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BACKGROUND: The effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) in gallbladder cancer (GBC) patients remains controversial. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of NACT on overall survival (OS) and cancer specific survival (CSS) in patients with localized or locoregionally advanced GBC, and to explore possible protective predictors for prognosis. METHODS: Data for patients with localized or locoregionally advanced GBC (i.e., categories cTx-cT4, cN0-2, and cM0) from 2004 to 2020 were collected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Patients in the NACT and non-NACT groups were propensity score matched (PSM) 1:3, and the Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test were performed to analyze the impact of NACT on OS and CSS. Univariable and multivariable Cox regression models were applied to identify the possible prognostic factors. Subgroup analysis was conducted to identify patients who would benefit from NACT. RESULTS: Of the 2676 cases included, 78 NACT and 234 non-NACT patients remained after PSM. In localized or locoregionally advanced GBC patients, the median OS of the NACT and non-NACT was 31 and 16 months (log-rank P < 0.01), and the median CSS of NACT and non-NACT was 32 and 17 months (log-rank P < 0.01), respectively. Longer median OS (31 vs 17 months, log-rank P < 0.01) and CSS (32 vs 20 months, log-rank P < 0.01) was associated with NACT compared with surgery alone. Multivariable Cox regression analysis showed that NACT, stage, and surgery type were prognostic factors for OS and CSS in GBC patients. Subgroup analysis revealed that the survival hazard ratios (HRs) of NACT vs non-NACT for localized or locoregionally advanced GBC patients were significant in most subgroups. CONCLUSIONS: NACT may provide therapeutic benefits for localized or locoregionally advanced GBC patients, especially for those with advanced stage, node-positive, poorly differentiated or undifferentiated disease. NACT combined with radical surgery was associated with a survival advantage. Therefore, NACT combined with surgery may provide a better treatment option for resectable GBC patients.
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Neoplasias da Vesícula Biliar , Terapia Neoadjuvante , Pontuação de Propensão , Programa de SEER , Humanos , Neoplasias da Vesícula Biliar/patologia , Neoplasias da Vesícula Biliar/mortalidade , Neoplasias da Vesícula Biliar/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias da Vesícula Biliar/terapia , Feminino , Masculino , Terapia Neoadjuvante/métodos , Terapia Neoadjuvante/estatística & dados numéricos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prognóstico , Idoso , Quimioterapia Adjuvante/estatística & dados numéricos , Quimioterapia Adjuvante/métodos , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Estimativa de Kaplan-MeierRESUMO
The releasing of transgenic soybeans (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) into farming systems raises concerns that transgenes might escape from the soybeans via pollen into their endemic wild relatives, the wild soybean (Glycine soja Sieb. et Zucc.). The fitness of F1 hybrids obtained from 10 wild soybean populations collected from China and transgenic glyphosate-resistant soybean was measured without weed competition, as well as one JLBC-1 F1 hybrid under weed competition. All crossed seeds emerged at a lower rate from 13.33-63.33%. Compared with those of their wild progenitors, most F1 hybrids were shorter, smaller, and with decreased aboveground dry biomass, pod number, and 100-seed weight. All F1 hybrids had lower pollen viability and filled seeds per plant. Finally, the composite fitness of nine F1 hybrids was significantly lower. One exceptional F1 hybrid was IMBT F1, in which the composite fitness was 1.28, which was similar to that of its wild progenitor due to the similarities in pod number, increased aboveground dry biomass, and 100-seed weight. Under weed competition, plant height, aboveground dry biomass, pod number per plant, filled seed number per plant, and 100-seed weight of JLBC-1 F1 were lower than those of the wild progenitor JLBC-1. JLBC-1 F1 hybrids produced 60 filled seeds per plant. Therefore, F1 hybrids could emerge and produce offspring. Thus, effective measures should be taken to prevent gene flow from transgenic soybean to wild soybean to avoid the production F1 hybrids when releasing transgenic soybean in fields in the future.
