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OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate how locus of control, coping strategies, emotion regulation strategies and social support affect posttraumatic growth. METHODS: A cross-sectional study design was adopted. A convenience sample of 540 patients with lung cancer was recruited from November 2016 to July 2017 at two tertiary grade A hospitals in China. The participants completed a series of questionnaires. Structural equation modelling was used to explore the effects of psychosocial factors on posttraumatic growth. RESULTS: Social support had a direct positive effect on posttraumatic growth (ß = 0.318, SE = 0.071, BC 95% CI = 0.252/0.390), and it also had indirect effects on posttraumatic growth (ß = 0.112, SE = 0.023, BC 95%CI = 0.088/0.135) through mediating psychological factors. Coping strategies and the cognitive reappraisal emotion regulation strategy were the main mediating variables, explaining approximately 73.1% of the indirect effect between social support and posttraumatic growth. CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggests that Chinese lung cancer survivors can show relatively high posttraumatic growth. There are many mediating paths between social support and posttraumatic growth. These results may help healthcare professionals to identify the psychosocial factors that may benefit lung cancer patients and develop interventions to promote posttraumatic growth.
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Neoplasias Pulmonares , Crescimento Psicológico Pós-Traumático , Adaptação Psicológica , Estudos Transversais , Humanos , Apoio Social , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The factors that lead to the fear of falling among older people after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) are poorly understood. The present study aims to examine the fear of falling among such patients and to determine the factors that are associated with that fear. METHODS: A total of 285 patients aged ≥65 with knee osteoarthritis who underwent TKA at an orthopaedic hospital between November 2019 and May 2020 completed surveys about their own first mobilisation after TKA. They were asked to indicate whether they were afraid of falling by asking a single question, and what their pain level was on a visual analogue scale. They also completed the General Anxiety Disorder scale, the Geriatric Depression Scale-Short Form and the Social Support Rating Scale. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify risk factors for fear of falling during the first mobilisation after TKA. This study was reported in compliance with the STROBE checklist for cross-sectional studies (see Supplementary File S1). RESULTS: Just over half (56.5%) of participants reported being afraid of falling. Multivariate logistic regression identified three independent risk factors that explained a total of 31% of the variance in the fear of falling: female sex (odds ratio (OR) = 4.21, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 2.35-7.55), higher body mass index (OR =3.93, 95% CI =1.53-10.10) and higher anxiety (OR = 1.56, 95% CI = 1.37-1.78). CONCLUSIONS: Many older patients fear falling when they begin to move after TKA, particularly women and those with higher body mass index or anxiety. These subgroups may merit special attention from healthcare professionals to mitigate their fears and optimise recovery after TKA.
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Artroplastia do Joelho , Osteoartrite do Joelho , Acidentes por Quedas , Idoso , Artroplastia do Joelho/efeitos adversos , Estudos Transversais , Medo , Feminino , Humanos , Incidência , Osteoartrite do Joelho/cirurgia , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Diabetic chronic kidney disease (CKD) has become the main cause of death in diabetic patients, but its pathogenesis has not yet been clear. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of reduced glutathione (GSH) on oxidative stress (OS), angiogenesis factors and lymphocyte subsets in diabetic CKD patients. METHODS: A total of 130 subjects were retrospectively studied. The subjects were divided into the control group (45 cases), treatment group (45 cases, treated with reduced GSH), and a healthy control group (40 cases). The levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), malondialdehyde (MDA), endostatin (ES), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and the percentages of lymphocyte subsets were detected. RESULTS: After treatment, the indexes of OS and angiogenesis and the percentage of CD3- CD19+ B cells were obviously decreased, and the percentages of T cell subsets and natural killer (NK) cell subsets were markedly increased in the treatment group compared with the control group. AOPP was positively correlated with angiogenesis indexes, MDA and CD3- CD19+ B cells, and negatively correlated with SOD and other lymphocyte subsets. SOD was inversely associated with angiogenesis indexes and MDA, and positively associated with lymphocyte subsets. Moreover, MDA had a positive correlation with angiogenesis indexes, B and T cell subsets, and a negative correlation with NK cell subsets. AOPP, MDA, SOD, VEGF, CD3+ T cells, CD3+ CD8+ T cells, CD3- CDl6+ CD56+ NK cells, and CD3- CDl6+ CD56+ NK T cells were the risk factors of diabetic CKD. CONCLUSION: GSH could inhibit OS and abnormal angiogenesis, and improve cellular immune response in CKD patients.
