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Objective: To analyze the survival benefits and treatment related toxic effects of simultaneous integrated boost intensity-modulated radiotherapy (SIB-RT) for non-operative esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients. Methods: The data of 2 132 ESCC patients who were not suitable for surgery or rejected operation, and underwent radical radiotherapy from 2002 to 2016 in 10 hospitals of Jing-Jin-Ji Esophageal and Esophagogastric Cancer Radiotherapy Oncology Group (3JECROG) were analyzed. Among them, 518 (24.3%) cases underwent SIB (SIB group) and 1 614 (75.7%) cases did not receive SIB (No-SIB group). The two groups were matched with 1â¶2 according to propensity score matching (PSM) method (caliper value=0.02). After PSM, 515 patients in SIB group and 977 patients in No-SIB group were enrolled. Prognosis and treatment related adverse effects of these two groups were compared and the independent prognostic factor were analyzed. Results: The median follow-up time was 61.7 months. Prior to PSM, the 1-, 3-, and 5-years overall survival (OS) rates of SIB group were 72.2%, 42.8%, 35.5%, while of No-SIB group were 74.3%, 41.4%, 31.9%, respectively (P=0.549). After PSM, the 1-, 3-, and 5-years OS rates of the two groups were 72.5%, 43.4%, 36.4% and 75.3%, 41.7%, 31.6%, respectively (P=0.690). The univariate survival analysis of samples after PSM showed that the lesion location, length, T stage, N stage, TNM stage, simultaneous chemoradiotherapy, gross tumor volume (GTV) and underwent SIB-RT or not were significantly associated with the prognosis of advanced esophageal carcinoma patients who underwent radical radiotherapy (P<0.05). Cox model multivariate regression analysis showed lesion location, TNM stage, GTV and simultaneous chemoradiotherapy were independent prognostic factors of advanced esophageal carcinoma patients who underwent radical radiotherapy (P<0.05). Stratified analysis showed that, in the patients whose GTV volume≤50 cm(3), the median survival time of SIB and No-SIB group was 34.7 and 30.3 months (P=0.155), respectively. In the patients whose GTV volume>50 cm(3), the median survival time of SIB and No-SIB group was 16.1 and 20.1 months (P=0.218). The incidence of radiation esophagitis and radiation pneumonitis above Grade 3 in SIB group were 4.3% and 2.5%, significantly lower than 13.1% and 11% of No-SIB group (P<0.001). Conclusions: The survival benefit of SIB-RT in patients with locally advanced esophageal carcinoma is not inferior to non-SIB-RT, but without more adverse reactions, and shortens the treatment time. SIB-RT can be used as one option of the radical radiotherapy for locally advanced esophageal cancer.
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Neoplasias Esofágicas , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas do Esôfago , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço , Radioterapia de Intensidade Modulada , Neoplasias Gástricas , Quimiorradioterapia , Análise de Dados , Neoplasias Esofágicas/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias Esofágicas/radioterapia , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas do Esôfago/tratamento farmacológico , Humanos , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
Objective: To evaluate the prognostic factors of T1-2N0M0 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) treated with definitive radiotherapy. Methods: The clinical data of 196 patients with T1-2N0M0 ESCC who were treated with definitive radiotherapy in 10 hospitals were retrospectively analyzed. All sites were members of Jing-Jin-Ji Esophageal and Esophagogastric Cancer Radiotherapy Oncology Group (3JECROG). Radiochemotherapy were applied to 78 patients, while the other 118 patients received radiotherapy only. 96 patients were treated with three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT) and 100 treated with intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT). The median dose of plan target volume(PTV) and gross target volume(GTV) were both 60 Gy. The median follow-up time was 59.2 months. Log rank test and Cox regression analysis were used for univariat and multivariate analysis, respectively. Results: The percentage of normal lung receiving at least 20 Gy (V(20)) was (18.65±7.20)%, with average dose of (10.81±42.05) Gy. The percentage of normal heart receiving at least 30 Gy (V(30)) was (14.21±12.28)%. The maximum dose of exposure in spinal cord was (39.65±8.13) Gy. The incidence of radiation pneumonia and radiation esophagitis were 14.80%(29/196) and 65.82%(129/196), respectively. The adverse events were mostly grade 1-2, without grade 4 toxicity. Median overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were 70.1 months and 62.3 months, respectively. The 1-, 3- and 5-year OS rates of all patients were 75.1%ã57.4% and 53.2%, respectively. The 1-, 3- and 5-year PFS rates were 75.1%ã57.4% and 53.2%, respectively. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that patients'age (HR=1.023, P=0.038) and tumor diameter (HR=1.243, P=0.028)were the independent prognostic factors for OS, while tumor volume were the independent prognostic factor for PFS. Conclusions: Definitive radiotherapy is a promising therapeutic method in patients with T1-2N0M0 ESCC. Patients' age, tumor diameter and tumor volume may impact patients' prognosis.
