care indicate avoiding a mismatch between professional support and the pressing needs of these children, ensuring continuity of care.

Cross-cultural nursing care for immigrant women during pregnancy and childbirth: experiences and vulnerabilities / Cuidado transcultural de enfermería para la mujer inmigrante durante el embarazo y el parto: experiencias y vulnerabilidades / Cuidado transcultural de enfermagem à mulher imigrante na gestação e parto: experiências e vulnerabilidades

ABSTRACT Objective: To understand the experiences and vulnerabilities for cross-cultural nursing care for immigrant women during pregnancy and delivery. Method: Exploratory, qualitative research, in the light of the Theory of Diversity and Universality of Cultural Care, in Foz do Iguaçu, Brazil, through interviews with eight postpartum woman and 18 nurses, between February and September 2022. The interpretation of meanings was adopted for analysis. Results: The categories of analysis emerged: Experiences, vulnerabilities and acculturation of immigrant women during pregnancy and delivery; Cross-cultural care and vulnerabilities experienced by immigrants in Brazilian health services. Vulnerabilities were identified in Cultural and Social Structure Dimensions expressed in access to work, low socioeconomic conditions, lack of family and social support and specific services for this population. The potentialities experienced included good care provided by health services, quality of the multidisciplinary team and appreciation of professional knowledge, however, the understanding of expectations and cultural aspects needs to be deepened. Final considerations: Understand that immigrant women experience situations of vulnerability in pregnancy and childbirth, in the Brazilian context, mainly related to social and programmatic dimensions. However, potentialities were also experienced, evidenced by positive aspects in cross-cultural nursing care in Brazil.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Comprender las experiencias y vulnerabilidades de la atención de enfermería transcultural a mujeres inmigrantes durante el embarazo y parto. Método: Investigación cualitativa, exploratoria, basada en la Teoría de la Diversidad y Universalidad del Cuidado Cultural, realizada en Foz do Iguazú, Brasil, a través de entrevistas con ocho madres y 18 enfermeras, entre febrero/septiembre de 2022. Se adoptó la interpretación de significados para el análisis. Resultados: Emergieron las categorías de análisis: Experiencias, vulnerabilidades y aculturación de mujeres inmigrantes durante el embarazo y parto; Atención transcultural y vulnerabilidades vividas por inmigrantes en los servicios de salud brasileños. Se identificaron vulnerabilidades en las Dimensiones de Estructura Cultural y Social expresadas en acceso al trabajo, bajas condiciones socioeconómicas, falta de apoyo familiar y social y de servicios específicos para esta población. Las potencialidades vividas incluyeron: buena atención en los servicios de salud, calidad del equipo multidisciplinario y valoración del conocimiento profesional, sin embargo, es necesario profundizar la comprensión de las expectativas y los aspectos culturales. Consideraciones finales: Se entendió que las mujeres inmigrantes vivieron situaciones de vulnerabilidad durante el embarazo y el parto, en el contexto brasileño, principalmente relacionadas con dimensiones sociales y programáticas. Sin embargo, también se experimentaron potencialidades, evidenciadas por aspectos positivos en la atención de enfermería transcultural en Brasil.

RESUMO Objetivo: Compreender as experiências e as vulnerabilidades para o cuidado transcultural de enfermagem à mulher imigrante na gestação e parto. Método: Pesquisa exploratória, qualitativa, à luz da Teoria da Diversidade e Universalidade do Cuidado Cultural, realizada em Foz do Iguaçu, Brasil, mediante entrevistas com oito puérperas e 18 enfermeiros,entre fevereiro e setembro de 2022. Adotou-se, para análise, a interpretação de sentidos. Resultados: Emergiram as categorias: Experiências, vulnerabilidades e aculturação da mulher imigrante na gestação e parto; Cuidado transcultural e vulnerabilidades experienciadas pela imigrante em serviços de saúde brasileiros. Vulnerabilidades foram identificadas nas Dimensões Culturais e de Estrutura Social expressas no acesso ao trabalho, baixas condições socioeconômicas, falta de suporte familiar, social e serviços específicos para essa população. As potencialidades experienciadas incluíram: bom atendimento nos serviços de saúde, qualidade da equipe multiprofissional e valorização do saber profissional; entretanto a compreensão das expectativas e dos aspectos culturais precisam ser aprofundados. Considerações finais: Compreendeu-se que as mulheres imigrantes experienciaram situações de vulnerabilidade na gestação e parto, no contexto brasileiro, principalmente relacionadas às dimensões sociais e programáticas. Contudo, potencialidades também foram experienciadas, evidenciadas pelos aspectos positivos no cuidado transcultural de enfermagem no Brasil.