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Nefropatias Diabéticas/tratamento farmacológico , Glutationa/uso terapêutico , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/tratamento farmacológico , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Nefropatias Diabéticas/patologia , Feminino , Humanos , Subpopulações de Linfócitos/metabolismo , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neovascularização Fisiológica , Estresse Oxidativo , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/patologia , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
Sea surface roughness (SSR) is a key physical parameter in studies of air-sea interactions and the ocean dynamics process. The SSR quantitative inversion model based on multi-angle sun glitter (SG) images has been proposed recently, which will significantly promote SSR observations through multi-angle remote-sensing platforms. However, due to the sensitivity of the sensor view angle (SVA) to SG, it is necessary to determine the optimal imaging angle and their combinations. In this study, considering the design optimization of imaging geometry for multi-angle remote-sensing platforms, we have developed an error transfer simulation model based on the multi-angle SG remote-sensing radiation transmission and SSR estimation models. We simulate SSR estimation errors at different imaging geometry combinations to evaluate the optimal observation geometry combination. The results show that increased SSR inversion accuracy can be obtained with SVA combinations of 0° and 20° for nadir- and backward-looking SVA compared with current combinations of 0° and 27.6°. We found that SSR inversion prediction error using the proposed model and actual SSR inversion error from field buoy data are correlated. These results can provide support for the design optimization of imaging geometry for multi-angle ocean remote-sensing platforms.
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To compare the detection value of third-generation sequencing (TGS) with pathogenic microbial culture in prosthetic joint infection (PJI). Arthrocentesis was performed on 29 patients who underwent hip and knee revision surgeries. In the PJI group, TGS detected 85.71 % of positive cases, while pathogenic microbial culture detected only 42.85 %. TGS identified 17 different pathogenic microorganisms, including Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus lactis, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. In the loosening group, TGS was positive in one patient, while microbial culture was negative in all cases. TGS showed higher sensitivity (85.71 % vs. 42.85 %), comparable specificity (93.33 % vs. 100 %), and similar positive predictive value (92.31 % vs. 100 %) compared to culture.However, TGS had a higher negative predictive value (87.5 % vs. 65.22 %).Additionally, TGS provided faster results (mean time 23.8±3.6 h) compared to microbial culture (mean time 108.0±9.4 h).These findings suggest that TGS holds promise for detecting pathogenic microorganisms in PJI and has potential for clinical application.