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Aptidão Genética/genética , Genética Populacional , Glycine max/genética , Plantas Geneticamente Modificadas/genética , Biomassa , Fluxo Gênico , Hibridização Genética , Herança Materna/genética , Plantas Geneticamente Modificadas/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Sementes/genética , Sementes/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Glycine max/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Transgenes/genéticaRESUMO
BACKGROUNDS: Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are essential factors that regulate tumor development and metastasis via diverse molecular mechanisms in a broad type of cancers. However, the pathological roles of lncRNAs in gallbladder carcinoma (GBC) remain largely unknown. Here we discovered a novel lncRNA termed lncRNA Highly expressed in GBC (lncRNA-HGBC) which was upregulated in GBC tissue and aimed to investigate its role and regulatory mechanism in the development and progression of GBC. METHODS: The expression level of lncRNA-HGBC in GBC tissue and different cell lines was determined by quantitative real-time PCR. The full length of lncRNA-HGBC was obtained by 5' and 3' rapid amplification of the cDNA ends (RACE). Cellular localization of lncRNA-HGBC was detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) assays and subcellular fractionation assay. In vitro and in vivo assays were preformed to explore the biological effects of lncRNA-HGBC in GBC cells. RNA pull-down assay, mass spectrometry, and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay were used to identify lncRNA-HGBC-interacting proteins. Dual luciferase reporter assays, AGO2-RIP, and MS2-RIP assays were performed to verify the interaction between lncRNA-HGBC and miR-502-3p. RESULTS: We found that lncRNA-HGBC was upregulated in GBC and its upregulation could predict poor survival. Overexpression or knockdown of lncRNA-HGBC in GBC cell lines resulted in increased or decreased, respectively, cell proliferation and invasion in vitro and in xenografted tumors. LncRNA-HGBC specifically bound to RNA binding protein Hu Antigen R (HuR) that in turn stabilized lncRNA-HGBC. LncRNA-HGBC functioned as a competitive endogenous RNA to bind to miR-502-3p that inhibits target gene SET. Overexpression, knockdown or mutation of lncRNA-HGBC altered the inhibitory effects of miR-502-3p on SET expression and downstream activation of AKT. Clinically, lncRNA-HGBC expression was negatively correlated with miR-502-3p, but positively correlated with SET and HuR in GBC tissue. CONCLUSIONS: Our study demonstrates that lncRNA-HGBC promotes GBC metastasis via activation of the miR-502-3p-SET-AKT cascade, pointing to lncRNA-HGBC as a new prognostic predictor and a therapeutic target.
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Proteínas de Ligação a DNA/genética , Proteína Semelhante a ELAV 1/genética , Neoplasias da Vesícula Biliar/genética , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , Chaperonas de Histonas/genética , MicroRNAs/genética , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-akt/genética , RNA Longo não Codificante/genética , Adulto , Idoso , Biomarcadores Tumorais , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Proliferação de Células , Proteínas de Ligação a DNA/metabolismo , Progressão da Doença , Feminino , Neoplasias da Vesícula Biliar/metabolismo , Neoplasias da Vesícula Biliar/patologia , Chaperonas de Histonas/metabolismo , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Metástase Neoplásica , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Prognóstico , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-akt/metabolismo , Interferência de RNARESUMO
BACKGROUND: Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is an aggressive and highly lethal biliary tract malignancy, with extremely poor prognosis. In the present study, we analyzed the potential involvement of MYBL2, a member of the Myb transcription factor family, in the carcinogenesis of human GBC. METHODS: MYBL2 expression levels were measured in GBC and cholecystitis tissue specimens using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and immunohistochemical (IHC) assays. The effects of MYBL2 on cell proliferation and DNA synthesis were evaluated using Cell Counting Kit-8 assay (CCK-8), colony formation, and 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) retention assay, flow cytometry analysis, western blot, and a xenograft model of GBC cells in nude mice. RESULTS: MYBL2 expression was increased in GBC tissues and associated with histological differentiation, tumour invasion, clinical stage and unfavourable overall survival in GBC patients. The downregulation of MYBL2 expression resulted in the inhibition of GBC cell proliferation, and DNA replication in vitro, and the growth of xenografted tumours in nude mice. Conversely, MYBL2 overexpression resulted in the opposite effects. CONCLUSIONS: MYBL2 overexpression promotes GBC cell proliferation through the regulation of the cell cycle at the S and G2/M phase transitions. Thus, MYBL2 could serve as a potential prognostic and therapeutic biomarker in GBC patients.