Recién nacidos prematuros susceptibles de desarrollar necesidades especiales en salud: un enfoque mediante triangulación de métodos / Premature Newborns with the Potential to Develop Special Health Needs: An Approach by Triangulation of Methods / Recém-nascidos prematuros com probabilidade de desenvolver necessidades especiais de saúde: uma abordagem de triangulação de métodos

Introducción: el reconocimiento materno de las necesidades especiales de salud de los bebés prematuros es esencial, por la importancia de los estímulos tempranos después del alta para fortalecer el desarrollo infantil. Objetivo: identificar a los recién nacidos prematuros con factores potenciales para el desarrollo de necesidades especiales de salud y describir el reconocimiento materno de estos factores. Materiales y métodos: estudio cualitativo y cuantitativo, realizado mediante un método de triangulación, con incorporación concomitante de datos, incluido en el análisis del test de Chi-cuadrado (p<0,05) para los datos cuantitativos, y la interpretación de significados para los cualitativos. Variables: peso al nacer, edad gestacional, puntuación de Apgar, complicaciones y duración de la estancia hospitalaria a partir de 951 registros de niños prematuros hospitalizados; 18 madres fueron entrevistadas durante la hospitalización, 15 días después del alta en el domicilio, 30 días después de esta visita domiciliaria y a la edad de 6 meses del niño, por teléfono, en el sur de Brasil. Resultados: se identificaron como factores potenciales: prematuridad extrema y/o muy prematuro, bajo peso al nacer, complicaciones y hospitalización prolongada. Con la incorporación de los datos se verificó la relevancia de estos factores para los niños en riesgo de cambios de desarrollo y comportamiento. Las madres describieron a sus hijos con un desarrollo saludable, pero reconocieron que la prematuridad es un factor que predispone a nuevas hospitalizaciones, y los factores perinatales y los relacionados con la hospitalización contribuyen al desarrollo de necesidades especiales de salud. Conclusión: se entiende que la importancia de la identificación temprana de los factores que mejoran el desarrollo de las necesidades especiales de salud permite el inicio de los estímulos necesarios para fortalecer el desarrollo infantil.

Introdução: o reconhecimento materno das necessidades especiais de saúde dos recém-nascidos prematuros é essencial devido à importância da estimulação precoce após a alta para fortalecer o desenvolvimento infantil. Objetivo: identificar bebês prematuros com fatores potenciais para o desenvolvimento de necessidades especiais de saúde e descrever o reconhecimento materno desses fatores. Materiais e métodos: estudo qualitativo e quantitativo, realizado por meio de um método de triangulação, com incorporação concomitante de dados, incluindo a análise do teste qui-quadrado (p < 0,05) para dados quantitativos e interpretação de significados para dados qualitativos. Variáveis: peso ao nascer, idade gestacional, escore de Apgar, complicações e tempo de permanência hospitalar de 951 registros de bebês prematuros hospitalizados; 18 mães foram entrevistadas durante a hospitalização, 15 dias após a alta no domicílio, 30 dias após essa visita domiciliar e aos 6 meses de idade do bebê, por telefone, no sul do Brasil. Resultados: foram identificados como fatores potenciais: prematuridade extrema e/ou muito pré-termo, baixo peso ao nascer, complicações e hospitalização prolongada. A incorporação dos dados verificou a relevância desses fatores para crianças com risco de alterações no desenvolvimento e no comportamento. As mães descreveram seus filhos como tendo um desenvolvimento saudável, mas reconheceram que a prematuridade é um fator predisponente para novas hospitalizações, e que fatores perinatais e relacionados à hospitalização contribuem para o desenvolvimento de necessidades especiais de saúde. Conclusões: entende-se a importância da identificação precoce de fatores que aumentam o desenvolvimento de necessidades especiais de saúde para iniciar os estímulos necessários a fim de fortalecer o desenvolvimento infantil.