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Sequenciamento de Nucleotídeos em Larga Escala , Infecções Relacionadas à Prótese , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Humanos , Infecções Relacionadas à Prótese/microbiologia , Infecções Relacionadas à Prótese/diagnóstico , Masculino , Feminino , Idoso , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Sequenciamento de Nucleotídeos em Larga Escala/métodos , Bactérias/isolamento & purificação , Bactérias/genética , Bactérias/classificação , Artrocentese , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Valor Preditivo dos TestesRESUMO
Purpose: This study aimed to improve cancer-related fatigue (CRF) and health outcomes of colorectal cancer patients by understanding the status quo of CRF, exploring the relations of coping, anxiety symptoms, depressive symptoms, body image perception and CRF, and also identifying the factors affecting CRF based on a generalized linear modeling approach. Patients and Methods: An exploratory cross-sectional study was conducted on 370 colorectal cancer patients at two hospitals in Anhui Province, China, from July 2020 to February 2021. The data were collected by using general information questionnaire, cancer fatigue scale, simplified coping style questionnaire, generalized anxiety disorder-7 scale, patient health questionnaire-9, and body image scale. Descriptive statistics, t-tests, one-way analysis of variance, Pearson correlation analyses, and generalized linear model analyses were applied to analyze the data. Results: The average CRF score of the patients was 21.612 (SD=6.160), with a prevalence rate of 69.4% for clinically relevant fatigue. The generalized linear model revealed that: In step 1, gender (female) (B=1.799, Waldχ2=7.506, p=0.006), per capita monthly income (1001-3000 RMB) (B=-1.673, Waldχ2=5.536, p=0.019) and treatment modalities (chemotherapy+others) (B=2.425, Waldχ2=8.211, p=0.004) were related to CRF. In step 2, depressive symptoms (B=1.223, Waldχ2=129.019, p<0.001) and negative coping strategies (B=0.215, Waldχ2=11.347, p=0.001) exhibited significant positive correlations with CRF, positive coping strategies (B=-0.319, Waldχ2=59.175, p<0.001) showed significant negative correlations with CRF; While anxiety symptoms (B=0.162, Waldχ2=1.840, p=0.175) and body image perception (B=0.013, Waldχ2=0.048, p=0.826) had no correlations with CRF. Conclusion: The prevalence of CRF was relatively high among colorectal cancer patients. Coping and depressive symptoms were the modifiable influencing factors of CRF. Tailored interventions dedicated to promoting positive coping behavior, diminishing negative coping behavior and reducing depressive symptoms may improve the CRF of patients with colorectal cancer. Healthcare providers working with these patients should receive corresponding education and training in these complementary treatments. Additionally, when developing non-pharmacological interventions, appropriate consideration of the patients' gender, income condition and the type of anticancer treatment is also necessary.
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Background: Osteoporosis (OP) associated with aging exerts substantial clinical and fiscal strains on societal structures. An increasing number of research studies have suggested a bidirectional relationship between circulating inflammatory markers (CIMs) and OP. However, observational studies are susceptible to perturbations in confounding variables. In contrast, Mendelian randomization (MR) offers a robust methodological framework to circumvent such confounders, facilitating a more accurate assessment of causality. Our study aimed to evaluate the causal relationships between CIMs and OP, identifying new approaches and strategies for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of OP. Methods: We analyzed publicly available GWAS summary statistics to investigate the causal relationships between CIMs and OP. Causal estimates were calculated via a systematic analytical framework, including bidirectional MR analysis and Bayesian colocalization analysis. Results: Genetically determined levels of CXCL11 (OR = 0.91, 95% CI = 0.85-0.98, P = 0.008, PFDR = 0.119), IL-18 (OR = 0.88, 95% CI = 0.83-0.94, P = 8.66×10-5, PFDR = 0.008), and LIF (OR = 0.86, 95% CI = 0.76-0.96, P = 0.008, PFDR = 0.119) were linked to a reduced risk of OP. Conversely, higher levels of ARTN (OR = 1.11, 95% CI = 1.02-1.20, P = 0.012, PFDR = 0.119) and IFNG (OR = 1.16, 95% CI = 1.03-1.30, P = 0.013, PFDR = 0.119) were associated with an increased risk of OP. Bayesian colocalization analysis revealed no evidence of shared causal variants. Conclusion: Despite finding no overall association between CIMs and OP, five CIMs demonstrated a potentially significant association with OP. These findings could pave the way for future mechanistic studies aimed at discovering new treatments for this disease. Additionally, we are the first to suggest a unidirectional causal relationship between ARTN and OP. This novel insight introduces new avenues for research into diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for OP.
