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BACKGROUND: Depression is being increasingly acknowledged as a global public health concern, and following this trend, attention towards eating disorders (EDs) has surged within China's national consciousness. EDs symptoms frequently coexist with various mental health conditions, including depression. However, research focusing on EDs symptoms and depressive symptoms among Tibetan students in China remains scant. This study employs network analysis to estimate the relational network between EDs and depressive symptoms. METHODS: Tibetan (n = 2,582) and Han (n = 1,743) students from two universities in the Xizang Autonomous Region, China, completed the Eating Attitude Test-26 (EAT-26) and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). We estimated the network structure of EDs symptoms and depressive symptoms, identified central and bridge symptoms, and examined whether network characteristics differed by gender and ethnic. RESULTS: The core symptoms identified within this study were Calorie_awareness, Desire_to_thin and Fatigue. Conversely, bridge symptoms included Appetite, Suicide, Anhedonia, Guilty, Body_fat_awareness, and Food_preoccupation. The study also revealed no significant gender differences within the network model. However, disparities among ethnic groups were observed within the network structure. CONCLUSIONS: Our study examined the correlation between EDs symptoms and depressive symptoms in Tibetan college students. Focusing on the individual's quest for the perfect body shape and some Tibetan students' appetite problems - potentially stemming from transitioning to a new university environment, adapting to the school canteen's diet, or being away from their hometown - could aid in the prevention and management of EDs and depression symptoms. It could reduce the incidence of complications by helping students maintain good physical and mental health. Concurrently, our research provides insights into the relatively higher levels of depression triggered by the unique plateau environment.
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Depressão , Transtornos da Alimentação e da Ingestão de Alimentos , Humanos , Depressão/psicologia , Tibet/epidemiologia , Universidades , Transtornos da Alimentação e da Ingestão de Alimentos/diagnóstico , Transtornos da Alimentação e da Ingestão de Alimentos/epidemiologia , China/epidemiologia , Estudantes/psicologiaRESUMO
Coptidis Rhizoma, as a bulk medicinal material, is in great demand in clinical practice. Its quality is uneven in the market due to the mixture of genuine, counterfeit and adulterants. Therefore, it is particularly important to establish a quality control system for Coptidis Rhizoma. Based on the concept of Chinese medicine quality marker(Q-marker), the potential quality markers of Coptidis Rhizoma were analyzed and predicted from the perspective of chemistry and pharmacology. The sources of the Q-markers of Coptidis Rhizoma were identified by literature retrieval. The potential Q-markers were then screened through the visualization of the "components-targets-pathways" network. High performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) was used to establish a multi-indicator qualitative and quantitative control method featuring fingerprints for 10 batches of Coptidis Rhizoma. A supervised mode of orthogonality partial least squares method-discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA) was used to screen the main marker components that caused differences between groups. The literature review results showed that the alkaloids were the main source of Coptidis Rhizoma Q-markers.The fingerprints of 13 common peaks were successfully established, and berberine, palmatine, berberine and epiberberine were selected as Q-markers of Coptidis Rhizoma, and their contents were determined.Based on the concept of the Q-marker of traditional Chinese medicine, the four components can be selected as the Q-marker of Coptidis Rhizoma after comprehensive consideration. The results of this study are not only conducive to the quality evaluation of Coptidis Rhizoma on the market, but also provide a reference for the overall quality control of Coptidis Rhizoma and lay foundation for the future exploration of the mechanism of Coptidis Rhizoma.