Introduction: Maternal recognition of special health needs of premature babies is essential, given the importance of early stimuli after discharge to strengthen child development. Objective: To identify premature newborns with potential factors for the development of special health needs and describe maternal recognition of these factors. Materials and methods: Qualitative and quantitative study, performed using a triangulation method, with concomitant incorporation of data, included to analysis Chi-square test (p<0.05) for quantitative data and interpretation of meanings for qualitative. Variables: Birth weight, gestational age, Apgar score, complications, and length of hospital stay from 951 records of hospitalized premature infants; 18 mothers were interviewed during hospitalization, 15 days after discharge at home, 30 days after this at-home visit and at the age of 6 months of the child, by telephone, in Southern Brazil. Results: Identified as potential factors: Extreme prematurity and/or very premature, low birth weight, complications, and prolonged hospitalization. With the incorporation of the data, the relevance of these factors for children at risk of changes in development and behavior was verified. Mothers described their children as having healthy development but recognized prematurity is a factor that predisposes to new hospitalizations, and perinatal factors and those related to hospitalization contribute to the development of special health needs. Conclusion: The importance of early identification of factors that enhance the development of special health needs is understood to initiate the necessary stimuli to strengthen child development.

Mental health of parents of children and adolescents who require special health care / Salud mental de padres de niños y adolescentes que necesitan atención especial de la salud / Saúde mental de pais de crianças e adolescentes que necessitam de atenção especial à saúde

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify the manifestations presented by parents of children and adolescents who require special health attention that can impact their mental health. Methods: exploratory, qualitative research, based on the concept of vulnerability, with data collection carried out through interviews with 18 parents of children and adolescents with special health care needs, hospitalized in the pediatric ward of a hospital in Paraná, between May/2017 and May/ 2018. Data analyzed by inductive thematic analysis. Results: parents experienced situations of vulnerability when providing care at home, with repercussions on their mental health, expressed by manifestations of lack of protection, anxiety and depression. Final considerations: It is important that health professionals seek to expand actions to promote care and reduce situations that generate threats, insecurities, concerns and damage to the health of parents, which can impact and further weaken care for children and adolescents who need attention especially health.

RESUMEN Objetivo: identificar las manifestaciones presentadas por los padres de niños y adolescentes que necesitan atención especial en salud que puedan afectar su salud mental. Métodos: Es una investigación exploratoria, cualitativa, basada en el concepto de vulnerabilidad, con datos examinados mediante el análisis temático inductivo y recolectados a través de entrevistas a 18 padres de niños y adolescentes con necesidades de cuidados especiales, internados en la unidad de pediatría de un hospital de Paraná, entre mayo de 2017 y mayo de 2018. Resultados: los padres experimentaron situaciones de vulnerabilidad en el ejercicio del cuidado domiciliario, con repercusiones en su salud mental, expresadas por manifestaciones de desprotección, ansiedad y depresión. Consideraciones finales: es importante que los profesionales sanitarios busquen ampliar sus acciones para promover el cuidado y reducir las situaciones que generen amenazas, inseguridades, preocupaciones y daños a la salud de los padres y perjudiquen el cuidado de los niños y adolescentes que necesitan atención especial.

RESUMO Objetivo: identificar as manifestações apresentadas pelos pais de crianças e adolescentes que necessitam de atenção especial à saúde e que podem impactar a sua saúde mental. Métodos: pesquisa exploratória, qualitativa, fundamentada no conceito de vulnerabilidade, com coleta de dados realizada por meio de entrevistas com 18 pais de crianças e adolescentes com necessidades de atenção especial, hospitalizadas em unidade pediátrica de um hospital do Paraná, entre maio/2017 e maio/2018. Dados analisados pela análise temática indutiva. Resultados: os pais experienciaram situações de vulnerabilidades para o exercício do cuidado no domicílio, com repercussões em sua saúde mental, expressas por manifestações de desproteção, ansiedade e depressão. Considerações finais: é relevante que profissionais de saúde busquem ampliar as ações para promover o cuidado e reduzir as situações que geram ameaças, inseguranças, preocupações e danos para a saúde dos pais, que podem impactar e fragilizar ainda mais o cuidado às crianças e adolescentes que necessitam de atenção especial à saúde.