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Biomarcadores , Estudo de Associação Genômica Ampla , Análise da Randomização Mendeliana , Osteoporose , Humanos , Osteoporose/sangue , Osteoporose/genética , Osteoporose/etiologia , Osteoporose/diagnóstico , Biomarcadores/sangue , Teorema de Bayes , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único , Predisposição Genética para Doença , Inflamação/sangue , Inflamação/genética , FemininoRESUMO
Colorectal cancer (CRC) presents a growing concern globally, marked by its escalating incidence and mortality rates, thus imposing a substantial health burden. This investigation delves into the role of nuclear receptor subfamily 3 group C member 1 (NR3C1) in CRC metastasis and explores the associated mechanism. Through a comprehensive bioinformatics analysis, NR3C1 emerged as a gene with diminished expression levels in CRC. This finding was corroborated by observations of a low-expression pattern of NR3C1 in both CRC tissues and cells. Furthermore, experiments involving NR3C1 knockdown revealed an exacerbation of proliferation, migration, and invasion of CRC cells in vitro. Subsequent assessments in mouse xenograft tumor models, established by injecting human HCT116 cells either through the tail vein or at the cecum termini, demonstrated a reduction in tumor metastasis to the lung and liver, respectively, upon NR3C1 knockdown. Functionally, NR3C1 (glucocorticoid receptor) suppressed SET binding protein 1 (SETBP1) transcription by binding to its promoter region. Notably, mouse double minute 4 (MDM4) was identified as an upstream regulator of NR3C1, orchestrating its downregulation via ubiquitination-dependent proteasomal degradation. Further investigations unveiled that SETBP1 knockdown suppressed migration and invasion, and epithelial to mesenchymal transition of CRC cells, consequently impeding in vivo metastasis in murine models. Conversely, upregulation of MDM4 exacerbated the metastatic phenotype of CRC cells, a propensity mitigated upon additional upregulation of NR3C1. In summary, this study elucidates a cascade wherein MDM4-mediated ubiquitination of NR3C1 enables the transcriptional activation of SETBP1, thereby propelling the dissemination of CRC cells.
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BACKGROUND: RUNX1-IT1 has been characterized as a tumor suppressive long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) in several types of cancer but not gastric cancer (GC). This study aimed to explore the role of RUNX1-IT1 in GC. METHODS: The expression of RUNX1-IT1, microRNA (miR)-20a precursor and mature miR-20a in GC and healthy tissues donated by GC patients (n=62) were measured by RT-qPCR. Correlation analysis was performed by linear regression. The expression of mature miR-20a and miR-20a precursor in cells with overexpression of RUNX1-IT1 was also determined by RT-qPCR. Cell invasion and migration were evaluated by Transwell assays. RESULTS: RUNX1-IT1 was downregulated in GC. Across GC tissues, RUNX1-IT1 and mature miR-20a were inversely correlated. However, RUNX1-IT1 and miR-20a precursor were not closely correlated. RUNX1-IT1 and miR-20a precursor were predicted to interact with each other, and overexpression of RUNX1-IT1 in GC cells decreased the expression levels of mature miR-20a. Transwell assay showed that the enhancing effect of miR-20a on cell invasion and migration was reduced by overexpression of RUNX1-IT1. CONCLUSIONS: RUNX1-IT1 may suppress the GC cell movement by inhibiting the maturation of miR-20a.