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Alcaloides , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas , Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão , Análise Multivariada , RizomaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs), suspected to be transposition-defective, may reshape the transcriptional network of the human genome by regulatory elements distributed in their long terminal repeats (LTRs). HERV-K (HML-2), the most preserved group with the least number of accumulated of mutations, has been associated with aberrant gene expression in tumorigenesis and autoimmune diseases. Because of the high sequence similarity between different HERV-Ks, current methods have limitations in providing genome-wide mapping specific for individual HERV-K (HML-2) members, a major barrier in delineating HERV-K (HML-2) function. RESULTS: In an attempt to obtain detailed distribution information of HERV-K (HML-2), we utilized a PCR-based target enrichment sequencing protocol for HERV-K (HML-2) (PTESHK) loci, which not only maps the presence of reference loci, but also identifies non-reference loci, enabling determination of the genome-wide distribution of HERV-K (HML-2) loci. Here we report on the genomic data obtained from three individuals. We identified a total of 978 loci using this method, including 30 new reference loci and 5 non-reference loci. Among the 3 individuals in our study, 14 polymorphic HERV-K (HML-2) loci were identified, and solo-LTR330 and N6p21.32 were identified as polymorphic for the first time. CONCLUSIONS: Interestingly, PTESHK provides an approach for the identification of the genome-wide distribution of HERV-K (HML-2) and can be used for the identification of polymorphic loci. Since polymorphic HERV-K (HML-2) integrations are suspected to be related to various diseases, PTESHK can supplement other emerging techniques in accessing polymorphic HERV-K (HML-2) elements in cancer and autoimmune diseases.
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Retrovirus Endógenos/genética , Genoma Humano , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/métodos , Análise de Sequência de DNA/métodos , Humanos , Provírus/genética , Sequências Repetidas TerminaisRESUMO
A highly efficient and simple route for the synthesis of multi-substituted allenes has been developed by a nickel catalyzed SN2' substitution reaction of propargyl esters with organic aluminium reagents under mild conditions, which gave the corresponding multi-substituted allenes in good to excellent yields (up to 92%) and high selectivities (up to 99%) at 60 °C for 6 h in THF. Aryls bearing electron-donating or electron-withdrawing groups in propargyl esters gave products in good yields. In addition, the multi-substituted allenes bearing a thienyl or a pyridyl group were obtained in 95-97% selectivities with isolated yields of 72-83%. Furthermore, the SN2' substitution reaction worked efficiently with propargyl carbonate compounds as well. On the basis of the experimental results, a possible catalytic cycle has been proposed.
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Cancer is one of the most major diseases that threatens human health and life. The aim of this work was to obtain novel anticancer molecules from D. fragrans, a kind of medicinal plant. The structure of the new compound was identified using spectroscopic data (¹H-NMR, 13C-NMR and two dimensions NMR). Its anticancer properties were evaluated using the 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay against four human cells including lung cancer cells (A549), breast cancer cells (MCF-7), gastric cancer cells (SGC7901) and noncancerous human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). A new phenylpropanoid-(E)-caffeic acid-9-O-ß-d-xylpyranosyl-(1â2)-ß-d-glucopyranosyl ester (1), with seven known compounds (2-8)-was isolated. The IC50 value of compound 1 against MCF-7 cells was 2.65 ± 0.14 µM, and the IC50 values of compound 8 against three cancer cells were below 20 µM.
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Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/farmacologia , Dryopteris/química , Fenóis/farmacologia , Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/química , Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/isolamento & purificação , Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética Nuclear de Carbono-13 , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Células Endoteliais da Veia Umbilical Humana/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos , Fenóis/química , Fenóis/isolamento & purificação , Espectroscopia de Prótons por Ressonância MagnéticaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the role of the serum testosterone level as an independent predictor of bone metastasis of prostate cancer. METHODS: This study included 165 male patients with prostate cancer confirmed by biopsy. The patients were aged 58ï¼78 (66.6±5.3) years and none had received androgen-deprivation therapy, chemotherapy or radiotherapy previously. We obtained the baseline clinical data from the patients, including prostate biopsy Gleason scores and the levels of serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA), total testosterone (TT), luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), estradiol (E2), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and prolactin. According to the results of bone scanning, we divided the patients into a bone metastasis and a non-bone metastasis group and screened out the differential factors by univariate analysis and the independent predictor of bone metastasis using the multivariate non-conditional logistic regression model. RESULTS: Univariate analysis showed no statistically significant differences between the bone metastasis and non-bone metastasis groups in age (P = 0.126) or the levels of serum LH (P = 0.930), FSH (P = 0.763) and E2 (P = 0.256), but that the former had remarkably higher Gleason scores (P < 0.01), total PSA (P <0.01) and ALP (P <0.01) but a lower TT level than the latter (P = 0.013). According to the results of multivariate logistic regression analysis, serum ALP (P <0.01, OR = 1.018 ï¼»1.011ï¼1.026ï¼½) and total PSA (P <0.01, OR = 1.029 ï¼»1.015ï¼1.044ï¼½) could be regarded as independent predictors of bone metastasis of prostate cancer but not low serum TT (P = 0.531, OR = 0.999 ï¼»0.996ï¼1.002ï¼½) or biopsy Gleason score (P = 0.898, OR = 0.787 ï¼»0.412ï¼1.9559ï¼½). CONCLUSIONS: The low level of serum testosterone is closely associated with but not an independent predictor of bone metastasis of prostate cancer.
