RESUMO
Genetic differences were examined among thirty-one elite inbred lines in Capsicum annuum L. Two types of analytic technologies, i.e. SRAP markers and genotypes of traits, were used, and their relative effectiveness was compared. 27 of 30 primer combinations could amplify 310 polymorphic bands among inbred lines, indicating SRAP marker was efficient to detect polymorphism among pepper inbred lines. A dendrogram of 31 inbred lines based on SRAP markers and Yule coefficients could basically separate lines of C. annuum var. grossum and C. annuum var. longum, and reveal the pedigrees of inbred lines. A dendrogram of 31 inbred lines based on genotypes of traits and standardized Euclidean coefficients could separate lines of C. annuum var. grossum and C. annuum var. longum. The SRAP marker genetic distances were correlated with distances based on the genotypes of traits. These results and their application in the development of hot pepper F1 hy-brids were also discussed.
Assuntos
Cruzamento , Capsicum/genética , Análise por Conglomerados , Marcadores Genéticos/genética , Genótipo , Hibridização Genética , Polimorfismo Genético , Análise de RegressãoAssuntos
Fraturas Ósseas/etiologia , Fraturas Ósseas/terapia , Pelve/lesões , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Criança , China , Desastres , Terremotos , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Resultado do Tratamento , Adulto JovemRESUMO
The carrier is the key influencers in moving bed biofilm reactor( MBBR), in this paper, a pilot scale apparatus was set up for treating municipal wastewater using modified cubic polyurethane carriers. For MBBR, the capacity of 3-3.5 t x d(-1), hydraulic residence time of 7-8 h, under the condition of continuous feed water (COD:140-280 mg x L(-1), NH4+ -N:30-50 mg x L(-1), TN: 45-65 mg x L(-1), TP:2.5-4.0 mg x L(-1)), the speed of biofilm formation and removal effects of COD, nitrogen and phosphorus were studied. After 140 days, the results showed that the formation of biofilm on the carrier was very quickly under 24-28 degrees C, and obtained stable treatment effect about 6 days. The COD, NH4+ -N, TN, TP average removal rates were 70%, 97%, 70%, 39%, respectively. As the temperature gradually decreased to about 12 degrees C, a high NH4+ -N removal rate (97%) could still be maintained, which indicating that the modified carrier can be achieved a high nitrification rate at low temperature.