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MicroRNAs , RNA Longo não Codificante , Neoplasias Gástricas , Humanos , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Movimento Celular/genética , Proliferação de Células , Subunidade alfa 2 de Fator de Ligação ao Core/genética , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , MicroRNAs/genética , MicroRNAs/metabolismo , RNA Longo não Codificante/genética , RNA Longo não Codificante/metabolismo , Neoplasias Gástricas/genética , Neoplasias Gástricas/patologiaRESUMO
Background: Although fatigue has been shown to be strongly associated with falls risk, very few studies have focused on its mechanism involved in community-dwelling older subjects. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between fatigue and falls risk and its internal mechanism by constructing a chain mediation model. Methods: A cross-sectional study design was adopted. A convenience sample of 270 older adults was recruited from July to October 2021 in an urban community, in Beijing, China. The participants completed the 14-item Fatigue Scale (FS-14), Falls Efficacy Scale International (FES-I), the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) and Fall-Risk Self-Assessment Questionnaire (FRQ) to measure fatigue, falls efficacy, lower limb function and falls risk. The theory of unpleasant symptoms was used as a conceptual framework. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was utilized to test the hypothetical model. Results: The overall fit of final model was found to be satisfactory: χ2/df = 1.61, CFI = 0.971, TLI = 0.962, RMSEA = 0.049 (95% CI 0.030/0.066) and SRMR = 0.023. Fatigue had a direct effect on falls risk (ß = 0.559, S.E. = 0.089, 95% CI 0.380/0.731), and it also had indirect effects on falls risk (ß = 0.303, S.E. = 0.072, 95% CI 0.173/0.460) through mediating factors. Falls efficacy and lower limb function were the main mediating variables, and there was a chain mediating effect (ß = 0.015, S.E. = 0.010, 95% CI 0.003/0.046). Conclusions: Our study suggests that fatigue can influence falls risk among the elderly in China. There are many mediating paths between fatigue and falls risk. These results may help healthcare professionals to better understand the inherent relationship between fatigue and fall risk that may benefit older adults.
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Acidentes por Quedas , Fadiga , Idoso , China/epidemiologia , Estudos Transversais , Fadiga/epidemiologia , Humanos , Extremidade Inferior , Equilíbrio PosturalRESUMO
An improved understanding of global Urban Exposure to Flooding (UEF) is essential for developing risk-reduction strategies for sustainable urban development. This study is the first to assess the long-term historical global UEF at a fine spatial resolution (i.e., 30 m) and annual temporal frequency, with consideration of smaller urban areas in the exposure assessment compared to those using coarse resolution data. We assessed the UEF by investigating the spatially explicit urban expansion in the 100-year floodplain extents. The global UEF increased more than four-fold from 16,443 km2 in 1985 to 92,233 km2 in 2018 with accelerated temporal trends. The most notable growth in UEF occurred in Asia (74.1%), followed by Europe (11.6%), Northern America (8.7%), Africa (2.9%), Southern America (2.2%), and Australia (0.5%). Notably, China and US were the two countries with the largest UEF, accounting for about 61.5% of global growth in UEF. In addition, only 1.2% of global floodplains were occupied by urban expansion by 2018, whereas this percentage reached 20% in the basins of Western Europe, Eastern Asia, and Northeastern US. Moreover, although the floodplains only accounted for 5.5% of the global land areas, 12.6% of the urban expansion occurred in the floodplains from 1985 to 2018, with the most rapid increases in the basins in Southeastern and Eastern China. Our findings highlight that the trends of accelerated increasing urban exposure to flooding have been occurring for at least the past three decades.
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Inundações , Ásia , China , Europa (Continente) , América do SulRESUMO
Activating transcription factor 2 (ATF2) is a tumor driver gene implicated in several human malignancies. This study aimed to determine the roles of ATF2 and its related molecules in the tumorigenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). According to the Pan-cancer bioinformatics system, ATF2 is highly expressed in HCC. An increase in the expression of ATF2 was identified in clinically collected tumor tissues and procured HCC cells. The silencing of ATF2 reduced the viability, colony formation, invasion, and death resistance of HepG2 and SNU-398 cells in vitro. ATF2 promoted the transcription of Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome candidate 1 (WHSC1) by binding to its promoter. WHSC1 further increased the expression of DNA topoisomerase II alpha (TOP2A) in HCC by inducing the dimethylation of histone H3 lysine 36 (H3K36me2) in the TOP2A promoter region. TOP2A activated the oncogenic PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Further overexpression of WHSC1 activated the TOP2A/PI3K/AKT axis and restored the malignant behaviors of HCC cells suppressed by ATF2 silencing in vitro. In summary, this study demonstrated that, depending on WHSC1, ATF2 can activate the TOP2A/PI3K/AKT signaling cascade to promote the tumorigenesis of HCC. ATF2, WHSC1, and TOP2A may serve as potential targets in managing HCC.