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Biomarcadores Tumorais/biossíntese , Proteínas de Ciclo Celular/biossíntese , Proliferação de Células , Neoplasias da Vesícula Biliar , Proteínas de Neoplasias/biossíntese , Transativadores/biossíntese , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Animais , Intervalo Livre de Doença , Feminino , Seguimentos , Neoplasias da Vesícula Biliar/metabolismo , Neoplasias da Vesícula Biliar/mortalidade , Neoplasias da Vesícula Biliar/patologia , Humanos , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Nus , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Taxa de SobrevidaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Casticin, the flavonoid extracted from Vitex rotundifolia L, exerts various biological effects, including anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activity. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects and mechanisms of casticin in human gallbladder cancer cells. METHODS: Human NOZ and SGC996 cells were used to perform the experiments. CCK-8 assay and colony formation assay were performed to evaluate cell viability. Cell cycle analyses and annexin V/PI staining assay for apoptosis were measured using flow cytometry. Western blot analysis was used to evaluate the changes in protein expression, and the effect of casticin treatment in vivo was experimented with xenografted tumors. RESULTS: In this study, we found that casticin significantly inhibited gallbladder cancer cell proliferation in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Casticin also induced G0/G1 arrest and mitochondrial-related apoptosis by upregulating Bax, cleaved caspase-3, cleaved caspase-9 and cleaved poly ADP-ribose polymerase expression, and by downregulating Bcl-2 expression. Moreover, casticin induced cycle arrest and apoptosis by upregulating p27 and downregulating cyclinD1/cyclin-dependent kinase4 and phosphorylated protein kinase B. In vivo, casticin inhibited tumor growth. CONCLUSION: Casticin induces G0/G1 arrest and apoptosis in gallbladder cancer, suggesting that casticin might represent a novel and effective agent against gallbladder cancer.
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This study conducted a 30-day feeding trial and a subsequent 20-day anti-virus infection trial to determine the effects of probiotic Bacillus PC465 on the growth, health status, and disease resistance of Litopenaeus vannamei. Shrimp samples were fed with three practical diets prepared from shrimp feed containing varying probiotic doses [0 (control), 10(7), and 10(9) CFU g(-1)]. Probiotic supplementation significantly increased the weight gain and survival of L. vannamei (p < 0.05). The effect of 10(9) CFU g(-1) on the growth rate was higher than that of 10(7) CFU g(-1). Compared with those in the control group, the activities of digestive enzymes, such as amylase, protease, and lipase, in the shrimp mid-gut significantly increased in the probiotic-fed groups on days 15 and 30, except lipase on day 30. The influence of 10(9) CFU g(-1) on enzyme activities was also greater than that of 10(7) CFU g(-1). Scanning electron microscopy revealed folds and large ravines across the interior surface of the mid-gut, and the number of these folds and ravines increased significantly after the probiotic was administered. The probiotic treatment significantly (p < 0.05) enhanced the transcription of penaeidin 3a (Pen-3a), peroxinectin, C-type lectin 3 (Lec-3), and thioredoxin (Trx) in the hemocytes of L. vannamei. Likewise, probiotic treatment increased the transcription of hemocyanin in the hepatopancreas of L. vannamei. The probiotic treatment also significantly increased the transcription of prophenoloxidase (proPO) but decreased the transcription of crustin in hemocytes. By contrast, the same treatment failed to increase the transcription of Ras-related protein (Rab-6) in hemocytes. The number of species and biomass of Bacillus in the mid-gut were higher in the probiotic-fed group than in the control group. The total biomass of microbes was higher in the shrimp fed with 10(7) CFU g(-1) than in the shrimp fed with 10(9) CFU g(-1) and the control group on days 15 and 30 post-feeding. In two white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) infections, the weight gain, survival, and WSSV copies within the gills of the probiotic-treated shrimp significantly differed (p < 0.05) from those of the control group. Relatively efficient protection was associated with probiotic feeding. Results suggested that Bacillus PC465 feeding improves the growth performance, survival, digestion, and nutrient absorption of L. vannamei. Probiotic treatment also enhances the microbial structures in the gut, promotes the immune status of shrimp, and provides protection against viral infection. The supplementation with 10(9) CFU g(-1) can also improve the growth and survival of L. vannamei.
