Active and passive demethylation of male and female pronuclear DNA in the mammalian zygote.
Cell Stem Cell
; 15(4): 447-459, 2014 Oct 02.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-25220291
ABSTRACT
The epigenomes of mammalian sperm and oocytes, characterized by gamete-specific 5-methylcytosine (5mC) patterns, are reprogrammed during early embryogenesis to establish full developmental potential. Previous studies have suggested that the paternal genome is actively demethylated in the zygote while the maternal genome undergoes subsequent passive demethylation via DNA replication during cleavage. Active demethylation is known to depend on 5mC oxidation by Tet dioxygenases and excision of oxidized bases by thymine DNA glycosylase (TDG). Here we show that both maternal and paternal genomes undergo widespread active and passive demethylation in zygotes before the first mitotic division. Passive demethylation was blocked by the replication inhibitor aphidicolin, and active demethylation was abrogated by deletion of Tet3 in both pronuclei. At actively demethylated loci, 5mCs were processed to unmodified cytosines. Surprisingly, the demethylation process was unaffected by the deletion of TDG from the zygote, suggesting the existence of other demethylation mechanisms downstream of Tet3-mediated oxidation.
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Zigoto
/
Núcleo Celular
/
Metilação de DNA
/
Mamíferos
Limite:
Animals
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Cell Stem Cell
Ano de publicação:
2014
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
China