In vitro developmental toxicology assays: A review of the state of the science of rodent and zebrafish whole embryo culture and embryonic stem cell assays.
Birth Defects Res C Embryo Today
; 90(2): 87-98, 2010 Jun.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-20544698
ABSTRACT
In vitro developmental model systems have been an important tool for advancing basic research in the embryology and teratology fields. The rat and zebrafish embryo models have had broad utility in both fields for many decades. Furthermore embryonic stem cells, applied as a basic research tool, have broad applications across the development fields and many other fields including cancer, regeneration and epigenetic research. These models have historically been applied in mechanistic studies but were also considered promising for evaluating teratogenic potential of test substances. In recent years, in vitro teratogenicity assays have become an area of interest for supporting the 3 Rs (reduction, refinement, and replacement of animal use). Generation of such assays also provides a means to facilitate early assessment of test agents at a higher throughput without excessive use of animals. In this review, the three models are described with an emphasis of how they are being developed and/or refined to support teratogenicity assessment as screening tools. An overview of the state of the science and future directions are described.
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Peixe-Zebra
Tipo de estudo:
Prognostic_studies
Limite:
Animals
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Birth Defects Res C Embryo Today
Assunto da revista:
EMBRIOLOGIA
/
TERATOLOGIA
Ano de publicação:
2010
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Estados Unidos