Effects of the Chinese Heart-Healthy Diet (Sichuan Cuisine Version) on the 10-year CVD risk and vascular age: a randomised controlled feeding trial.

Sichuan cuisine was previously fitted into the Chinese Heart-Healthy Diet (CHH) trial to verify the antihypertensive effect. Whether the modified Sichuan diet lessens cardiovascular disease (CVD) is not fully explored. We aimed to estimate the effects of the Sichuan version of CHH diet (CHH diet-SC) on the 10-year risk of CVD and vascular age. A single-blinded randomised controlled feeding trial was conducted. General CVD prediction model was used in manners of intention-to-treat and per-protocol set. After a 7-d run-in period, fifty-three participants with pre- and grade I hypertension from local communities were randomised and provided with either CHH diet-SC (n 27) or a control diet (n 26) for 4 weeks. Mean absolute and relative estimated CVD risks were reduced by 4·5 % and 27·9 % in the CHH diet-SC group, and the between-group relative risk reduction was 19·5 % (P < 0·001) using linear mixed-effects models. The sensitivity analysis with datasets and models showed consistent results, and pre-specified factors were not associated with the intervention effects. The vascular age of CHH-SC group was theoretically 4·4 years younger than that of the control group after intervention. Compared with a typical diet, adopting the CHH diet-SC over 1 month significantly reduced 10-year CVD risks and vascular ages among local adults with mild hypertension.

Effects of Chinese heart-healthy diet on blood lipids, glucose, and estimated 10-y cardiovascular disease risk among Chinese adults: results on secondary outcomes of a randomized controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: Healthy diet is essential for cardiovascular disease risk management, but its effects among Chinese patients, whose diets differ from Western diets, remain largely unknown. METHODS: In this multicenter, patient- and outcome assessor-blind, randomized controlled feeding trial, 265 Chinese adults with baseline systolic blood pressure 130 to 159 mmHg were randomly assigned into Chinese heart-healthy (CHH) diet or usual diet for a 28-d intervention after a 7-d run-in period on usual diet. Blood lipids and glucose were measured from overnight fasting blood samples before and after the intervention. Ten-year cardiovascular disease risk was estimated using models previously developed and validated in Chinese. The changes in secondary outcomes of serum total cholesterol (TC), blood glucose, and 10-y cardiovascular disease risk over the intervention period were compared between intervention groups, adjusting for center, among participants with baseline and follow-up blood samples available. Sensitivity analyses were done with further adjustment for baseline values and covariables; missing data imputed; and among per-protocol population. RESULTS: Among 256 eligible participants (130 on CHH diet, 126 on control diet), 42% had hypercholesterolemia and 15% had diabetes at baseline. In the control group, TC and 10-y cardiovascular disease risk decreased after the intervention by 0.16 mmol/L and 0.91%, respectively, but blood glucose increased by 0.25 mmol/L. Compared with usual diet, the CHH diet lowered TC (-0.14 mmol/L, P = 0.017) and 10-y cardiovascular disease risk (-1.24%, P = 0.001) further. No effect on blood glucose was found. All sensitivity analyses confirmed the results on TC and 10-y cardiovascular disease risk, and analysis with multiple variables adjusted showed a borderline significant effect on blood glucose (-0.17 mmol/L, P = 0.051). The differences in intake of nutrients and food groups between intervention groups explained the results. CONCLUSIONS: The CHH diet reduced TC and 10-y cardiovascular disease risk and was likely to reduce blood glucose among Chinese adults with mild hypertension. Further studies with longer terms are warranted. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03882645.

[Advances on the study of iron deficiency and mental development in children].

Childhood is a critical period for mental development. Iron deficiency will affect the development of nerve system and depress the learning ability, memory and cognitive function of children. There are a large number of literatures focusing on the mechanism of iron deficiency on mental retardation and the effect of iron reinforcement on iron deficient children in recent years. More attention has been paid to the prevention of iron deficiency. It has been proposed that the prevention of iron deficiency during early life of infants is more important than the reinforcement of iron in childhood. Exploring the relationship between iron deficiency and mental development is very important to improve the intelligence of children and the quality of whole population.

[Treatment of urinary tract calculi in preschool children with endoscopy].

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the safety and feasibility of endoscopy in treating urinary tract calculi in preschool children. METHODS: From August 2004 to August 2008, 28 preschool children with urinary tract calculi were treated by endoscopy, 11 cases received ureterolithotripsy (URL) and 17 cases received minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy (MPCNL). RESULTS: Of 11 cases with ureteric calculi, 5 cases were rendered stone free in the first session, the other 6 cases received passive dilation by indwelling of ureteric stents for 1 to 3 weeks and underwent successful ureteroscopy with a 8/9.8 Fr rigid ureteroscope. Seventeen cases with renal calculi received MPCNL and were rendered stone free. CONCLUSION: Our study shows that endoscopy in treating urinary tract calculi is safe and feasible in preschool children.