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Fator 2 Ativador da Transcrição , Carcinoma Hepatocelular , Neoplasias Hepáticas , Fator 2 Ativador da Transcrição/genética , Carcinogênese/genética , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/patologia , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Proliferação de Células/genética , DNA Topoisomerases Tipo II/genética , DNA Topoisomerases Tipo II/metabolismo , Histona-Lisina N-Metiltransferase/genética , Histona-Lisina N-Metiltransferase/metabolismo , Humanos , Neoplasias Hepáticas/patologia , Fosfatidilinositol 3-Quinases/genética , Fosfatidilinositol 3-Quinases/metabolismo , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-akt/genética , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-akt/metabolismo , Proteínas Repressoras/genética , Proteínas Repressoras/metabolismoRESUMO
Resilience contributes to the recovery of disaster victims. The resilience of Tibetan adolescents after the Yushu earthquake has not been properly studied. This study aimed to examine the current resilience and associated factors in Tibetan adolescent survivors in the hardest-hit area 5 years after the Yushu earthquake. This cross-sectional survey was conducted in the area hit the hardest by the Yushu earthquake. Data were collected from 4681 respondents in October and November 2015. Measurements included the participant characteristics, traumatic earthquake experience, the Connor-Davidson resilience scale (CD-RISC), and the social support appraisals (SS-A) scale. The individual datasets were randomized as 80% for the training set and 20% for the validation set. The mean resilience score of the Tibetan adolescent survivors was 55.0±12.3. Thirteen variables were entered into the regression equation. The three dimensions of social support (from family, from friends, from others than family/friends) were positively associated with resilience (all P<0.05), among which support from others than family/friends was the strongest (r = 0.388, P<0.001). Academic performance, activeness of participation in school activities, harmonious relationship with teachers/classmates, health over the last year, and regular physical exercise were positively associated with resilience (all P<0.05). Being female and being extremely worried about their own lives were negatively associated with resilience (both P<0.05). In conclusion, among Tibetan adolescent survivors to the Yushu earthquake of 2010, support from others than family/friends was the strongest positive factor associated with resilience, while being female and extreme worry about their own lives were negative factors. These results expand our knowledge regarding resilience in Tibetan adolescent disaster survivors.
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Adaptação Psicológica , Desastres , Terremotos , Resiliência Psicológica , Sobreviventes/psicologia , Desempenho Acadêmico , Adolescente , Criança , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Transtornos de Estresse Pós-Traumáticos/psicologia , Estudantes , Inquéritos e Questionários , TibetRESUMO
The widespread occurrence of microplastics in the marine environment has drawn global attention because microplastics may impact the populations of marine organisms. As such, aquaculture industry may suffer from microplastic pollution, especially when plastic products are widely used for aquaculture. Here, we assessed the abundance and characteristics (type, size and composition) of microplastics in sediment and typical commercial species (fish, bivalves and shrimps) in an aquaculture site at Xiangshan Bay, which has been operated intensively for decades. Satellite remote sensing images revealed that aquaculture activities were associated with microplastic pollution in sediment, where the microplastics (51-88 items/kg dry weight) were mostly fibres (>94%) and between 500 and 2000 µm. Cellulose was the predominant polymer (60-88% of microplastic composition), followed by polypropylene. Microplastics accumulated in all the commercial species (0.95-2.1 items per individual), where shrimp (Parapenaeopsis hardwickii) had lower potential for microplastic accumulation than the other species. The predominance of fibres and cellulose in the commercial species implies their limited ability to recognize the type and composition of microplastics during ingestion. Given the limited accumulation of microplastics in these typical commercial species even at a productive aquaculture site, we suggest that microplastics may not increase the health risk of consuming seafood and their impacts on commercial species may be less deleterious than previously thought.