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Neoplasias Ósseas/secundário , Neoplasias da Próstata/sangue , Neoplasias da Próstata/patologia , Testosterona/sangue , Idoso , Fosfatase Alcalina/sangue , Antineoplásicos Hormonais , Biópsia , Estradiol/sangue , Hormônio Foliculoestimulante/sangue , Humanos , Modelos Logísticos , Hormônio Luteinizante/sangue , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Gradação de Tumores , Prolactina/sangue , Antígeno Prostático Específico/sangue , Estudos Retrospectivos , Testosterona/deficiênciaRESUMO
The variation in volatiles, bacteria and metabolites of Tibetan yak cheese (TYC) from different altitudes were characterized with multi-omics to reveal the formation mechanism of characteristic volatile compounds (C-VOCs) in TYC induced by altitudes. 22C-VOCs (odor activity value, OAV > 1) were identified in TYCs, and hexanal, dodecanol, 2,3-butanediol, butyl isobutyate, etc., C-VOCs were confirmed induced by altitude. Lactobacillus, Kocuria, etc., bacteria and benzyl thiocyanate, trehalose, sarcosine, etc., metabolites were screened as the variable bacteria and metabolites for TYCs regulated by altitude, respectively. Pediococcus and carbonhydrates maybe the main contributors for the formation of C-VOCs in TYCs induced by altitudes. The formation of dodecanol, 2,3-butanediol and hexanal maybe derived from sarcosine and EPA, and the generation of butyl isobutyrates maybe originated from 1,6-DP-fructose and threonic acid facilitating by Pediococcus. This research will help us gain insight into the contribution of altitude to the formation of volatiles in TYCs.
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Background: Sleep disorders are a significant health issue that urgently needs to be addressed among undergraduate students, and one of the potential underlying problems could be problematic smartphone use (PSU). This study aimed to clarify the relationship between PSU and poor sleep quality by investigating the independent and serial mediating roles of anxiety and depressive symptoms in a population of university students in Tibet, China. Methods: A total of 2993 Tibetan college students completed three waves of data surveys, with all participants completing questionnaires on PSU, anxiety, depressive symptoms, and sleep quality (Time 1 (T1) -Time 3 (T3)). Bootstrapped mediation analysis was used to explore the mediating role of anxiety and depressive symptoms in the longitudinal relationship between PSU and sleep quality. Results: Both direct and indirect effects of PSU on poor sleep quality were found. PSU (T1) can had not only a direct negative influence on poor sleep quality (T3) among young adults (direct effect = 0.021, 95% CI = 0.010-0.033) but also an indirect negative impact via three pathways: the independent mediating effect of anxiety symptoms (T2) (indirect effect 1 = 0.003, 95% CI = 0.001-0.006), the independent mediating effect of depressive symptoms (T2) (indirect effect 2 = 0.004, 95% CI = 0.002-0.006), and the serial mediating effects of anxiety (T2) and depressive symptoms (T2) (indirect effect 3 = 0.008, 95% CI=0.005-0.011). Conclusion: These findings highlight the role of anxiety and depression symptoms as joint mediating factors in the relationship between PSU and sleep disturbances. Interventions focused on improving sleep that incorporate behavioural measures could benefit from treatment approaches targeting mental disorders.