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Bacillus/imunologia , Penaeidae/imunologia , Penaeidae/virologia , Probióticos , Vírus da Síndrome da Mancha Branca 1/fisiologia , Ração Animal/análise , Animais , Dieta , Penaeidae/microbiologiaRESUMO
Oral and pharyngeal cancer is the sixth most common cancer worldwide, the 5-year survival rate has not yet increased. A key factor in rates not having improved is the lack of early detection. This study was undertaken to estimate the diagnostic accuracy of brush biopsy with DNA-image cytometry (a noninvasive method) for potentially malignant oral disorders compared with tissue biopsy pathology in China. Exfoliative cells were obtained using a cytobrush cell collector from oral mucosa of 52 subjects, followed by scalpel biopsy from the same region. Nuclear DNA contents (ploidy) were measured after Feulgen restaining, using an automated DNA image cytometer. Exfoliative cytology with DNA-image cytometry and histopathological diagnosis were performed separately at different institutions. Histological investigation was considered the gold standard. We reported that the sensitivity of DNA aneuploidy for the detection of cancer cells in potentially malignant oral disorders was 86.36 %, its specificity was 90.00 %, its positive predictive value was 86.36 %, and its negative predictive value was 90.00 %. Brush biopsy with DNA-image cytometry is a useful method for monitoring potentially malignant oral disorders.
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Biópsia/métodos , Transformação Celular Neoplásica/patologia , DNA de Neoplasias/análise , Diagnóstico Precoce , Mucosa Bucal/patologia , Neoplasias Bucais/patologia , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Progressão da Doença , Feminino , Citometria de Fluxo , Humanos , Citometria por Imagem , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neoplasias Bucais/genética , Curva ROC , Adulto JovemRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of hepatitis B virus-encoded X protein (HBx) on the expression of host-encoded suppressor of cytokine signaling-1 (SOCS-1) and to explore the possibility of an underlying mechanism involving modulation of CpG island methylation in the SOCS-1 gene promoter. METHODS: The immortalized human derived non-tumor liver cell line QSG7701 was transfected with a recombinant HBx plasmid (pcDNA-X) or an empty vector control plasmid (pcDNA3.0) and stably transfected clones were selected by G418 resistance screening. Untransfected cells served as negative controls. Expression of SOCS-1 mRNA and protein was detected by real-time quantitative PCR and western blotting. The methylation status of SOCS-1 was detected by methylation-specific PCR (MSP). The significance of intergroup differences was analyzed by one-way ANOVA or pairwise comparison with post-hoc LSD test. RESULTS: SOCS-1 mRNA level was significantly lower in the pcDNA-X/QSG7701 cells compared to that in the pcDNA3.0/QSG7701 and untransfected cells (0.3249+/-0.0536 vs. 1.0543+/-0.1937 and 1.00; F = 19.6, P = 0.042). SOCS-1 protein level was similarly lower in the pcDNA-X/QSG7701 cells (0.1496+/-0.0106 vs. 0.1984+/-0.0438 and 0.2152+/-0.0816; F = 19.4, P = 0.048). The SOCS-1 promoter region showed methylation only in the pcDNA-X/QSG7701 cells. CONCLUSION: HBx-expressing human hepatocytes have down-regulated SOCS-1 expression, both at the mRNA and protein levels, and this effect corresponds to increased methylation in the SOCS-1 promoter region harboring CpG islands.
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Metilação de DNA , Proteínas Supressoras da Sinalização de Citocina/metabolismo , Transativadores/metabolismo , Linhagem Celular , Ilhas de CpG , Humanos , Plasmídeos , Regiões Promotoras Genéticas , RNA Mensageiro/genética , Proteína 1 Supressora da Sinalização de Citocina , Transativadores/genética , Transfecção , Proteínas Virais Reguladoras e AcessóriasRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Colonoscopy is widely used for examination, diagnosis, and treatment because of its low incidence of associated complications. Post-colonoscopy appendicitis (PCA) is very rare and is easily misdiagnosed as electrocoagulation syndrome or colon perforation. Therefore, clinicians should pay close attention to this complication. CASE SUMMARY: A 47-year-old female patient underwent a colonoscopy for a systematic physical examination, and the procedure was uneventful with normal endoscopic and histologic findings. However, the bowel preparation was suboptimal (Boston 2-3-2). After the examination, the patient experienced pain in the lower abdomen, which progressively worsened. Computed tomography of the lower abdomen and pelvis revealed appendiceal calcular obstruction and appendicitis. As the patient refused surgery, she was managed with antibiotics and recovered well. CONCLUSION: In the current literature, the definition of PCA remains unclear. However, abdominal pain after colonoscopy should be differentiated from acute appendicitis.