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Neoplasias Esofágicas/radioterapia , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas do Esôfago/radioterapia , Antineoplásicos/uso terapêutico , Quimiorradioterapia , Relação Dose-Resposta à Radiação , Neoplasias Esofágicas/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias Esofágicas/mortalidade , Neoplasias Esofágicas/patologia , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas do Esôfago/tratamento farmacológico , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas do Esôfago/mortalidade , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas do Esôfago/patologia , Humanos , Prognóstico , Dosagem Radioterapêutica , Radioterapia Conformacional , Radioterapia de Intensidade Modulada , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
Objective: To evaluate the survival and prognostic factors of radiotherapy in patient with â £ stage esophageal squamous carcinoma treated with radiation or chemoradiation. Methods: The medical records of 608 patients with stage â £ esophageal squamous cell carcinoma who met the inclusion criteria in 10 medical centers in China from 2002 to 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. The overall survival and prognostic factors of all patients at 1, 3 and 5 years were analyzed. Results: The 1-, 3-, 5- year overall survival (OS) rates was 66.7%, 29.5% and 24.3% in stage â £A patients, and 58.8%, 29.0% and 23.5% in stage â £B patients. There was no statistical difference between the two groups (P=0.255). Univariate analysis demonstrated that the length of lesion, treatment plan, planned tumor target volume (PGTV) dose, subsequent chemotherapy, and degrees of anemia, radiation esophagitis, radiation pneumonia were related to the prognoses of patients with â £ stage esophageal carcinomas after radiotherapy and chemotherapy (P<0.05). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that PGTV dose (OR=0.693, P=0.004), radiation esophagitis (OR=0.867, P=0.038), and radiation pneumonia (OR=1.181, P=0.004) were independent prognostic factors for OS. Conclusions: For patients with stage â £ esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, chemoradiotherapy followed by sequential chemotherapy is recommended, which can extend the total survival and improve the prognosis of the patients. PGTV dose more than 60 Gy has better efficacy.
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Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapêutico , Quimiorradioterapia/métodos , Neoplasias Esofágicas/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias Esofágicas/radioterapia , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas do Esôfago/tratamento farmacológico , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas do Esôfago/radioterapia , China/epidemiologia , Neoplasias Esofágicas/mortalidade , Neoplasias Esofágicas/patologia , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas do Esôfago/mortalidade , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas do Esôfago/patologia , Humanos , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Radioterapia de Intensidade Modulada/métodos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Objective: To investigate the CT features of lung injury induced by paraquat poisoning and its relationship with prognosis, and to provide reference for the judgment of the condition and prognosis of paraquat poisoning. Methods: 146 cases of paraquat poisoning patients were treated in the Third People's Hospital of Xuzhou City from January 2013 to April 2016. The cases were divided into mild group, moderate-severe group and fulminant group according to the concentration of paraquat in urine. The clinical data and CT imaging findings were analyzed and reconstructed in three-dimensional reconstruction. The extent of the lesion was observed and the relationship between CT and prognosis was explored. Results: Paraquat lung injury has many manifestations on CT images, and it's performance can be intersecting at the same time. Early lesions lighter cases, late CT imaging lesions can be completely absorbed or residual fibrosis, the prognosis was good; the early lesion was pulmonary consolidation, pleural effusion cases, the late CT image was usually pleural thickening and bronchiectasis, the prognosis was relatively good; early lesions were large patches of ground glass opacity cases, finally, pulmonary fibrosis was common, the mortality rate of 56.57%. There were significant differences in the extent of lung injury between different groups (P<0.001) , and the difference in mortality was statistically significant when the lung injury was different (P<0.001) . Multivariate stepwise Logistic regression analysis showed that ground-glass opacity (OR value=2.013) , interstitial lung fibrosis (OR=3.779) and mediastinal emphysema (OR=33.118) were risk factors for death of lung injury caused by paraquat poisoning (P<0.05) . Conclusion: There were many manifestations on CT images of paraquat lung injury, and the manifestations of paraquat lung injury can be intersecting at the same time. The pulmonary manifestations and outcomes of different paraquat types were different. The CT manifestations of lung injury in paraquat poisoning were mainly exudative changes at early stage, and can be gradually absorbed or evolved into interstitial changes at later stage. The cumulative damage range can be used as a reference for evaluating the prognosis. Ground-glass opacity, interstitial pulmonary fibrosis and mediastinal emphysema are the risk factors for death of lung injury caused by paraquat poisoning.
