RESUMO
Chemokines are critical molecules involved in immune reaction and immune system homeostasis, and some chemokines play a role in antiviral immunity. It is not known if the C-C motif chemokine ligand 3 (CCL3), a member of the CC chemokine family, possesses antiviral properties in fish. In this study, a ccl3 was cloned from the mandarin fish (Siniperca chuatsi), and it has an open reading frame (ORF) of 276 base pairs, which are predicted to encode a 91-amino acid peptide. Mandarin fish CCL3 revealed conserved sequence features with four cysteine residues and closely relationships with the CCL3s from other vertebrates based on the sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis. The transcripts of ccl3 were notably enriched in immune-related organs, such as spleen and gills in healthy mandarin fish, and the ccl3 was induced in the isolated mandarin fish brain (MFB) cells following infection with infectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus (ISKNV). Moreover, in MFB cells, overexpression of CCL3 induced immune factors, such as IL1ß, TNFα, MX, IRF1 and IFNh, and exhibited antiviral activity against ISKNV. This study sheds light on the immune role of CCL3 in immune response of mandarin fish, and its antiviral defense mechanism is of interest for further investigation.
Assuntos
Sequência de Aminoácidos , Infecções por Vírus de DNA , Doenças dos Peixes , Proteínas de Peixes , Imunidade Inata , Iridoviridae , Perciformes , Filogenia , Alinhamento de Sequência , Animais , Proteínas de Peixes/genética , Proteínas de Peixes/imunologia , Proteínas de Peixes/química , Doenças dos Peixes/imunologia , Doenças dos Peixes/virologia , Perciformes/imunologia , Perciformes/genética , Infecções por Vírus de DNA/imunologia , Infecções por Vírus de DNA/veterinária , Iridoviridae/fisiologia , Alinhamento de Sequência/veterinária , Imunidade Inata/genética , Regulação da Expressão Gênica/imunologia , Quimiocina CCL3/genética , Quimiocina CCL3/imunologia , Clonagem Molecular , Perfilação da Expressão Gênica/veterinária , Sequência de BasesRESUMO
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has received considerable attention as a potential risk factor for depressive symptoms. The systematic review was conducted to confirm the doseâresponse connection between OSA severity and depression risk. A systematic literature search of English and Chinese articles published in PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and SinoMed databases from their inception to 28 August 2023 was conducted. An evaluation using the NewcastleâOttawa Scale was performed. A meta-analysis was used to evaluate the impact of OSA severity. A random-effects doseâresponse model was conducted to evaluate the linear and nonlinear doseâresponse connections. We evaluated publication bias by funnel plots, and symmetry by Egger's test. We identified 18 cross-sectional researches. 3143 participants which were involved in the doseâresponse meta-analysis. Contrasted with mild OSA, individuals with severe OSA had a higher adjusted risk of depression (rate ratio: 1.34, 95% confidence interval = 1.05-1.70), with substantial heterogeneity (I2 = 70.9%, Pheterogeneity<0.001). There is a significant linear connection between OSA severity and depression risk. The depression risk increased by 0.4% for every 1 event per hour increase in the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI). The protocol for this unfunded research was drafted and registered at PROSPERO (ID CRD42023474097).