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The commercial cultivation of herbicide-resistant (HR) transgenic soybeans (Glycine max L. Merr.) raises great concern that transgenes may introgress into wild soybeans (Glycine soja Sieb. et Zucc.) via pollen-mediated gene flow, which could increase the ecological risks of transgenic weed populations and threaten the genetic diversity of wild soybean. To assess the fitness of hybrids derived from transgenic HR soybean and wild soybean, the F2 and F3 descendants of crosses of the HR soybean line T14R1251-70 and two wild soybeans (LNTL and JLBC, which were collected from LiaoNing TieLing and JiLin BaiCheng, respectively), were planted along with their parents in wasteland or farmland soil, with or without weed competition. The fitness of F2 and F3 was significantly increased compared to the wild soybeans under all test conditions, and they also showed a greater competitive ability against weeds. Seeds produced by F2 and F3 were superficially similar to wild soybeans in having a hard seed coat; however, closer morphological examination revealed that the hard-seededness was lower due to the seed coat structure, specifically the presence of thicker hourglass cells in seed coat layers and lower Ca content in palisade epidermis. Hybrid descendants containing the cp4-epsps HR allele were able to complete their life cycle and produce a large number of seeds in the test conditions, which suggests that they would be able to survive in the soil beyond a single growing season, germinate, and grow under suitable conditions. Our findings indicate that the hybrid descendants of HR soybean and wild soybean may pose potential ecological risks in regions of soybean cultivation where wild soybean occurs.
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Background: Pancreatic fistula (PF) is the main complication in patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy. Computed tomography (CT) value can reflect pancreatic tissue characteristics which is related to PF. This study was designed to study the relationship between the preoperative CT value and pancreatic fistula. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the clinical and medical data of patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy from 2017 to 2021. The pancreatic CT value and the CT value ratios of the pancreas and abdominal aorta (PCT/ACT) were measured and compared between the PF group and non-PF group. The values in different PF severity groups were compared using variance analysis. A cut-off value was selected by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Single-factor and multiple-factor analysis were performed to evaluate Correlation between PF and CT. Results: One hundred and twenty-seven cases were included in this study. The PCT/ACT in the PF group was significantly lower than that in the non-PF group (P<0.001), and the PCT/ACT value was correlatively lower in the severe PF group than in the mild PF group (P=0.008). A cutoff value of 0.99 was selected by ROC curves analysis. Further multifactor analysis identified PCT/ACT <0.99 to be an independent preoperative predictor [odds ratio (OR): 11.3, P<0.01]. Conclusions: The preoperative pancreatic CT value can indirectly reflect the histological condition of the pancreas and thus may related to postoperative PF after pancreaticoduodenectomy and provide useful information for surgeons in deciding upon the pancreaticojejunostomy method.
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BACKGROUND: Three-dimensional visualization preoperative evaluation (3D-VPE) and enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) have been suggested to improve outcomes of cancer surgery in patients, yet little is known regarding their clinical benefit in patients with gallbladder cancer (GBC). We hypothesized that the combination of 3D-VPE and ERAS would improve the outcome of patients undergoing surgery for GBC. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine if 3D-VPE and ERAS can improve the outcomes and overall survival in patients with GBC, establishing a novel patient management strategy for GBC. METHODS: A total of 227 patients with GBC were recruited and divided into two groups: those who received traditional treatment between January 2000 and December 2010 (n = 86; the control group) and those who underwent 3D-VPE and ERAS between January 2011 and December 2017 (n = 141). Univariate and multivariate analyses were employed to assess the relationship among disease stages, lymph node invasion, and cell differentiation between the two groups. Cox regression analysis was used to investigate patient survival in these groups. RESULTS: Patients who underwent 3D-VPE and ERAS showed a significantly higher R0 resection rate (67.4% vs. 20.9%, p < 0.001) and dissected lymph node number (26.6 ± 12.6 vs. 16.3 ± 7.6 p < 0.001) compared to the control group. The median survival was 27.4 months, and the 1- and 3-year survival rates were 84.4% and 29.8%, respectively, in patients who received combined management; in the control cohort, the median survival was 12.7 months, and the 1- and 3-year survival rates were 53.5% and 15.1%, respectively. In addition, some postoperative complications and risk factors were diminished relative to the traditionally treated patients. CONCLUSION: The implementation of 3D-VPE and ERAS can significantly improve the prognosis and outcomes of patients with GBC and should be considered for wide use in clinical practice.