Assuntos
Lesão Pulmonar Aguda/diagnóstico por imagem , Paraquat/intoxicação , Lesão Pulmonar Aguda/induzido quimicamente , Humanos , Pulmão/diagnóstico por imagem , Pulmão/patologia , Prognóstico , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios XRESUMO
AIMS: The aims of this study were to develop an effective M cell-targeting oral vaccine, involving Lactobacillus casei to deliver the porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus (PEDV) core neutralizing epitope (COE) antigen conjugated with M cell-targeting peptide Co1 as an adjuvant, against PEDV infection. METHODS AND RESULTS: Genetically engineered L. casei 393 (L393) strains expressing PEDV COE antigen only (pPG-COE/L393) or fused-expressing COE and M cell-targeting peptide Co1 (pPG-COE-Co1/L393) were constructed, and the immunogenicity upon administration as an oral vaccine was evaluated. The results showed that higher anti-PEDV serum IgG and mucosal SIgA antibody responses were induced in mice orally immunized with strain pPG-COE-Co1/L393 as compared to the mice immunized with strain L393 expressing COE alone or carrying the empty plasmid. In addition, the use of the Co1 ligand elicited a splenocyte proliferative response more effectively in comparison with the COE antigen alone and supported a skewed T helper 2 type of immune response against PEDV. CONCLUSIONS: pPG-COE-Co1/L393 can effectively induce mucosal, humoural and Th2-type cellular immune responses against PEDV infection via oral administration. Furthermore, M cell-targeting peptide ligand Co1 is a good mucosal adjuvant. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: Lactobacillus casei delivering the COE antigen of PEDV conjugated with a M cell-targeting peptide Co1 as an immune adjuvant is a promising oral vaccine candidate for PEDV.
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Antígenos Virais/administração & dosagem , Peptídeos Penetradores de Células/administração & dosagem , Infecções por Coronavirus/veterinária , Lacticaseibacillus casei/genética , Doenças dos Suínos/prevenção & controle , Vacinas Virais/administração & dosagem , Adjuvantes Imunológicos/administração & dosagem , Adjuvantes Imunológicos/genética , Administração Oral , Animais , Anticorpos Antivirais/imunologia , Formação de Anticorpos , Antígenos Virais/genética , Antígenos Virais/imunologia , Peptídeos Penetradores de Células/química , Peptídeos Penetradores de Células/genética , Peptídeos Penetradores de Células/imunologia , Infecções por Coronavirus/imunologia , Infecções por Coronavirus/prevenção & controle , Infecções por Coronavirus/virologia , Feminino , Expressão Gênica , Imunização , Imunoglobulina A Secretora/imunologia , Lacticaseibacillus casei/metabolismo , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Vírus da Diarreia Epidêmica Suína/genética , Vírus da Diarreia Epidêmica Suína/imunologia , Suínos , Doenças dos Suínos/imunologia , Doenças dos Suínos/virologia , Vacinas Virais/genética , Vacinas Virais/imunologiaRESUMO
UNLABELLED: In this study, a dual priming oligonucleotide (DPO)-based multiplex PCR assay was developed for the specific detection of four foodborne diarrhoeagenic Escherichia coli (DEC) in food, including enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC), enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC), enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) O157:H7 and enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC). Species-specific DPO primers were designed based on rfbE, LT, ipaH and bfpA genes for EHEC O157:H7, ETEC, EIEC and EPEC respectively. Our optimized DPO-based multiplex PCR assay was able to simultaneously detect these DEC from pure cultures, spiked food or environmental sample with an analytical detection limit of <120 CFU ml(-1) (or g(-1) ) for each at annealing temperature from 45 to 65°C. A total of 336 bacterial strains including 51 target and 285 other bacterial strains were used to evaluate the specificity of the assay, and results showed that specific PCR products were only amplified in strains belonging to target bacteria. Applying the assay to 982 samples collected from food, clinical patients and environmental sources revealed that 73 samples were positive, which were confirmed by conventional culture-based assays combined with serological tests. Taken together, the DPO-based multiplex PCR assay developed in this study is a rapid, specific and reliable tool for efficient screening single or multiple DEC from food in laboratory diagnosis. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: The high specificity of the DPO-based multiplex PCR assay developed in this study without false positive results indicates its great potential to be a rapid, reliable, practical and cost-effective method for the monitoring of diarrhoeagenic E. coli in food.