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Multidrug-resistance (MDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) is a lethal gram-negative pathogen causing hospital-acquired and ventilator-associated pneumonia, which is difficult to treat. Our previous studies confirmed that baicalin, an essential bioactive component in Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, exhibited anti-inflammatory effects in an acute pneumonia rat model induced by MDR P. aeruginosa. However, this effect of baicalin in constrast its low bioavailability, and its mechanism of action is still unknown. Thus, this study investigated whether the therapeutic effects of baicalin against MDR P. aeruginosa acute pneumonia are owing to the regulation of gut microbiota and their metabolites using pyrosequencing of the 16S rRNA genes in rat feces and metabolomics. As a result, baicalin attenuated the inflammation by acting directly on neutrophils and regulated the production of the inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1ß, IL-6, and IL-10. The mechanisms were through down-regulation of TLR4 and inhibition of NF-κB. Furthermore, pyrosequencing of the 16S rRNA genes in rat feces revealed that baicalin regulated the composition of gut microbial communities. At the genus level, baicalin efficiently increased the abundance of Ligilactobacillus, Lactobacillus and Bacteroides, but decreased the abundance of Muribaculaceae and Alistipes. Further, arginine biosynthesis was analyzed as the core pathway regulated by baicalin via combination with predicting gut microbiota function and targeted metabolomics. In conclusion, this study has demonstrated that baicalin relieved inflammatory injury in acute pneumonia rat induced by MDR P. aeruginosa via arginine biosynthesis associated with gut microbiota. Baicalin could be a promising and effective adjunctive therapy for lung inflammation caused by MDR P. aeruginosa infection.
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Pneumonia , Pseudomonas aeruginosa , Ratos , Animais , RNA Ribossômico 16S , Inflamação/tratamento farmacológico , Pneumonia/tratamento farmacológico , Flavonoides/farmacologia , Arginina/farmacologiaRESUMO
Lung cancer is one of the malignant tumors with high mortality worldwide. To date, the most effective treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is still surgical resection. Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery has become the main surgical approach. Tumor patients are the high-risk perioperative population. At present, how to optimize perioperative management measures to improve the patient's body function and promote the rehabilitation after video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery is a hot research topic for medical staff. In this study, 148 patients with lung cancer were selected as the research object, to analyze and discuss the application value of trimodal prehabilitation model in preoperative management of patients with lung cancer undergoing video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery.
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Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. The reduction of mitochondrial protein sirtuin protein 3 (SIRT3) has been reported to contribute to the development of T2DM by impacting mitochondrial respiration. Cordycepin is an adenosine derivative and is isolated from the culture filtrate of Cordyceps militaris. This study explored the protective effect of cordycepin on vascular impairment induced by T2DM and its properties and protective mechanism. In this study, a T2DM rat model was established. The endothelium-dependent relaxation of the thoracic aorta ring decreased in T2DM rats could be reversed by cordycepin. Next, mitochondrial impairment in human umbilical vein endothelial cells was detected by JC-1 staining. In vitro studies revealed that cordycepin plays a beneficial role in advanced glycation end product-induced endothelial mitochondrial impairment. Moreover, according to the cordycepin molecular docking analysis, cordycepin can bind to SIRT3. Cordycepin increased the expression and activation of SIRT3 in a dose-dependent manner. SIRT3 interruption blocked the protective effect of cordycepin on mitochondria in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Cordycepin can conclusively protect vascular function impaired by T2DM, and the mechanism may potentially be involved in SIRT3 signaling pathways.
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Cordyceps , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 , Sirtuína 3 , Animais , Cordyceps/metabolismo , Desoxiadenosinas , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/tratamento farmacológico , Células Endoteliais , Endotélio/metabolismo , Simulação de Acoplamento Molecular , Ratos , Sirtuína 3/genética , Sirtuína 3/metabolismoRESUMO
In this study, a novel NixCo3-xO4 nanotube array hierarchical structure derived from zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs) is grown on Ni foam (NixCo3-xO4 NAHS/Ni foam) using the template-assisted and self-assembly approach for a high-performance hybrid energy storage device in alkaline solution. The material characteristics of the resultant samples were characterized by XPS, XRD, ICP, SEM, TEM and BET. Due to the unique hollow structure with a large specific surface area and the exposure of large active sites originating from ZIFs, the optimal NixCo3-xO4 NAHS/Ni foam exhibits substantially enhanced electrochemical properties. The NixCo3-xO4 NAHS/Ni foam directly acts as an electrode, which provides an excellent specific capacity of 290.48 mA h g-1 at 1 A g-1. Subsequently, the corresponding hybrid alkaline batteries that consist of NixCo3-xO4 NAHS/Ni foam and carbon materials display a highly satisfactory specific capacity of 54.94 mA h g-1 at 1 A g-1, a satisfactory long-term stability of 85.47% after 2000 cycles, a maximum energy density of 43.95 W h kg-1 and a power density of 8000 W kg-1. This work combines the design of the electronic structure with the optimization of composition, and provides a reference for the application of hybrid rechargeable alkaline batteries (RABs).
