The first successful case of ABO-incompatible living-donor lobar lung transplantation following desensitization therapy.

ABO-incompatible (ABO-I) living-donor lobar lung transplantation (LDLLT) was successfully performed in a 14-year-old girl who suffered from bronchiolitis obliterans due to graft-versus-host disease following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. In the ABO-I LDLLT procedure, the blood type O patient received a right lower lobe donated from her blood type B father and a left lower lobe donated from her blood type O mother. Desensitization therapy, using rituximab, immunosuppressants, and plasmapheresis, was implemented for 3 weeks prior to transplantation to reduce the production of anti-B antibodies in the recipient and prevent acute antibody-mediated rejection after ABO-I LDLLT.