Enhanced antibacterial properties and magnetic removal of Fe3O4/fenugreek seed gum/silver nanocomposites for water treatment.

This study reports the synthesis, characterization, and antibacterial activity of a novel Fe3O4 nanocomposite coated with fenugreek seed gums and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). To enhance the antibacterial properties of AgNPs and overcome the limitations of conventional methods for the production of three-component nanocomposites, a layer of natural polymer was used. Fenugreek seed gums (FSG) were used to coat Fe3O4 NPs to prevent their decomposition and to facilitate the release of silver nanoparticles in aqueous media. The Fe3O4/FSG/Ag nanocomposites were characterized and then the antibacterial activity of the nanocomposites was evaluated against two gram-negative and two gram-positive bacteria and compared with Fe3O4, Fe3O4/FSG, FSG, and AgNO3. The results showed that the Fe3O4/FSG/Ag nanocomposites had higher antibacterial activity than the other samples and could be easily removed from treated water by a powerful magnet without causing pollution in the environment. Overall, these findings suggest that the Fe3O4/FSG/Ag nanocomposites have potential applications in water treatment for their improved antibacterial properties and ease of removal.