Assuntos
Escherichia coli Enteropatogênica/isolamento & purificação , Escherichia coli Enterotoxigênica/isolamento & purificação , Infecções por Escherichia coli/prevenção & controle , Escherichia coli O157/genética , Microbiologia de Alimentos/métodos , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Multiplex/métodos , Primers do DNA/genética , Escherichia coli Enteropatogênica/genética , Escherichia coli Enterotoxigênica/genética , Infecções por Escherichia coli/microbiologia , Proteínas de Escherichia coli/genética , HumanosRESUMO
Cultivating dental general doctors who practice standardized periodontal diagnosis and treatment techniques is conducive to the prevention and control of periodontal diseases and the improvement of oral health of our population. Manual supragingival scaling is the most important basic skill of basic periodontal treatment, and it is the basic periodontal diagnosis and treatment technique that every oral general practitioner should know. This article starts from why manual supragingival scaling is important and how to standardize the teaching and training of manual supragingival scaling, and begin with the first chapter of basic periodontal diagnosis and treatment training, to provide reference for promoting the standardized development of periodontology teaching in China.
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OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to explore the value of 3.0T magnetic resonance three-dimensional arterial spin labeling imaging (3D-ASL) technology in the differential diagnosis of recurrence and pseudo-progression of high-grade gliomas. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Fifty patients with high-grade glioma were selected as research objects. All 50 patients were examined by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and the lesions were found to be enlarged or abnormally enhanced. All the patients were examined using the 3.0T MR 3D-ASL technique. With targeted biopsy pathology as the gold standard, the diagnostic results of the 3.0T MR 3D-ASL technique were analyzed, and the cerebral blood flow (rCBFmax) ratio was compared between patients with recurrent glioma and patients with pseudo-progression [maximum blood flow value/contralateral mirror area (CBFmax/contralateral mirror area), CBFmax/contralateral white matter, CBFmax/contralateral gray matter]. RESULTS: Among 50 glioma patients, 31 (62.00%) were diagnosed with recurrence through pathological examination, and 19 (38.00%) were diagnosed with pseudo-progression. 30 patients with recurrence (60.00%) and 20 patients with pseudo-progression (40.00%) were diagnosed using 3.0T magnetic resonance 3D-ASL technology. The diagnostic accuracy of 3.0T magnetic resonance 3D-ASL technology was 96.77% (30/31) (p > 0.05). Using pathological results as the "gold standard", the relevant parameters of 3.0T magnetic resonance 3D-ASL technology under different pathological results were analyzed. The results showed that the CBFmax/contralateral mirror area, CBFmax/contralateral white matter, and CBFmax/contralateral gray matter ratios of advanced glioma recurrence patients were significantly higher than those of pseudo-progression (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The application of 3.0T MR 3D-ASL in high-grade glioma can effectively distinguish recurrence and pseudo-progression, with significant diagnostic value.
Assuntos
Neoplasias Encefálicas , Glioma , Humanos , Neoplasias Encefálicas/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias Encefálicas/patologia , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/diagnóstico por imagem , Glioma/diagnóstico por imagem , Glioma/patologia , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética/métodos , Gradação de Tumores , Circulação CerebrovascularRESUMO
The current study investigated whether the expression of apoptosis genes in the pigeon crops was affected by the Akt signaling pathway during crop milk formation. First, 78 pairs of adult White King pigeons were randomly assigned to 7 groups, and the expression of apoptosis-related genes and Akt signaling pathway-related proteins in the crop tissues during different breeding stages were examined. The results showed that the mRNA levels of Bak, caspase-3, caspase-6, and caspase-9 in female crops all increased and reached their highest levels at d 17 of incubation (I17). In male crops, the levels of caspase-3 and caspase-9 gene expression peaked at d 1 of chick rearing (R1). The lowest level of Bcl-2 gene expression in females was observed at I17. The expression ratios of p-Akt (Ser473)/Akt and p-Akt (Thr308)/Akt in male crops decreased to their minimum at R1, while it was observed at d 7 of chick rearing (R7) in females. Second, 36 pairs of adult pigeons were divided into 3 groups and were subjected to SC79 injections with dosages of 0, 0.02, or 0.04 mg/kg bodyweight. The SC79 injections resulted in a considerable decrease in growth performance of pigeon squabs. In male crops, the expression ratios of p-Akt (Ser473)/Akt and p-Akt (Thr308)/Akt were significantly elevated in the 0.02 mg/kg SC79 group, while in female crops, they were higher in the 0.04 mg/kg SC79 group (P < 0.05). The SC79 injection inhibited the gene expression of Bak in female crops, but enhanced the gene expression of Bcl-2 in both male and female crops. In the 0.04 mg/kg SC79 group, a 50.7 to 75.7% decrease was observed in the expression of caspase-3, caspase-6, and caspase-9 in male and female pigeon crops. Expression of the caspase-8 gene and total Akt protein in pigeon crops was not changed in different breeding stages or after SC79 injection. In conclusion, the expression of genes related to mitochondria-dependent apoptosis can be regulated by the Akt signaling pathway, which may play a potential role in pigeon milk formation.
