Microsatellite instability is biased in Amsterdam II-defined Lynch-related cancer cases with family history but is rare in other cancers: a summary of 1000 analyses.
BMC Cancer
; 22(1): 73, 2022 Jan 17.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-35039004
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Microsatellite instability (MSI) is a key marker for predicting the response of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and for screening Lynch syndrome (LS).AIM:
This study aimed to see the characteristics of cancers with high level of MSI (MSI-H) in genetic medicine and precision medicine.METHODS:
This study analyzed the incidence of MSI-H in 1000 cancers and compared according to several clinical and demographic factors.RESULTS:
The incidence of MSI-H was highest in endometrial cancers (26.7%, 20/75), followed by small intestine (20%, 3/15) and colorectal cancers (CRCs)(13.7%, 64/466); the sum of these three cancers (15.6%) was significantly higher than that of other types (2.5%)(P < 0.0001). MSI-H was associated with LS-related cancers (P < 0.0001), younger age (P = 0.009), and family history, but not with smoking, drinking, or serum hepatitis virus markers. In CRC cases, MSI-H was significantly associated with a family history of LS-related cancer (P < 0.0001), Amsterdam II criteria [odds ratio (OR) 5.96], right side CRCs (OR 4.89), and multiplicity (OR 3.31). However, MSI-H was very rare in pancreatic (0.6%, 1/162) and biliary cancers (1.6%, 1/64) and was null in 25 familial pancreatic cancers. MSI-H was more recognized in cancers analyzed for genetic counseling (33.3%) than in those for ICI companion diagnostics (3.1%)(P < 0.0001). Even in CRCs, MSI-H was limited to 3.3% when analyzed for drug use.CONCLUSIONS:
MSI-H was predominantly recognized in LS-related cancer cases with specific family histories and younger age. MSI-H was limited to a small proportion in precision medicine especially for non-LS-related cancer cases.Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Neoplasias Colorretais
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Neoplasias Colorretais Hereditárias sem Polipose
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Instabilidade de Microssatélites
/
Anamnese
/
Neoplasias
Tipo de estudo:
Incidence_studies
/
Prognostic_studies
Limite:
Adult
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Aged
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Aged80
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Female
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Humans
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Male
/
Middle aged
Idioma:
En
Revista:
BMC Cancer
Assunto da revista:
NEOPLASIAS
Ano de publicação:
2022
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Japão