Repercussões da pandemia da covid-19 na atenção à mulher no trabalho de parto e parto: estudo transversal / Repercussions of the covid-19 pandemic on women's care during labor and parturition: cross-sectional study / Repercusiones de la pandemia de covid-19 en la atención a las mujeres durante el trabajo de parto y el parto: estudio transversal

RESUMO Objetivo: avaliar o processo de trabalho dos profissionais de saúde na atenção primária no enfrentamento à Covid-19. Método: estudo qualitativo, que utilizou como base conceitual o processo de trabalho em saúde, e, como referencial metodológico, a pesquisa avaliativa. A coleta foi realizada com 23 profissionais de saúde, entre julho e setembro de 2021, nas unidades básicas de saúde em um município no noroeste do Paraná-Brasil. Para a análise organizaram-se os dados por meio do software MAXQDA, e cada segmento de dado foi organizado conforme os significados. Resultados: emergiram duas categorias, a saber: Dificuldades enfrentadas na reorganização da ambiência, atividades programáticas e dimensionamento dos profissionais da atenção primária à saúde; e Organização do fluxo de atendimento ao usuário com Covid-19 na atenção primária à saúde. Conclusão: este estudo reforça a indispensabilidade da avaliação do processo de trabalho para melhoria da assistência em saúde, principalmente em condições de emergência de saúde pública.

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the health care provided to women in peripartum and parturition during the pandemic period of COVID-19. Method: analytical and cross-sectional study, conducted with 404 puerperal women from three maternity hospitals in Paraná - Brazil, between the months of September-December/2021. Data were analyzed by chi-square test (p<0.05) to verify the association. Results: care was taken to prevent COVID-19 in peripartum and parturition (physical distance 89.4%, use of mask 96.8%, respiratory etiquette 74.3%, hand hygiene 97.8%), presence of a companion (97.2%), respect for the choice of parturition route (71%) and skin-to-skin contact (70.2%). A high rate of early hospitalization (dilation between 0-3 cm), low offer of non-pharmacological methods for pain relief and low incentive to breastfeeding were observed. Conclusion: the study contributes to improve health actions about the natural physiology of parturition and to strengthen the rights in parturition, even in vulnerable pandemic periods.

RESUMEN Objetivo: analizar la atención a la salud prestada a las mujeres en el preparto y el parto durante el periodo de pandemia de COVID-19. Método: estudio analítico y transversal, realizado con 404 puérperas de tres maternidades de Paraná - Brasil, entre los meses de septiembre-diciembre/2021. Los datos fueron analizados por el test chi-cuadrado (p<0,05) para verificar la asociación. Resultados: Se mantuvieron los cuidados con la prevención del COVID-19 en el preparto y el parto (distancia física 89,4%, uso de mascarilla 96,8%, protocolo respiratorio 74,3%, higiene de manos 97,8%), presencia de un acompañante (97,2%), respeto a la elección de la vía de parto (71%) y contacto piel con piel (70,2%). Se observó una alta tasa de hospitalización precoz (dilatación entre 0-3cm), una baja oferta de métodos no farmacológicos para el alivio del dolor y un escaso fomento de la lactancia materna. Conclusión: el estudio contribuye a mejorar las actuaciones sanitarias sobre la fisiología natural del parto y a reforzar los derechos en el momento del nacimiento, incluso en periodos vulnerables de pandemia.

Repercussões da pandemia de COVID-19 no exame preventivo de câncer de colo uterino: percepção de enfermeiros / Repercusiones de la pandemia de COVID-19 en el tamizaje del cáncer de cuello uterino: percepción de los enfermeros / Repercussions of the COVID-19 pandemic on cervical cancer screening: nurses' perception

Resumo Objetivo compreender a percepção de enfermeiros da atenção primária sobre as repercussões da pandemia na realização do exame citopatológico do colo-uterino. Método estudo qualitativo, descritivo, com dados analisados pela Análise de Conteúdo. Foram entrevistados 12 enfermeiros, atuantes na atenção primária de Foz do Iguaçu, PR, entre fevereiro e março de 2022. Resultados emergiram três categorias temáticas que discorreram sobre os prejuízos da pandemia para o rastreamento do câncer de colo-uterino; necessidade de reorganização do serviço, destacando a baixa adesão; e falta de estratégias para o retorno das práticas em saúde. Conclusão e implicações para a prática na pandemia houve a suspensão da coleta de preventivo e após o período crítico, o medo da contaminação pelas mulheres, falta de insumos e recursos humanos dificultaram a retomada do serviço. Torna-se relevante para a prática, desenvolver ações e estratégias que incentivem a realização do exame, para assim reduzir a morbimortalidade por essa neoplasia.