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BACKGROUND: The first-line chemotherapy regimen for advanced gallbladder cancer (GBC) is gemcitabine plus platinum (GP), despite its efficacy is limited. The current investigation is a retrospective study to compare the safety and efficacy between the modified FOLFIRINOX (mFOLFIRINOX) and gemcitabine plus oxaliplatin (GEMOX) as the first-line chemotherapy for unresectable locally advanced or metastatic GBC. METHODS: The data of patients with unresectable locally advanced or metastatic GBC, who were treated with mFOLFIRINOX or GEMOX as the first-line therapy between April 2014 and April 2018 at Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, were retrieved. This retrospective study evaluated the clinical characteristics, survival outcomes and adverse events. RESULTS: A total of 44 patients (n=25 in mFOLFIRINOX, n=19 in GEMOX) were included. There were no significant differences between groups in baseline characteristics. The median progression free survival (mPFS) was 5.0 months in the mFOLFIRINOX group and 2.5 months in the GEMOX group [P=0.021; hazard ratio (HR), 0.499; 95% CI, 0.266 to 0.937]. The median overall survival (mOS) was 9.5 months in the mFOLFIRINOX group and 7.0 months in the GEMOX group (P=0.019; HR, 0.471; 95% CI, 0.239 to 0.929). Disease control rate (DCR) was 76.0% in the mFOLFIRINOX group and 47.4% in the GEMOX group (P=0.051). The rate of grade 3-4 adverse events was 48% in the mFOLFIRINOX group and 36.8% in the GEMOX group (P=0.459). The incidence of grade 3-4 neutropenia and diarrhea were more common in the mFOLFIRINOX group, while the incidence of grade 3-4 thrombocytopenia and peripheral neuropathy were more common in the GEMOX group. CONCLUSIONS: mFOLFIRINOX might improve the poor prognosis of unresectable locally advanced or metastatic GBC, and the results need to be further verified by prospective clinical studies.
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Oral squamous cell carcinoma is a challenging oncology problem. A reliable biomarker for metastasis or high-risk prognosis in oral cancer patients remains undefined. Using quantitative immunohistochemistry, we examined the expression of vimentin, E-cadherin, and beta-catenin in 83 oral squamous cell carcinoma patients, and the relationships between the expression of these markers and specific clinicopathological features were analysed. The high expression of vimentin was observed in 23 of 43 (53%) tumours from patients who eventually developed a recurrent tumour and was associated with recurrence and death (P<0.001 and <0.001, respectively). The decreased expression of E-cadherin was observed in 36 of 43 (84%) tumours from patients who eventually developed a recurrent tumour and was also associated with recurrence and death (P<0.001 and <0.001, respectively). Although no correlation between beta-catenin expression in whole-tumour sections and clinicopathological features was observed, decreased beta-catenin expression at the tumour invasive front was closely associated with recurrence and death (P=0.002 and 0.002, respectively). The expression of vimentin and that of E-cadherin were associated with survival and were independent prognostic factors in univariate and multivariate analyses. Our data show that the overexpression of vimentin was closely associated with recurrence and death in oral squamous cell carcinoma patients. The combination of the upregulation of vimentin and aberrant expression of E-cadherin/beta-catenin complexes at the tumour invasive front may provide a useful prognostic marker in oral squamous cell carcinoma.
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Biomarcadores Tumorais/análise , Caderinas/biossíntese , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/metabolismo , Neoplasias Bucais/metabolismo , Vimentina/biossíntese , beta Catenina/biossíntese , Adulto , Idoso , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/mortalidade , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/patologia , Feminino , Humanos , Imuno-Histoquímica , Estimativa de Kaplan-Meier , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neoplasias Bucais/mortalidade , Neoplasias Bucais/patologia , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/metabolismo , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/patologia , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Prognóstico , Resultado do Tratamento , Regulação para CimaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Bilioenteric Roux-en-Y anastomosis is one of the most complicated approaches for reconstructing the gastrointestinal tract, and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is technically challenging in patients after bilioenteric Roux-en-Y anastomosis. The optimal endoscopic strategies for such cases remain unknown. AIM: To explore the feasibility and effectiveness of single balloon enteroscopy-assisted (SBE-assisted) therapeutic ERCP in patients after bilioenteric Roux-en-Y anastomosis based on multi-disciplinary collaboration between endoscopists and surgeons as well as report the experience from China. METHODS: This is a single center retrospective study. All of the SBE-assisted therapeutic ERCP procedures were performed by the collaboration between endoscopists and surgeons. The operation time, success rate, and complication rate were calculated. RESULTS: Forty-six patients received a total of 64 SBE-assisted therapeutic ERCP procedures, with successful scope intubation in 60 (93.8%) cases and successful diagnosis in 59 (92.2%). All successfully diagnosed cases received successful therapy. None of the cases had perforation or bleeding during or after operation, and no post-ERCP pancreatitis occurred. CONCLUSION: Based on multi-disciplinary collaboration, SBE-assisted therapeutic ERCP in patients after bilioenteric Roux-en-Y anastomosis is relatively safe and effective and has a high success rate.