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Columbidae , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-akt , Animais , Apoptose , Galinhas , Columbidae/genética , Expressão Gênica , Melhoramento Vegetal , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-akt/genéticaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To detect the expression of high-mobility group nucleosome-binding domain 5 (HMGN5) in colorectal cancer tissues, to explore the function of HMGN5 on the proliferation and metastasis of colorectal cancer cells, and to further study the molecular mechanism of HMGN5 in the malignant progression of colorectal cancer (CRC). PATIENTS AND METHODS: The cancer tissues and para-carcinoma tissues were harvested from 40 patients with CRC. The expression of HMGN5 was detected via quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), and the relation between HMGN5 and clinical indexes of CRC patients was further analyzed. The CRC HT29 and HCT116 cell lines with high expression levels of HMGN5 were selected, and the HMGN5 knockdown model was established. The functions of HMGN5 on CRC cells were stated by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay and transwell migration assay. Then, the association between HMGN5 and fibroblast growth factor 12 (FGF12) was further explored via Dual-Luciferase reporter assay and reverse assay. RESULTS: The qRT-PCR showed that HMGN5 expression was significantly rising in cancer tissues compared to the control group. The incidence rate of lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis was higher in higher expression HMGN5 group than the lower expression HMGN5 group. The results of cell function experiments revealed that silence of HMGN5 could suppress the proliferation and migration of HT29 and HCT116. In addition, it was found using qRT-PCR that knockdown of HMGN5 could significantly down-regulate the expressions of FGF12, FGFR, PI3K and AKT in HT29 and HCT116 cells. The targeted binding relation between HMGN5 and FGF12 was also indicated by the dual-luciferase reporter assay. The consequence of qRT-PCR manifested that FGF12 expression markedly rose in CRC tissues, which had a positive correlation with HMGN5. Moreover, reverse assay indicated that the inhibitory effect of HMGN5 knockdown on the malignant progression of CRC could be reversed by recombinant FGF12, indicating once again that there is a mutual regulatory effect between HMGN5 and FGF12. CONCLUSIONS: HMGN5 can increase the proliferative and migrative capacity of CRC cells via targeted binding to FGF12. In addition, clinical data analyses demonstrate that HMGN5 is intimately related to the incidence rate of lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis in patients with CRC.
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Neoplasias Colorretais/metabolismo , Fatores de Crescimento de Fibroblastos/metabolismo , Proteínas HMGN/metabolismo , Receptores de Fatores de Crescimento de Fibroblastos/metabolismo , Transativadores/metabolismo , Linhagem Celular , Movimento Celular , Neoplasias Colorretais/patologia , Feminino , Fatores de Crescimento de Fibroblastos/genética , Proteínas HMGN/genética , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Receptores de Fatores de Crescimento de Fibroblastos/genética , Transativadores/genéticaRESUMO
Intracorporeal classic gastrointestinal anastomosis using circular stapler in totally laparoscopic gastrectomy (TLG) for gastric cancer requires intracorporeal anvil placement and suitable access for introduction of the circular stapler to the abdominal cavity without gas leak. The novel techniques for anvil placement have been updated, but there is no progress for proper access for circular stapler. In the study, intracorporeal circular-stapled gastrointestinal anastomosis were successfully accomplished using a novel device of sealed cap access with a central hole (WLB-60/70-60/100, Wuhan Widerep Medical Instrument Co.,Ltd, China) customized to the incision protection retractor for the simple and accessible introduction of the circular stapler and anvil under the optimal maintenance of pneumoperitoneum pressure in TLG. In these 3 cases, there was no gas leakage and the pneumoperitoneum was well maintained when performing the gastrointestinal anastomosis, and there was no transition to laparotomy or other anastomosis techniques. The result suggests that the sealed cap access could be a novel choice for introduction of the circular stapler to the abdominal cavity in order to obtain laparoscopic circular-stapled gastroin-testinal anastomosis in TLG.
