Evaluation of dressings preventing facial medical device-related pressure injury in medical staff during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review and network meta-analysis.

AIM: This study systematically compared the efficacy of various dressings that may prevent facial medical device-related pressure injury (MRDPI) in medical staff during the COVID-19 pandemic. BACKGROUND: During the COVID-19 pandemic, medical staff who are required to wear masks, goggles and other personal protective equipment (PPE) are susceptible to facial MRDPI, which exacerbates working conditions. Dressings can effectively prevent or alleviate MRDPI, but it is unclear which dressings are most effective. DESIGN: A systematic review and network meta-analysis, in accordance with PRISMA. METHODS: A comprehensive literature search was conducted in four English and four Chinese databases to identify relevant studies published up to 8 September 2022. The selected studies were randomised controlled trials, with populations comprising medical staff who wore PPE during the COVID-19 pandemic and included an observation and control group. RESULTS: The network meta-analysis of the 12 selected articles showed that foam dressing, hydrocolloid dressing and petrolatum gauze were better than conventional protection for preventing MRDPI. The surface under the cumulative ranking curve indicated that foam dressing was the best preventative. CONCLUSION: Foam dressing is more effective than other dressings in preventing facial MRDPI in medical staff. When PPE must be worn for many hours, such as during the COVID-19 pandemic, medical staff can use foam dressings to prevent MRDPI. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: The results support the use of dressings, especially foam dressings, to prevent MRDPI in healthcare workers. The appropriate dressings are recommended to prevent MRDPI associated with wearing PPE.

New lead-free perovskite Rb7Bi3Cl16 nanocrystals with blue luminescence and excellent moisture-stability.

The development of nontoxic and stable all-inorganic perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) represents a major challenge to unlock widely practical applications in photoelectric fields. It is an effective strategy to discover nontoxic metal perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) with excellent optical properties. In addition, it has been proved that alkali metals such as rubidium (Rb) and potassium (K) have a good influence on improving the optical performance of perovskites. Hence, we reported new lead-free perovskite Rb7Bi3Cl16 single crystals, which displayed a zero-dimensional cluster structure and were composed of two kinds of octahedra with different distortions. At the same time, we synthesized its NCs, which showed a blue emission at 437 nm with a PLQY of 28.43% and presented a good optical and moisture stability for one month. The excellent moisture-stability might be attributed to their much higher ratio of Rb atoms and the ideal [BiCl6]3- octahedra on the surface, which are beneficial to form an inorganic BiOCl shell to protect the Rb7Bi3Cl16 NCs from moisture attack.

A new method for the preparation of a [Sn2(H2PO2)3]Br SHG-active polar crystal via surfactant-induced strategy.

Herein, unprecedented NLO-brominated tin hypophosphites, namely [Sn2(H2PO2)3]Br, were discovered via a facile surfactant-induced method, which displayed a moderate powder SHG intensity (3.0 × KDP) in type - I phase matching behavior. This complex has high chemical and thermal stability at room temperature. DFT calculations and SHG coefficient analyses revealed that the alignment of the SHG-active-units SnO3 trigonal pyramids and Br- anions in its structure mainly contribute to the macroscopical SHG behaviors.

Antioxidant properties of bio-active substances from shrimp head fermented by Bacillus licheniformis OPL-007.

Antioxidative activities were found in the culture supernatant of Bacillus licheniformis OPL-007 using shrimp head waste (SHW) as the sole carbon and nitrogen source. After optimizing fermentation conditions, some bio-active substances were determined from the broth. The contents of total phenols, polysaccharides, reducing sugars, free amino acids, and organic acids were 888.80, 402.74, 85.88, 2,061.79, and 5,426.74 mg/l, respectively. Moreover, the fermentation liquid was found rich in eight essential amino acids and non-protein amino acids. The antioxidant activity of the culture supernatant, in terms of the scavenging activity of DPPH radicals, reducing power, and metal chelating ability, was monitored, and the fermentation liquid showed a strong antioxidant capacity. The results indicate that bio-deproteinization of SHW by B. licheniformis OPL-007 can increase its antioxidant activity, and SHW has the potential application in the production of functional foods.