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Anastomose em-Y de Roux/efeitos adversos , Doenças Biliares/cirurgia , Colangiopancreatografia Retrógrada Endoscópica/métodos , Pancreatopatias/cirurgia , Reoperação/métodos , Enteroscopia de Balão Único/métodos , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , China/epidemiologia , Colangiopancreatografia Retrógrada Endoscópica/efeitos adversos , Estudos de Viabilidade , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Duração da Cirurgia , Equipe de Assistência ao Paciente , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/epidemiologia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/etiologia , Reoperação/efeitos adversos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Enteroscopia de Balão Único/efeitos adversosRESUMO
Gallbladder carcinoma (GBC), the most common malignant tumour of the bile duct, is highly aggressive and has a poor prognosis. MicroRNA-30a-5p (miR-30a-5p) is an important tumour suppressor that participates in many aspects of carcinogenesis and cancer development. However, the role of miR-30a-5p in GBC development remains to be determined, as do the mechanisms underlying its effects in GBC. Using samples collected from 42 subjects with gallbladder carcinoma (GBC), we showed decreased miR-30a-5p expression in the primary lesions vs. non-tumour adjacent tissues (NATs). Decreased miR-30a-5p was associated with shorter disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). Inhibiting miR-30a-5p expression in 2 representative GBC cell lines (GBC-SD and NOZ) increased cell proliferation, migration, invasiveness, as well as ß-catenin nuclear translocation, vice versa. In nude mice, NOZ cells transfected with miR-30a-5p mimics grew slower (vs. miR-NC) upon subcutaneous inoculation, and had lower rate of hepatic metastasis upon spleen inoculation. Dual luciferase assay confirmed that E2F transcription factor 7 (E2F7) was a direct target of miR-30a-5p and antagonized the effects induced by miR-30a-5p downregulation in GBC cells. MiR-30a-5p attenuates the EMT and metastasis in GBC cells by targeting E2F7, suggesting miR-30a-5p is a tumour suppressor that may serve as a novel potential prognostic biomarker or molecular therapeutic target for GBC.
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Fator de Transcrição E2F7/genética , Neoplasias da Vesícula Biliar/genética , MicroRNAs/metabolismo , Adulto , Idoso , Animais , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Movimento Celular , Proliferação de Células , Fator de Transcrição E2F7/metabolismo , Feminino , Neoplasias da Vesícula Biliar/metabolismo , Neoplasias da Vesícula Biliar/patologia , Neoplasias da Vesícula Biliar/fisiopatologia , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , Humanos , Masculino , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , MicroRNAs/genética , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Metástase NeoplásicaRESUMO
Infectious hypodermal and hematopoietic necrosis virus is the causative agent of a shrimp disease which causes economic losses on a global scale. A pair of primers, I2814F/I3516R, was designed from the IHHNV genomic sequence (GenBank) that encodes for structural protein corresponding to nucleotides 2814-3516, which amplifies a 703 base pair (bp) region from the virus genome. PCR amplification with the primers generated a product of the expected size from the purified IHHNV DNA of Litopenaeus vannamei and IHHNV-infected penaeid populations but not from the IHHNV-free shrimp, white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) and hepatopancreatic parvovirus (HPV). The PCR amplicon described above was labeled with digoxigenin (DIG)-11-dUTP as a probe used for dot blot hybridization and in situ hybridization test. Under the optimized PCR conditions, the primers were detected by as little as 20 fg of purified IHHNV DNA, which contained only 8.83 x 10(3) copies of IHHNV, a 1000-fold greater than using dot blot hybridization. Sections of histopathology showed eosinophilic intranuclear inclusions (Cowdry type A inclusions or CAIs) in infected tissues while in situ hybridization, cells displayed an intense reaction with the DIG-labeled probe. PCR assay was developed to detect IHHNV in penaeid shrimp and other crustaceans from the rearing ponds of China (March 2001-June 2004). The positive rate was 51.5% (154 out of 299) and 8.3% (2 out of 24) for penaeid shrimp and crab samples, respectively. The survey demonstrated the presence of IHHNV in China.
