Multifunctional Bacterial Cellulose/Covalent Organic Framework Composite Membranes with Antifouling and Antibacterial Properties for Dye Separation.

Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have a wide application prospect in wastewater treatment because of their unique structure and properties; however, the preparation of pure COF membranes remains a great challenge by reason of the insolubility and unprocessability of COF powders formed at high temperature and high pressure. In this study, a continuous and defect-free bacterial cellulose/covalent organic framework composite membrane was prepared by using bacterial cellulose (BC) and a porphyrin-based COF with their unique structures and hydrogen bonding forces. The dye rejection rate of this composite membrane toward methyl green and congo red was up to 99%, and the permeance was about 195 L m-2 h-1 bar-1. It showed excellent stability under different pH conditions, long-time filtration, and cyclic experimental conditions. In addition, the hydrophilicity and surface negativity of the BC/COF composite membrane made it have certain antifouling performance, and the flux recovery rate can reach 93.72%. More importantly, the composite membrane exhibited excellent antibacterial properties due to the doping of the porphyrin-based COF, and the survival rates of both Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were less than 1% after exposure to visible light. The self-supporting BC/COF composite membrane synthesized by this strategy also has outstanding antifouling and antibacterial properties, in addition to excellent dye separation effects, which greatly broaden the application of COF materials in water treatment.

Effects of Ulinastatin on Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury, Cardiac Function, and Serum TNF-α and IL-10 Levels in Patients Undergoing Cardiac Valve Replacement under Cardiopulmonary Bypass.

Background: Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) is a very common adverse reaction after cardiac valve replacement (CVR) under cardiopulmonary bypass, which seriously affects the rehabilitation and prognosis of patients. Objective: The prevention and treatment of MIRI are a hotspot of modern medical research, and this study is aimed at providing reliable reference and guidance for future clinical prevention and treatment of MIRI by analyzing the effects of ulinastatin (UL) on cardiac function and MIRI of patients after CVR. Methods: A total of 104 patients undergoing CVR under cardiopulmonary bypass in our hospital were selected as research participants. Among them, 52 patients treated with UL were assigned to the observation group, and the rest 52 patients given the same amount of normal saline were assigned to the control group. The cardiopulmonary bypass status, postoperative status, cardiac function, inflammatory response, oxidative stress response, and hemodynamics were observed and compared between the two groups. In addition, clinical efficacy and safety and patient prognosis were compared. Results: Through experimental analysis, we found that UL had no significant effect on the clinical efficacy, safety, and prognosis of patients after surgery (P > 0.05) but had obvious protective effects on cardiopulmonary bypass status, cardiac function, inflammation, oxidative stress, and hemodynamics (P < 0.05). Conclusion: UL can effectively prevent the occurrence of MIRI after CVR under cardiopulmonary bypass, which is worthy of clinical application.

Smart Hydrogel Sensors with Antifreezing, Antifouling Properties for Wound Healing.

Flexible electronic devices with biological therapeutic and sensing properties are one of the current research directions. Here, a multifunctional hydrogel for stress sensing and wound healing was prepared by a simple one-pot method and a solution replacement method. Among them, zwitterionic polymers promote wound healing by promoting the polarization of M2 macrophages, collagen deposition, and blood vessel formation. Glycerin can significantly improve the resilience and frost resistance of the hydrogel, ensuring that a sensor made using the hydrogel can work normally in a cold environment. In addition, zwitterionic polymers are highly biocompatible, providing excellent antibacterial adhesion to aid the wound healing process, and good electrical conductivity enhances sensing sensitivity and stability. Based on these properties, multifunctional hydrogels could detect human vital activities while promoting wound healing, providing new ideas for the fields of diagnosis and wound dressing.