Resumen Objetivo comprender la percepción de los enfermeros de atención primaria sobre las repercusiones de la pandemia en la realización de exámen citopatológico cervical. Método estudio cualitativo, descriptivo, con datos analizados por Análisis de Contenido. Fueron entrevistadas doces enfermeras que actúan en la atención primaria en Foz do Iguaçu, PR, entre febrero y marzo de 2022. Resultados surgieron tres categorías temáticas que discutieron los daños de la pandemia para el tamizaje del cáncer de cuello uterino; necesidad de reorganizar el servicio, destacando la baja adherencia; y falta de estrategias para el retorno de las prácticas de salud. Conclusión e implicaciones para la práctica en la pandemia hubo una suspensión de la recolección preventiva y después del período crítico, el miedo a la contaminación por parte de las mujeres, la falta de insumos y recursos humanos dificultó la reanudación del servicio. Se vuelve relevante para la práctica desarrollar acciones y estrategias que favorezcan la realización del examen, con el fin de disminuir la morbimortalidad por esta neoplasia.

Abstract Objective to understand the perception of primary care nurses about the repercussions of the pandemic on the performance of cervical cytopathological exam. Method qualitative, descriptive study, with data analyzed by Content Analysis. Twelve nurses working in primary care in Foz do Iguaçu, PR, between February and March of 2022, were interviewed. Results three thematic categories emerged that discussed the damages of the pandemic for cervical cancer screening; need to reorganize the service, highlighting the low adherence; and lack of strategies for the return of health practices. Conclusion and implications for practice in the pandemic, there was a suspension of preventive collection and after the critical period, the fear of contamination by women, lack of inputs and human resources made it difficult to resumption of service. It's relevant for practice to develop actions and strategies that encourage the performance of the exam, in order to reduce morbidity and mortality from this neoplasm.

Cuidado cultural em região de fronteira: perspectiva de enfermeiros da atenção primária à saúde / Cultural care in a border region: perspective of primary health care nurses / Cuidado cultural en una región fronteriza: perspectiva de enfermeros de la atención primaria de salud

Objetivo: conhecer a perspectiva de enfermeiros sobre cultura e cuidado cultural em município de fronteira e sua formação para realizar o cuidado culturalmente congruente. Método: estudo exploratório-descritivo, conduzido à luz da Teoria Transcultural do Cuidado. Realizadas entrevistas com 18 enfermeiros da atenção primária de Foz do Iguaçu-PR, entre janeiro de 2020 e janeiro de 2021, submetidas à análise de conteúdo. Resultados: as categorias de análise mostraram que, para os enfermeiros, o indivíduo traz consigo sua cultura, apreendida em seu meio, ao nascimento e passa de geração em geração. Considerações finais: ser profissional em região de fronteira interfere na perspectiva das diferenças culturais, as quais se relacionam num processo de interculturalidade, tornando-se relevante conhecer a população, seus hábitos e crenças para preservá-los nas ações de cuidado. Enfermeiros migrantes na região do estudo buscam conhecer a população, seus hábitos e crenças para preservá-los nas ações de cuidado(AU)

Objective: to know the perspective of nurses on culture and cultural care in a border town and their training to provide culturally congruent care. Method: exploratory-descriptive study, conducted in the light of the Transcultural Theory of Care. Interviews were conducted with 18 primary care nurses in Foz do Iguaçu-PR, between January 2020 and January 2021, submitted to content analysis. Results: the analysis categories showed that, for nurses, the individual brings with him his culture, apprehended in his environment, at birth and passed from generation to generation. Final considerations: being a professional in a border region interferes with the perspective of cultural differences, which are related in an intercultural process, making it relevant to know the population, their habits and beliefs to preserve them in care actions. Migrant nurses in the study region seek to know the population, their habits and beliefs to preserve them in care actions(AU)

Objetivo: conocer la perspectiva de los enfermeros sobre la cultura y el cuidado cultural en una localidad fronteriza y su formación para brindar un cuidado culturalmente congruente. Método: estudio exploratorio-descriptivo, realizado a la luz de la Teoría del Cuidado Transcultural. Se realizaron entrevistas junto a 18 enfermeros de atención primaria en Foz do Iguazú-Paraná, entre enero de 2020 y enero de 2021, y se sometieron al análisis de contenido. Resultados: las categorías de análisis mostraron que, según los enfermeros, el individuo lleva consigo su cultura, aprehendida en su entorno al nacer y transmitida de generación en generación. Consideraciones finales: ser profesional en una región fronteriza interfiere con la perspectiva de las diferencias culturales, que se relacionan en un proceso intercultural y se vuelve relevante conocer a la población, sus hábitos y creencias para preservarlos en las acciones de cuidado. Los enfermeros migrantes en la región de estudio tratan de conocer a la población, sus hábitos y creencias para preservarlos en las acciones de cuidado(AU)