Clinical Aspects of Pterygium in the Presence of Cataract.

Two of the most common UV-induced eye affections are pterygium and cataract. They are both defined as progressive diseases that impair patients' vision and share some common elements in their evolution process. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the presence of cataract influences the clinical signs and symptoms of patients with pterygium. Therefore, we have analyzed 84 patients with pterygium, among which 23 also presented cataract, as an overall study lot, as well as divided by age decades. We have determined that almost all patients with both pterygium and cataract declared extensive UV exposure in antecedents and have also reported a blurred vision. We found no correlation between the presence of cataract and the size of pterygium lesions, or symptoms like foreign body sensation, tearing or symblepharon.

Variability of Normal Values of Electroretinogram Parameters Due to Aging in Healthy Individuals.

Aim- To find normal values of implicit time and amplitudes of full-field electroretinogram and to determine their changes with age in healthy Romanian subjects. Material and Methods- The prospective study included 59 healthy subjects aged between 20 and 80 years old; in the end, we had valid ERG recordings for all tests from 54 subjects. All of the participants underwent full-field ERG, recorded with Metrovision MonPack One system. The implicit times and amplitudes were analyzed for a and b waves in dark-adapted 0.01 ERG, dark-adapted 3.0 ERG, dark-adapted oscillatory potentials, light-adapted 3.0 ERG, and 30Hz flicker ERG according to International Society for Clinical Electrophysiology of Vision (ISCEV) protocols. Results- ERG latency values were bigger in subjects above 50 years old than in younger subjects for b wave in dark adapted 0.01, dark adapted 3.0, light adapted 3.0 and dark adapted 3.0 flicker and for a wave in dark adapted 0.01 and dark adapted 3.0 ERG. There was no significant difference in latency values for dark adapted 3.0 oscillatory potentials between young and old subjects. Because of increased variability, we could not prove that observed differences for amplitudes held statistical significance. Conclusions- This study proves there is a major loss in retinal activity due to aging, most of it being caused by the rod cells delayed response. Also, oscillatory potentials do not seem to be affected by age, and could prove a valuable test to investigate for changes in patients with Diabetes mellitus.

[Bilateral transverse optic neuropathy]. / Neuropatie optica transversa bilaterala.

It shows a clinical observation about optical anterior juxtabulbar bilateral neuropathy, with superacute debut, rapid and dramatic evolution in the first days, at a young woman. The disease established the marked diminuation of the visual acuity and the collapse of the visual field. The evolution was favourably under the cortisone therapy, establishing the total recovering of the visual function. Are discussed appearances about etiology and clinical specific features of optical juxtabulbar neuropathy, considering this isolated optical neuropathy like a first attack in evolution of one sclerosis in plaques.

[Pathology of posterior capsule, a literature review]. / Patologia sacului cristalinian o trecere în revista a literaturii.

The posterior capsule opacification (PCO) is a frequent complication in the modern cataract surgery, uncomfortable for the patient and expensive for the health care system. According to prof. Apple, the main health care expenditure in U.S. is represented by cataract surgery, laser capsulotomy for PCO ranking next. Under these circumstances, it is not surprising that the lens bag pathology and the prevention of aftercataract hold the attention of many research groups all over the world. This paper is a literature review of the last 15 years, presenting the data we have considered to be the most significant.

[Pigmentary tumors of the conjunctiva in children: analysis of surgical decision]. / Tumorile pigmentare ale conjunctivei la copii: o analiza a deciziei chirurgicale.

Pigmentary tumors of the conjunctiva are rare in children, but they deserve special attention as, under some circumstances, they can question the quo ad vitam prognosis. The management of these tumors is controversial because the clinical diagnosis is uncertain, not reliable for a long term evolution prognosis. In this study, after a short review of the literature, the authors present their own experience in the field (47 cases during the last 10 years, out of which 18 underwent surgery) and they try to develop an algorithm of surgical decision based on age-related factors, clinical appearance, aesthetic factors and on the possibility of establishing a good relationship with the patient and the family.

[Yag-Nd posterior capsulotomy.When? Where? How?]. / Capsulotomia posterioara Yag:Nd. Când? Unde? Cum?

PURPOSE: To answer a few elementary questions raised when confronted with the patient with aftercataract: Which are the indications and counter indications of the posterior capsulotomy? How can be evaluated the degree of PCO (posterior capsule opacification)? Which are the ideal size and location of the capsular opening? Is it mandatory to dilate the pupil? What energies are to be used? Which would be the recommended follow-up pattern? METHOD: This paper is a retrospective analysis of the 956 posterior capsulotomies performed between January 2001 and December 2002 at Bucharest Eye Hospital, Ophthalmology III Clinic, Nd:Yag laser surgery department. RESULTS: The best outcome is obtained with the fewest complications when the following conditions are met: the capsulotomy is performed no sooner than 6 months postoperatively; the capsular opening is small--2 mm în diameter--but perfectly aligned relative to the pupil and the IOL (sometimes this is difficult to achieve and the surgeon must always bare în mind the geometry of the posterior chamber and the parallax effect); laser pulses have low energy and are posteriorly defocused; when energy higher than 2 mJ is employed, the capsulotomy is performed by applying punctures în a circular pattern instead of a crosslike rectilinear pattern (in the case of IOL pitting, the visual axis is spared). CONCLUSION: The Nd:Yag photodisruptive laser offers a swift, safe and elegant method for dealing with a common and disturbing complication of the modern cataract surgery, the posterior capsule opacification. The results are often spectacular from the patient's point of view, but one should not neglect the risks related to the posterior capsulotomy.

[Carcinoma of the lacrimal sac]. / Carcinomul sacului lacrimal.

The present paper reports on the case of a 63 year-old woman twice operated for chronic suppurated dacryocystitis. At the third operation the lacrimal sac which was enlarged and rigid was removed. Section of the sac revealed a pinkish-grey formation that occupied the entire lumen of the sac. Histologic examination showed a poorly differentiated carcinoma with an islet-alveolar distribution. Stress is laid on the rare occurrence of primary malignant tumours of the lacrimal sac and the diagnostic difficulties in the onset period.