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Lectins are widely distributed in the natural world and are usually involved in antitumor activities. Auricularia auricula (A. auricula) is a medicinal and edible homologous fungus. A. auricula contains many active ingredients, such as polysaccharides, melanin, flavonoids, adenosine, sterols, alkaloids, and terpenes. In this study, we expected to isolate and purify lectin from A. auricula, determine the glycoside bond type and sugar-specific protein of A. auricula lectin (AAL), and finally, determine its antitumor activities. We used ammonium sulfate fractionation, ion exchange chromatography, and affinity chromatography to separate and purify lectin from A. auricula. The result was a 25 kDa AAL with a relative molecular mass of 18913.22. Protein identification results suggested that this lectin contained four peptide chains by comparing with the UniProt database. The FT-IR and ß-elimination reaction demonstrated that the connection between the oligosaccharide and polypeptide of AAL was an N-glucoside bond. Analyses of its physical and chemical properties showed that AAL was a temperature-sensitive and acidic/alkaline-dependent glycoprotein. Additionally, the anticancer experiment manifested that AAL inhibited the proliferation of A549, and the IC50 value was 28.19 ± 1.92 µg/mL. RNA sequencing dataset analyses detected that AAL may regulate the expression of JUN, TLR4, and MYD88 to suppress tumor proliferation. Through the pulmonary flora analysis, the bacterial structure of each phylum in the lectin treatment group was more reasonable, and the colonization ability of the normal microflora was improved, indicating that lectin treatment could significantly improve the bacterial diversity characteristics.
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Auricularia/química , Neoplasias Pulmonares/patologia , Pulmão/microbiologia , Pulmão/patologia , Lectinas de Plantas/farmacologia , Células A549 , Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Bactérias/efeitos dos fármacos , Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , Precipitação Química , Humanos , Concentração de Íons de Hidrogênio , Concentração Inibidora 50 , Pulmão/efeitos dos fármacos , Peso Molecular , Lectinas de Plantas/isolamento & purificação , Açúcares/metabolismo , TemperaturaRESUMO
Globally, prostate cancer is the third most common cancer in the world, and the second most common cancer in men. However, rates for incidence and mortality vary considerably with race, ethnicity, and geography. Over 97 significantly mutated genes that have been identified in prostate cancer; however, a lack of genomic prostate cancer studies focusing on different racial and ethnic groups and racial mixing pose a serious challenge to universalize these findings. The Sardinian population is an isolated Mediterranean population that has a high frequency of centenarians and a much lower incidence of prostate cancer than found in males in mainland Europe. Here, we conducted a genomic prostate cancer study on a Sardinian cohort diagnosed with local prostate cancer. Our data reveals a low rate of ERG fusion in Sardinian prostate cancer. Interestingly, we identified a novel BTBD7-SLC2A5 fusion that occurred in 13% of the patients. We also found that the UGT2B4 on 4q13.2 was amplified in 20% of the Sardinian patients but rarely amplified in patients of other population. These observations underscore the importance of the inter-population molecular heterogeneity of prostate cancer. In addition, we examined the expression of UGT2B4 in 497 prostate cancer patients derived from The Cancer Genome Atlas database. We found that high expression of UGT2B4 was associated with low-grade prostate cancer and upregulation of UGT2B4 in tumors was associated with upregulation of metabolism pathways such as 'de novo' IMP biosynthetic process, glutamine and monocarboxylic acid metabolism. These data provide insight into clinical relevance and functional mechanism of UGT2B4. Further understanding functional mechanism of UGT2B4 amplification and BTBD7-SLC2A5 fusion will aid in developing drugs to benefit the prostate cancer patients.