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Laparoscopia , Neoplasias Gástricas , Anastomose Cirúrgica , China , Gastrectomia , Humanos , Neoplasias Gástricas/cirurgia , Grampeamento CirúrgicoRESUMO
The calcineurin pathway has been reported to be essential for the development of azole resistance in Candida albicans. The depletion or ectopic over-expression of RTA2 increased or decreased susceptibility of C. albicans to azoles, respectively. CaCl(2)- induced activation of the calcineurin pathway in wildtype C. albicans promoted resistance to azoles, while the Ca(2+) chelator (EGTA), calcineurin inhibitors (FK506 and cyclosporin A) and the deletion of RTA2 blocked the resistance-promoting effects of CaCl(2). Furthermore, we found that RTA2 was up-regulated in a calcineurin-dependent manner. The depletion of RTA2 also made the cell membrane of C. albicans liable to be destroyed by azoles and RTA2 over-expression attenuated the destroying effects. Finally, the disruption of RTA2 caused an increased accumulation of dihydrosphingosine (DHS), one of the two sphingolipid long-chain bases, by decreasing release of DHS. In conclusion, our findings suggest that RTA2 is involved in calcineurin-mediated azole resistance and sphingoid long-chain base release in C. albicans.
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Antifúngicos/farmacologia , Azóis/farmacologia , Candida albicans/efeitos dos fármacos , Farmacorresistência Fúngica/fisiologia , Proteínas Fúngicas/fisiologia , Proteínas de Membrana/fisiologia , Transporte Biológico/efeitos dos fármacos , Cálcio/farmacologia , Candida albicans/genética , Candida albicans/metabolismo , Candida albicans/ultraestrutura , Membrana Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Membrana Celular/metabolismo , Membrana Celular/ultraestrutura , Farmacorresistência Fúngica/genética , Ergosterol/biossíntese , Proteínas Fúngicas/química , Proteínas Fúngicas/genética , Proteínas de Membrana/química , Proteínas de Membrana/genética , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Rodaminas/metabolismo , Esfingosina/análogos & derivados , Esfingosina/metabolismo , Regulação para CimaRESUMO
The present study investigated the changes in morphology, enzyme activities in the pancreas and mucosa, and nutrient transporter gene expression in the duodenum and jejunum in male and female pigeons during the incubation and chick-rearing periods. Forty-two pairs of White King pigeons with 2 fertile eggs per pair were randomly divided into 7 groups by different breeding stages. The crypt depth of the duodenum and jejunum reached the peak at day 1 (R1) and day 7 (R7) of chick rearing, respectively. The jejunum surface area increased to a maximum value at R1. Amylase activity in the pancreas decreased to the lowest value at R1, whereas trypsin and lipase activities peaked at 17 D of incubation (I17) and R7, respectively. In male pigeons, mucosal Na+-K+-ATPase activity in the duodenum and jejunum was the highest at R15 and it was at I17 in female pigeons. Jejunum sucrose activity in female pigeons was higher at I4 than that at I17 (P < 0.05). The gene expression of FAT/CD36 and I-FABP in the duodenum gradually increased and then declined in the late chick-rearing period. SGLT1 in the jejunum decreased to a lower level at I17 and R25 in male pigeons (P < 0.05). GLUT2 expression in female duodenum and male jejunum decreased to a lower value at I17 compared with that at R15 (P < 0.05). In the late of incubation (from I10 to I17), expression of duodenum CAT1, B0AT1, and PepT1 and jejunum CAT1, ASCT1, and PepT1 in female pigeons was significantly reduced (P < 0.05), whereas opposite results were found in male jejunum CAT1 and duodenum ASCT1. In conclusion, variations of intestinal morphology, activities of pancreatic and mucosal enzymes, and gene expression of nutrient transporters during incubation and chick-rearing periods, underlying potential changes of digestive and absorptive function and intestinal adaptation with sexual effects, may represent a complicated response to stimuli of different breeding stages.
