[Investigation on the formula of Fuyankang dispersed tablets].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the preparation technique and optimal formulation of Fuyankang dispersed tablets. METHOD: The formula of Fuyankang dispersed tablets were optimized in terms of disintegrating time by studying single factor and orthogonal design test. RESULT: The products formulated with the optimum techniques met the quality specification of dispersed tablets. The dissolubility of the optimized dispersed tables was obviously faster than that of common tablets. CONCLUSION: This prescription and technology of Fuyankang dispersed tablets are reasonable and effective.

Synthesis and herbicidal activity of isoindoline-1,3-dione substituted benzoxazinone derivatives containing a carboxylic ester group.

A carboxylic ester group was introduced to three series of isoindolinedione substituted benzoxazinone derivatives. Some of these analogues exhibited good herbicidal activities, and the injury symptoms against weeds included leaf cupping, crinkling, bronzing, and necrosis, typical of protox inhibitor herbicides. Structurally, they were classified as Chemical Group A (4-carboxylic ester group-6-isoindolinyl-benzoxazinones), B (4-carboxylic ester group-7-isoindolinyl-benzoxazinones), and C (4-carboxylic ester group-6- tetrahydroisoindolinyl-benzoxazinones). All of the tested compounds were structurally confirmed by (1)H NMR, IR, mass spectroscopy, and elemental analysis. Preliminary bioassay data of these three classes of compounds showed that, in general, the order of the herbicidal effectiveness is C > A > B. Several of the lead compounds, for example, C10 (methyl 2-(6-(1,3-dioxo-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-isoindol-2(3H)-yl)-7-fluoro-2-methyl-3-oxo-2H-benzo[b][1,4] oxazin-4(3H)-yl) propano-ate), C12 (ethyl 2-(6-(1,3-dioxo-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-isoindol-2(3H)-yl)-7-fluoro-2- methyl-3-oxo-2H-benzo[b][1,4]oxazin-4(3H)-yl) propanoate), and C13 (ethyl 2-(6-(1,3-dioxo-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-isoindol-2(3H)-yl)-7-fluoro-2-methyl-3-oxo-2H-benzo-[b][1,4]oxazin-4(3H)-yl) butanoate), exhibited greater than 80% control at 75 g a.i./ha in both pre- and postemergence treatments against dicotyledonous weeds, such as Abutilon theophrasti Medic, Chenopodium album L., and Amaranthus ascendens L., and monocotyledon weeds, such as Digitaria sanguinalis L., Echinochloa crus-galli L., and Setaria viridis L. On the basis of advanced screening tests and crop selectivity, compounds C10, C12, and C13 are safer to crops than flumioxazin. Compounds C10, C12, and C13 are potent to develop as pre-emergent herbicides used in peanut, soybean, maize, and cotton fields.

Adsorption behaviors of three polymeric adsorbents with amide groups for phenol in aqueous solution.

Efficient removal of phenol and its derivatives from wastewater is of significant environmental concern. In the present study, the adsorption behaviors of three polymeric adsorbents with amide groups, PMVBA, PMVBC, and PMVBU, for phenol were investigated in aqueous solution. The adsorption in relation to the solution pH value was discussed and the neutral pH was optimum. The adsorption dynamic cure was determined and it was shown that the pseudo-second-order rate equation characterized the adsorption better and the intraparticle diffusion was the rate-limiting step. The adsorption isotherms were measured and correlated to Freundlich isotherms, and it was shown that PMVBU held the largest adsorption capacity. The adsorption thermodynamic parameters were calculated and it was seen that the adsorption enthalpy of phenol onto the three adsorbents follows the order PMVBU>PMVBA>PMVBC. Analysis of the adsorption mechanism suggested that hydrogen bonding played a predominant role and multiple hydrogen bonding was involved for phenol and PMVBU.