Education in health for individuals with chronic pain: clinical trial / Educação em saúde para indivíduos com dor crônica: ensaio clínico

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The use of socio-educational booklets is recommended for assisting in the control of chronic pain. However, the efficacy and safety of these light technologies have not yet been tested enough for widespread application, based on the model of scientific evidence. This study aimed to assess the effect of a health education program in individuals suffering from CP using the EducaDor booklet. METHODS: Randomized clinical trial conducted with chronic pain patients from Unidades Básicas de Saúde (UBS - Primary Health Care Units) in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. Assessments were performed using the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI), Visual Analog Scale of Pain (VAS-P) and World Health Organization Quality of Life instrument-Bref (WHOQoL-bref ), before and after the intervention, for intra and intergroup analyses: Test Group (Booklet) and Control Group (Conventional Care). The contents of the EducaDor booklet were presented didactically in six meetings with an interval of one week between them. RESULTS: The sample was composed of 10 individuals in each group (n = 20). In the Control Group, there was an increase in pain intensity (p=0.034), while the Test Group showed a reduction in pain intensity (p=0.015) and a lower level of interference in the physical, psychological, social relationships and environmental quality of life domains (p<0.05). In the intergroup comparisons, an improvement was observed in the domain of social relationships in the Test Group (p=0.015). CONCLUSION: EducaDor booklet has been shown to be effective and safe for the education of patients suffering from CP by reducing pain intensity and improving patients' quality of life.

RESUMO JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: Recomenda-se a utilização de cartilhas socioeducativas para auxiliar no controle da dor crônica (DC). No entanto, a eficácia e a segurança dessas tecnologias leves foram pouco testadas para ampla aplicação, com base no modelo de evidências científicas. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito de um programa de educação em saúde em indivíduos com DC por meio da cartilha EducaDor. MÉTODOS: Ensaio clínico randomizado realizado com indivíduos que apresentam DC em Unidades Básicas de Saúde (UBS) de Salvador, Bahia, Brasil. Os participantes foram submetidos à aplicação do Inventário Breve de Dor (BPI), Escala Analógica Visual (EAV) e do instrumento de Qualidade de Vida da Organização Mundial da Saúde - Bref (WHOQoL-bref ), antes e após a intervenção, para análises intra e intergrupos: Grupo Teste (booklet) e Grupo Controle (cuidado convencional). O conteúdo da cartilha EducaDor foi apresentado didaticamente em seis encontros com intervalo de uma semana entre eles. RESULTADOS: A amostra foi composta por 10 pessoas em cada grupo (n = 20). No Grupo Controle, houve aumento da intensidade da dor (p=0,034), enquanto o Grupo Teste apresentou redução da intensidade de dor (p=0,015) e menor nível de interferência nos domínios de qualidade de vida físico, psicológico, social e ambiental (p<0,05). Nas comparações intergrupos, observou-se melhora no domínio relações sociais no Grupo Teste (p=0,015). CONCLUSÃO: A cartilha EducaDor mostrou-se eficaz e segura para a educação de pacientes com DC, por reduzir a intensidade da dor e melhorar a qualidade de vida dos pacientes.

APOLLO I: Anticoagulation control in atrial fibrillation.

INTRODUCTION AND AIMS: Anticoagulation control as assessed by time in therapeutic range (TTR) correlates positively with the safety and efficacy of thromboprophylaxis in atrial fibrillation. We set out to assess TTR in our unit and to investigate determinants of better control. METHODS: This was a case series study of atrial fibrillation patients anticoagulated with warfarin or acenocoumarol at the Family Health Unit of Fânzeres. Sociodemographic and clinical data were collected and TTR was calculated by the Rosendaal method, based on international normalized ratio tests performed in external laboratories in the preceding six months. SPSS 21.0 was used for the statistical analysis, with descriptive statistics, Spearman's correlation, and the Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis tests. RESULTS: Of the 106 eligible patients, 70% participated in the study. Median TTR was 65.3% (P25=48.3%, P75=86.8%). We found a positive association between this variable and duration of atrial fibrillation (ρ=0.477, p<0.001, r(2)=0.116) and with duration of anticoagulation (ρ=0.5, p<0.001, r(2)=0.087). No association was found with age, gender, educational level or existence of a caregiver (p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Median TTR in our unit is similar to that in southern European countries and close to the good control threshold (70%) proposed by the European Society of Cardiology. The duration of atrial fibrillation and of anticoagulation explains only a small part of the measure's variability. Other determinants of anticoagulation control must be investigated in future studies and comparative studies should be carried out in family health units monitoring anticoagulation on the premises.

Programa de reabilitação profissional para trabalhadores com incapacidades por LER/DORT: relato de experiência do Cerest-Piracicaba, SP / Rehabilitation program for of workers with RSI/WRMD at Cerest-Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil

Este artigo relata a experiência do projeto-piloto em reabilitação profissionalpara adoecidos de LER/DORT em andamento no Centro de Referência em Saúde do Trabalhador de Piracicaba (Cerest-Piracicaba) desde 2007, a partir da reconstituição do seu modelo assistencial e de vigilância em Saúde do Trabalhador, por meio da caracterização de seus aspectos constitutivos fundamentais e da lógica da intervenção. As várias fases da programação desenvolvidas pela equipe interdisciplinar, os métodos empregados e os fundamentos teóricos que norteiam o equacionamento entre a situação-problema e a consecução dos objetivos pretendidos são descritos. Os resultados quantitativos e qualitativos obtidos até o momento são analisados à luz dos elementos estratégicos facilitadores,bem como das relações de interesse que atuam como impedimentospara a participação no programa e para o retorno ao trabalho dos trabalhadores reabilitados. As lições aprendidas e algumas propostas que poderiam contribuir para a eficiência de uma política pública de reabilitação profissional concluem o presente estudo.

Starting from a historical review of occupational rehabilitation, this essay reflects on the possibilities of structuring a public policy towards a real social reinclusin of the injured and diseased workers, and not as a bureaucratic mechanism to reduce social security benefit costs. Aimed at workers with disabilities caused by traumatic accidents, the occupational rehabilitation department of the National Social Security Institute (INSS) in Brazil, which existed until the 1990s, proved to be inadequate to reintegrate workers with health problems of epidemic profile, particularly Repetitive Strain Injuries/Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders(RSI/WRMD). At that time, as a consequence of a privatizing policy, these structures within INSS were dismantled and companies had to assume the reintroduction of workers. The development of an occupational rehabilitation policy requires the inclusion of occupational health as a topic in economic development policies, the deconstruction of the current thought and system geared primarily by pension costs, the real articulation of Health and Social Welfare in national and local projects, the inclusion of a distributive quality in the modernization plans, the monitoring of workers? trajectory, and institutional transparency.