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Proteínas Aviárias/genética , Columbidae/fisiologia , Expressão Gênica , Reprodução , Criação de Animais Domésticos , Animais , Proteínas Aviárias/metabolismo , Columbidae/anatomia & histologia , Columbidae/genética , Digestão/fisiologia , Duodeno/metabolismo , Feminino , Intestinos/anatomia & histologia , Jejuno/metabolismo , Masculino , RNA Mensageiro/genética , RNA Mensageiro/metabolismoRESUMO
The present study was carried out to investigate the changes in amino acid (AA) contents of crop milk and plasma and mRNA abundance of AA transporters and AA synthesis-related enzymes in the crop tissue of male and female pigeons during incubation and chick-rearing periods. Forty-two pairs of adult White King pigeons with 2 fertile eggs per pair were randomly divided into 7 groups by different breeding stages. The AA content of crop milk decreased from day 1 (R1) to day 25 (R25) of chick rearing (P < 0.05). In both male and female adult pigeons, the contents of Thr, Leu, Val, His, Asp, and Pro in plasma increased to maximum levels on R25. Parental sex effect and interaction between stage and sex were observed in the AA contents of pigeon plasma (P < 0.05). For AA transporters, the mRNA abundances of SNAT2, ASCT1, LAT1, and y+LAT2 in the male crops reached the highest value on day 17 of incubation (I17), and the peak mRNA levels of PAT-1, xCT, b0,+AT, and CAT1 were found on R7 (P < 0.05). In females, the abundances of ASCT1, B0AT1, asc-1, and CAT1 mRNA peaked on R1, whereas the maximum levels of LAT1, PAT-1, b0,+AT, and y+LAT2 were observed on R7. For enzymes involved in AA synthesis, the highest gene expressions of glutamate dehydrogenase 1, acetolactate synthase in both parent pigeons, and L-threonine 3-dehydrogenase in female pigeon crops were attained on I17. The expressions of ornithine-δ-aminotransferase, glutamic-oxal(o)acetic transaminase 1, glutamic-oxal(o)acetic transaminase 2, asparagine synthetase, serine hydroxymethyltransferase 2, and glutamic-pyruvic transaminase 2 in both sexes and argininosuccinate lyase and L-threonine 3-dehydrogenase in males were the highest on R1. In conclusion, AA used for pigeon crop milk formation may originate from plasma and intracellular synthesis. The genes involved in AA transport and synthesis varied significantly with sexual effects, indicating that other factors should be considered in future explorations of the mechanism of protein formation in crop milk.
Assuntos
Aminoácidos/análise , Columbidae/fisiologia , Papo das Aves/fisiologia , Sistemas de Transporte de Aminoácidos/genética , Sistemas de Transporte de Aminoácidos/metabolismo , Aminoácidos/biossíntese , Animais , Proteínas Aviárias/deficiência , Proteínas Aviárias/genética , Proteínas Aviárias/metabolismo , Columbidae/sangue , Columbidae/genética , Feminino , Expressão Gênica , Masculino , Comportamento Materno , Comportamento Paterno , RNA Mensageiro/análiseRESUMO
Objective: To explore the spatial-temporal distribution and epidemic characteristics of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in Hebei province from 2005 to 2016. Methods: Records of HFRS cases reported from each county in Hebei during January 2005 to December 2016 were collected from National Notifiable Disease Surveillance System (NNDSS). Global and local spatial association statistics were used to measure the spatial autocorrelation and software GeoDa 1.2.0. Software SaTScan 9.4.1 was used to analyze spatiotemporal clusters. Software ArcGIS 10.2 was used to visualize the yearly scan results. Results: In Hebei province, a total of 8 437 human HFRS cases reported from 170 counties with an annual incidence rate of 0.99/100 000 population during 2005-2016. The peak incidence season was spring. Global spatial autocorrelation analysis on the incidence of HFRS at county-level showed that the value of Moran's I were all above 0 (P<0.05), indicating that the significant spatial cluster. The result of local indicators on spatial association (LISA) analysis revealed that identified hot spots were mainly in northeastern area, while cold spots were found in some counties of central and southern areas. Spatial-temporal scan detected that the primary cluster of HFRS incidence was mainly distributed in Qinhuangdao city and Tangshan city, including 11 counties (city/district): Beidaihe district, Haigang district, Funing district, Shanhaiguan district, Changli county, Lulong county and Qinglong Manchu autonomous county in Qinhuangdao city, and Qian'an city, Laoting county, Luanzhou city and Luannan county in Tangshan city (RR=39.64, P<0.001), during January-July in 2005. Conclusions: There were significant spatial-temporal cluster of HFRS in Hebei from 2005 to 2016. The cluster areas of HFRS were mainly in northeastern Hebei, it is necessary to strengthen the prevention and control programs of HFRS in these areas.