Assuntos
Densovirinae/fisiologia , Penaeidae/virologia , Animais , Aquicultura , China , Primers do DNA/química , Densovirinae/isolamento & purificação , Hibridização In Situ , Reação em Cadeia da PolimeraseRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Wild Brassica juncea (L.) is a troublesome arable land weed and ruderal. It is critical to understand the responses of this weed to herbicides, because the assessment of its susceptibility profile has important ecological and evolutionary consequences for future cultivation of herbicide-tolerant oilseed rape. The response of 31 wild populations from different geographic origins in China to glyphosate was evaluated with two bioassay methods, and variable responses were found in initial studies. Dose-response assays were conducted to characterize the extreme populations further, and shikimate accumulation in vivo was determined using a spectrophotometric method. RESULTS: On the basis of ID(50) values, the resistance ratios (R/S) were 5.85 and 4.19 for two glyphosate-resistant B. juncea populations in germination tests, whereas they were 4 times more resistant to glyphosate in spray tests. There were differences in shikimate accumulation patterns between the two biotypes. Shikimate concentrations in resistant populations began to decline from 6 days after treatment (DAT), while they increased continually in susceptible populations. CONCLUSION: The results obtained suggest that the populations responded differentially to glyphosate, and this variability may provide the genetic basis for evolution of individuals with increased resistance to glyphosate, with important implications for herbicide resistance management, especially in the context of risk assessment of glyphosate-tolerant crops.
Assuntos
Glicina/análogos & derivados , Herbicidas/farmacologia , Mostardeira/efeitos dos fármacos , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Glicina/administração & dosagem , Glicina/farmacologia , Resistência a Herbicidas/genética , Herbicidas/administração & dosagem , Mostardeira/genética , Mostardeira/metabolismo , Ácido Chiquímico/metabolismo , GlifosatoRESUMO
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Tongxinluo (TXL), a compound prescription, is formulated according to the collateral disease doctrine of traditional Chinese medicine, and is widely used for the treatment of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases in China. AIM OF THE STUDY: We aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effect of TXL on focal cerebral ischemia and reperfusion injury in rats by attenuating its brain damage and neuronal apoptosis, and to assess the potential role of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) pathway in this protection. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Adult Male Sprague-Dawley rats (n=120) were randomly divided into 5 groups: sham, cerebral ischemia and reperfusion (I/R), cerebral ischemia and reperfusion plus TXL (1.6g/kg/day) (TXL1.6), TXL1.6 plus LY294002 and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) (TXL1.6+LY294002), TXL1.6 plus DMSO (TXL1.6+vehicle). Prior to the grouping, TXL1.6 was selected to be the optimal dose of TXL by evaluating the neurological deficits score of five group rats (Sham, I/R, TXL0.4, TXL0.8 and TXL1.6, n=30) at 0, 1, 3, 5, and 7 days after reperfusion. Rats, being subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) for 90min followed by 24h reperfusion, were the cerebral ischemia/reperfusion models. At 24h after reperfusion, cerebral infarct area was measured via tetrazolium staining and neuronal damage was showed by Nissl staining. The double staining of Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine 5-triphosphate nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining and immunofluorescence labeling with NeuN, was performed to evaluate neuronal apoptosis. Proteins involved in PI3K/Akt pathway were detected by Western blot. RESULTS: The results showed that TXL markedly improved neurological function, reduced cerebral infarct area, decreased neuronal damage, and significantly attenuated neuronal apoptosis, while these effects were eliminated by inhibition of PI3K/Akt with LY294002. We also found that TXL up-regulated the expression levels of p-PDK1, p-Akt, p-c-Raf, p-BAD and down-regulated Cleaved caspase 3 expression notably, which were partially reversed by LY294002. Additionally, the increment of p-PTEN level on which LY294002 had little effect was also detected in response to TXL treatment. CONCLUSIONS: These findings demonstrated that TXL provided neuroprotection against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury and neuronal apoptosis, and this effect was mediated partly by activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway.