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Centurial Persistence of Forever Chemicals at Military Fire Training Sites.
Ruyle, Bridger J; Thackray, Colin P; Butt, Craig M; LeBlanc, Denis R; Tokranov, Andrea K; Vecitis, Chad D; Sunderland, Elsie M.
Afiliação
  • Ruyle BJ; Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States.
  • Thackray CP; Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States.
  • Butt CM; SCIEX, Framingham, Massachusetts 01701, United States.
  • LeBlanc DR; U.S. Geological Survey, New England Water Science Center, Northborough, Massachusetts 01532, United States.
  • Tokranov AK; U.S. Geological Survey, New England Water Science Center, Northborough, Massachusetts 01532, United States.
  • Vecitis CD; Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States.
  • Sunderland EM; Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States.
Environ Sci Technol ; 57(21): 8096-8106, 2023 05 30.
Article em En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37184088
Drinking water contamination by per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) is widespread near more than 300 United States (U.S.) military bases that used aqueous film-forming foams (AFFF) for fire training and firefighting activities. Much of the PFAS at these sites consist of precursors that can transform into terminal compounds of known health concern but are omitted from standard analytical methods. Here, we estimate the expected duration and contribution of precursor biotransformation to groundwater PFAS contamination at an AFFF-contaminated military base on Cape Cod, Massachusetts, United States, by optimizing a geochemical box model using measured PFAS concentrations from a multidecadal time series of groundwater and a soil survey in the source zone. A toolbox of analytical techniques used to reconstruct the mass budget of PFAS showed that precursors accounted for 46 ± 8% of the extractable organofluorine (a proxy for total PFAS) across years. Terminal PFAS still exceed regulatory limits by 2000-fold decades after AFFF use ceased. Measurements and numerical modeling show that sulfonamido precursors are retained in the vadose zone and their slow biotransformation into perfluoroalkyl sulfonates (half-life > 66 yr) sustains groundwater concentrations of perfluorobutane sulfonate (PFBS) and perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS). The estimated PFAS reservoir in the vadose zone and modeled flux into groundwater suggest PFAS contamination above regulatory guidelines will persist for centuries without remediation.
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Texto completo: 1 Coleções: 01-internacional Base de dados: MEDLINE Assunto principal: Poluentes Químicos da Água / Água Subterrânea / Fluorocarbonos / Militares Tipo de estudo: Qualitative_research Limite: Humans Idioma: En Revista: Environ Sci Technol Ano de publicação: 2023 Tipo de documento: Article País de afiliação: Estados Unidos

Texto completo: 1 Coleções: 01-internacional Base de dados: MEDLINE Assunto principal: Poluentes Químicos da Água / Água Subterrânea / Fluorocarbonos / Militares Tipo de estudo: Qualitative_research Limite: Humans Idioma: En Revista: Environ Sci Technol Ano de publicação: 2023 Tipo de documento: Article País de afiliação: Estados Unidos