Assuntos
Notificação de Doenças/estatística & dados numéricos , Vírus Hantaan , Febre Hemorrágica com Síndrome Renal/epidemiologia , Vigilância da População , China/epidemiologia , Cidades , Análise por Conglomerados , Humanos , Incidência , Estações do Ano , Análise Espacial , Análise Espaço-TemporalRESUMO
Eighty samples of cervical invasive squamous cell carcinoma were examined for ras gene mutations using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by restriction enzyme digestion. We found 28 (35%) cervical cancers contained ras mutations at H-ras codon 12, 49 (61%) at K-ras codon 12, and 5 (6%) at K-ras codon 13. There were no significant differences in incidence of the ras gene mutations among different histologic grades or clinical stages of the cancer (P > 0.05). This result suggests that ras mutation may be an important step involved in a substantial number of cervical carcinoma. The interaction of ras with other genes and/or events may also be involved in pathogenesis of this malignancy.
Assuntos
Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/genética , Genes ras , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/genética , Alelos , Sequência de Bases , Diferenciação Celular , Primers do DNA/química , Feminino , Humanos , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Mutação PuntualRESUMO
The peripheral blood samples obtained from 32 ballet students with a mean age of 17.5 years and 32 age-matched non- dancers who comprised a control group were analysed using the microdeterminations of lymphocyte blast transformation and mixture rosette forming cells. The percentage of lymphocyte blast transformation of ballet students was normal, but their percentage of E-rosette forming cells was lower than that of controls at rest. A significant increase in the percentage of zymosan-complement rosette forming cells was seen during dancing. The study suggests that a saving effect on expenditure of cellular immunofunction is exhibited in ballet students at rest and that intensive ballet-exercise induces an immediate humoral immune response change. However, the effect needs to be dynamically observed and the clinical implication of the response change remains to be proved.
Assuntos
Dança , Imunidade Inata , Esforço Físico , Linfócitos T/imunologia , Adolescente , Formação de Anticorpos , Peso Corporal , Eritrócitos , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Formação de RosetaRESUMO
Taking the percentage of zymosan-complement complex rosette forming cells (ZC-RFC%) and the number of zymosan-complement Complex rosette forming cells (ZC-RFC) in the peripheral blood as indices of humoral immunity, bone marrow derived lymphocytes were detected by modified Sondra B cell assay in 24 healthy aged taking part in Taichiquan (88 style) exercise and 24 age-matched normal subjects without any physical training. At rest, the ZC-RFC% of the exercise group was lower than that of the controls; immediately following a set of Taichiquan exercise, the increments of ZC-RFC% and ZC-RFC were highly significant. These findings give evidence of humoral immunity which supports the viewpoint that Taichiquan exercise can induce enhancement of cellular immunity in the aged.
Assuntos
Envelhecimento/imunologia , Linfócitos B/imunologia , Exercício Físico/fisiologia , Idoso , Contagem de Células , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Artes Marciais , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Formação de Roseta , Medicina EsportivaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of Fuzheng Kangbai Granule (FZKBG) on immune function and survival time in minimal residual leukemia (MRL) model mice and study its mechanism. METHODS: MRL model mice were established by hypodermic inoculation with L7212 cells following intraperitoneal injection of cytoxan (CTX) 25 mg/kg 3 days later, and divided into the control group and FZKBG group. The changes of T-lymphocyte subsets, including CD3+, CD4+ and CD8+, and the survival time in model mice were observed. RESULTS: Comparing with the control group, FZKBG could obviously increase both the percentage and absolute value of CD3+ and CD4+ lymphocytes and prolong the survival time of model mice, the prolongation rate being 29.6%-60.4%. CONCLUSION: FZKBG could markedly prolong the survival time of MRL mice, its mechanism might be through elevating the immune function and inhibiting the leukemic cells in model mice.
Assuntos
Adjuvantes Imunológicos/farmacologia , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/farmacologia , Leucemia Experimental/tratamento farmacológico , Animais , Feminino , Leucemia Experimental/imunologia , Subpopulações de Linfócitos/imunologia , Masculino , Camundongos , Neoplasia Residual/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasia Residual/imunologiaRESUMO
The origin of atmospheric dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) deposition is not very clear at present. Across China, the DON deposition was substantially larger than that of world and Europe, and we found significant positive correlation between contribution of DON and the deposition flux with pristine site data lying in outlier, possibly reflecting the acute air quality problems in China. For a case study in Northeast China, we revealed the deposited DON was mainly derived from intensive agricultural activities rather than the natural sources by analyzing the compiled dataset across China and correlating DON flux with NH4(+)-N and NO3(-)-N. Crop pollens and combustion of fossil fuels for heating probably contributed to summer and autumn DON flux respectively. Overall, in Northeast China, DON deposition could exert important roles in agro-ecosystem nutrient management and carbon sequestration of natural ecosystems; nationally, it was suggested to found rational network for monitoring DON deposition.