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Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) are derived from exogenous retrovirus infections in the evolution of primates and account for about 8% of the human genome. They were considered as silent passengers within our genomes for a long time, however, reactivation of HERVs has been associated with tumors and autoimmune diseases, especially the HERV-K (HML-2) family, the most recent integration groups with the least number of mutations and the most biologically active to encode functional retroviral proteins and produce retrovirus-like particles. Increasing studies are committed to determining the potential role of HERV-K (HML-2) in pathogenicity. Although there is still no evidence for HERV-K (HML-2) as a direct cause of diseases, aberrant expression profiles of the HERV-K (HML-2) transcripts and their regulatory function to their proximal host-genes were identified in different diseases. In this review, we summarized the advances between HERV-K (HML-2) and diseases to provide basis for further studies on the causal relationship between HERV-K (HML-2) and diseases. We recommended more attention to polymorphic integrated HERV-K (HML-2) loci which could be genetic causative factors and be associated with inter-individual differences in tumorigenesis and autoimmune diseases.
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Highland barley starch (HBS), as a carbohydrate shell material with excellent performance in microcapsule applications, has rarely been reported. In the present study, three different microcapsules (CEO-SWSM, CEO-PM, and CEO-UM) were synthesized successfully via saturated aqueous solution method, molecular inclusion method and ultrasonic method, respectively, using HBS as shell material coupled with cinnamon essential oil (CEO) as the core material. The potential of HBS as a new shell material and the influence of synthetic methods on the performance of microcapsules, encapsulation efficiency (EE), yield, and release rate of CEO-SWSM, CEO-PM, and CEO-UM were determined, respectively. The results confirmed that CEO-PM had the most excellent EE (88.2%), yield (79.1%), as well as lowest release rate (11.5%, after 25 days of storage). Moreover, different kinetic models were applied to fit the release process of these three kinds of microcapsules: CEO-SWSM, CEO-PM, and CEO-UM had the uppermost R-squared value in the Higuchi model, the zero-order model, and the first-level model, respectively. Over all, this work put forward a novel perspective for the improved encapsulation effect of perishable core materials (e.g., essential oil) for the food industry.
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On 31 December 2019 the Wuhan Health Commission reported a cluster of atypical pneumonia cases that was linked to a wet market in the city of Wuhan, China. The first patients began experiencing symptoms of illness in mid-December 2019. Clinical isolates were found to contain a novel coronavirus with similarity to bat coronaviruses. As of 28 January 2020, there are in excess of 4,500 laboratory-confirmed cases, with > 100 known deaths. As with the SARS-CoV, infections in children appear to be rare. Travel-related cases have been confirmed in multiple countries and regions outside mainland China including Germany, France, Thailand, Japan, South Korea, Vietnam, Canada, and the United States, as well as Hong Kong and Taiwan. Domestically in China, the virus has also been noted in several cities and provinces with cases in all but one provinence. While zoonotic transmission appears to be the original source of infections, the most alarming development is that human-to-human transmission is now prevelant. Of particular concern is that many healthcare workers have been infected in the current epidemic. There are several critical clinical questions that need to be resolved, including how efficient is human-to-human transmission? What is the animal reservoir? Is there an intermediate animal reservoir? Do the vaccines generated to the SARS-CoV or MERS-CoV or their proteins offer protection against 2019-nCoV? We offer a research perspective on the next steps for the generation of vaccines. We also present data on the use of in silico docking in gaining insight into 2019-nCoV Spike-receptor binding to aid in therapeutic development. Diagnostic PCR protocols can be found at https://www.who.int/health-topics/coronavirus/laboratory-diagnostics-for-novel-coronavirus.
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Betacoronavirus , Infecções por Coronavirus/transmissão , Reservatórios de Doenças/veterinária , Transmissão de Doença Infecciosa , Pneumonia Viral/transmissão , Animais , Betacoronavirus/genética , COVID-19 , Vacinas contra COVID-19 , Infecções por Coronavirus/epidemiologia , Infecções por Coronavirus/prevenção & controle , Infecções por Coronavirus/virologia , Reservatórios de Doenças/virologia , Humanos , Pandemias , Pneumonia Viral/epidemiologia , Pneumonia Viral/virologia , SARS-CoV-2 , Análise de Sequência de Proteína , Viagem , Vacinação , Proteínas Virais/química , Proteínas Virais/genética , Vacinas Virais , ZoonosesRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To study the mechanisms of nongenomic effect of 17beta-estradiol on human spermatozoa. METHODS: The intracellular calcium ([Ca2+]i) in the spermatozoa was measured by flow cytometry after the spermatozoa was treated with the inhibitors of trans-membrane signaling transduction pathways and impermeable 17beta-estradiol (E2-BSA). Western blot was used to detect the activation of the signal proteins after the spermatozoa was treated with 1 x 10(-6) mol/L E2-BSA and tamoxifen, an estrogen receptor inhibitor. RESULTS: Adenylyl cyclase (AC) inhibitor SQ22536, phospholipase C (PLC) inhibitor U73122 and protein tyrosine kinase (TPK) inhibitor Genistein all deterred the increase of [Ca2+]i caused by E2-BSA. E2-BSA also increased the PLC protein and PKC protein significantly. Tamoxifen, an antagonist of estrogen receptor, did not inhibit the activation of PLC caused by E2-BSA. CONCLUSION: The E2-BSA has an effect on human spermatozoa in a nongenomic pathway, possibly through the transmembrane signal transduction in relation to AC, PLC and TPK.