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Microplásticos , Animais , Aquicultura , China , Monitoramento Ambiental , Poluentes Químicos da ÁguaAssuntos
Fibrilação Atrial , Fragilidade , Acidente Vascular Cerebral , Humanos , Idoso , Fibrilação Atrial/tratamento farmacológico , Fragilidade/tratamento farmacológico , Anticoagulantes/uso terapêutico , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/tratamento farmacológico , Idoso Fragilizado , Administração OralRESUMO
To examine the current situation of patient delay and to identify factors associated with patient delay among women with breast cancer in China.A total of 283 women, aged 23 to 83 years old and with histologically confirmed breast cancer, were investigated in this cross-sectional study. The women were recruited from seven selected hospitals in Sichuan Province, China. Face-to-face interviews using a structured questionnaire were performed.Among the 283 participants, the range of patient delay was 0.2 to 900 days with a median patient delay of 50 days. A total of 35.8% of patients waited ≥90 days to access medical treatment after symptom onset. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that the main predictors of patient delay were knowledge of breast cancer symptoms (ORâ=â0.716, 95%CI:0.637-0.804, Pâ=â.000), external health locus of control (ORâ=â1.173, 95%CI:1.087-1.266, Pâ=â.000), breast self-examination/physical examination (ORâ=â0.065, 95%CI: 0.007-0.590, Pâ=â.015), perceived health competence (ORâ=â0.873, 95%CI:0.808-0.944, Pâ=â.000), family support (ORâ=â0.911,95%CI:0.847-0.981, Pâ=â.013), pain stimulation (ORâ=â0.191, 95%CI:0.046-0.792, Pâ=â.023) and age (ORâ=â1.028, 95%CI:1.000-1.058, Pâ=â.049).These factors explained 41.0% of the variance.Information on the current situation and predictors of patient delay in Chinese women with breast cancer might provide meaning insights into the early diagnosis of breast cancer. The results of this study may help health professionals develop specific clinical practice strategies to reduce patient delay of initial treatment as a way to improve outcomes for women with breast cancer.
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Neoplasias da Mama/diagnóstico , Diagnóstico Tardio , Aceitação pelo Paciente de Cuidados de Saúde , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Neoplasias da Mama/psicologia , Neoplasias da Mama/terapia , China , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Controle Interno-Externo , Modelos Logísticos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fatores de Risco , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Adulto JovemRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Earthquake exposure is a source of stress, yet only a minority of survivors experience clinically meaningful disturbance in psychological function. Genetic epidemiological research has found that posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms are associated with genetic factors. Further research to reveal which genetic loci relate to the development of PTSD is warranted. METHOD: We investigated the relationships between PTSD and the dopamine D2 receptor ( DRD2) gene Taq I polymorphism and the serotonin transporter gene ( SCL6A4) polymorphisms 5-hydroxytryptamine transporter gene-linked polymorphic region (5-HTTLPR) and 5-HTTVNTR in 565 adolescent earthquake survivors. PTSD-positive adolescents were identified using the PTSD Checklist-Civilian Version and the Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 4. Genotypes were analyzed using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. The Pearson χ2 test was used to investigate the differences in genotype and allele frequencies between case and control groups. Binary logistic regression analysis was performed to identify possible influencing factors for PTSD. RESULTS: The DRD2 Taq I and 5-HTTVNTR polymorphisms had statistically significant effects on PTSD, while 5-HTTLPR did not. Specifically, the DRD2 Taq I A1 allele was highly positively correlated with PTSD, whereas the 10 allele of 5-HTTVNTR was negatively correlated. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that the DRD2 Taq I and 5-HTTVNTR genotypes moderate sensitivity to stress and the expression of emotional disturbance involving PTSD symptoms. These findings have important implications for PTSD etiology as well as for both primary prevention and treatment strategies.