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Cálcio/metabolismo , Estradiol/farmacologia , Transdução de Sinais , Espermatozoides/efeitos dos fármacos , Adenina/análogos & derivados , Adenina/farmacologia , Inibidores de Adenilil Ciclases , Adulto , Sítios de Ligação , Estrenos/farmacologia , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Proteínas Tirosina Quinases/antagonistas & inibidores , Pirrolidinonas/farmacologia , Tamoxifeno/farmacologia , Fosfolipases Tipo C/antagonistas & inibidoresRESUMO
Direct assembling 2D zeolitic imidazolate frameworks-derived (ZIFs)-derived Ni-Co oxide on Ni foam (NixCo3-xO4/Ni foam) is a very attractive way to obtain high performance for electrochemical energy storage device. In this work, the highly optimized NixCo3-xO4/Ni foam was prepared via facile co-precipitation, ion-exchange method and subsequently composited with rGO, acting as binder-less electrode for high properties hybrid supercapacitors. As electrode materials, the pure Co3O4/Ni foam shows 94.40â¯Câ¯g-1 (209.78â¯Fâ¯g-1) at 1â¯Aâ¯g-1, while the highly optimized NixCo3-xO4/Ni foam exhibits a high capacity of 870.3â¯Câ¯g-1 (1934Fâ¯g-1) at 1â¯Aâ¯g-1. Compared with NixCo3-xO4/Ni foam, the reduced graphene oxides (rGO) modified NixCo3-xO4/Ni foam electrodes possess a porous conductive structure, displaying more superior capacity of 1440.99â¯Câ¯g-1 (3202.22Fâ¯g-1) at 1â¯Aâ¯g-1 and a higher cycling stability of 76.10% retention value after 1000 cycles. Subsequently, the NixCo3-xO4/rGO/Ni foam electrodes were assembled as a hybrid supercapacitor, exhibiting a maximum energy density of 36.31â¯Whâ¯kg-1, a maximum power density of 8000â¯Wâ¯kg-1 and a good cycling stability of 76.29% retention value after 3000 cycles. The NixCo3-xO4/rGO/Ni foam also could light the blue LED device. Thereby, it is proved that NixCo3-xO4/rGO/Ni foam is a promising materials for hybrid supercapacitors.
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This study aimed to isolate starch and evaluate its chemical and structural characteristics from six Chinese hulless barley (HB) cultivars. Starch isolated from naked barley displays A-type crystalline packing and a regular granular shape. We measured peak viscosity values ranging from 237 to 264 cP, trough viscosity values from 305 to 380 cP, breakdown values from 390 to 535 cP, final viscosities from 357 to 523 cP, setback values from 245 to 354 cP and 383 to 460 cP, peak times from 5.53 to 5.73 min, and pasting temperatures from 93.10 to 94.65°C by RVA. Transition temperatures (T 0, T p, and T c), gelatinization temperature ranges (ΔT r), and enthalpies of gelatinization (ΔH) were measured on a differential scanning calorimeter analyzer (DSC) and ranged from 57.81 to 61.25°C, 64.36 to 67.57°C, 82.03 to 84.70°C, and 21.52 to 26.89°C and 7.14 to 10.66 J/g, respectively. The varying chemical and structural characteristics of HB starch isolated from different cultivars suggested the potential for broader applications of the cereal.