How COVID-19 prevention burnout impacts emotional symptoms among Chinese college students: A moderated mediation model.

The current study investigated the relationship between COVID-19 prevention burnout and emotional symptoms (depression and anxiety) among 1,837 Chinese college students and the underlying mechanisms. Results from moderated mediation analysis revealed that the association between COVID-19 prevention burnout and emotional symptoms was mediated by psychological inflexibility (ß = 0.20, 95%CI = [0.10, 0.19]). Also, COVID-19 prevention burnout's direct and indirect effects on emotional symptoms were more substantial for students with high susceptibility to emotional contagion than those with low susceptibility. These findings contribute to understanding how COVID-19 prevention burnout relates to emotional symptoms and provide a new perspective for interventions promoting students' psychological flexibility, particularly those with higher susceptibility to emotional contagion.

Worry, rumination and negative metacognitive beliefs as moderators of outcomes of Transdiagnostic group cognitive-behavioural therapy in emotional disorders.

BACKGROUND: Despite the relevance of cognitive processes such as rumination, worry, negative metacognitive beliefs in emotional disorders, the existing literature about how these cognitive processes moderate the effect of treatment in treatment outcomes is limited. The aim of the present study was to explore the potential moderator effect of baseline cognitive processes-worry, rumination and negative metacognitive beliefs-on the relationship between treatment allocation (transdiagnostic cognitive-behavioural therapy -TD-CBT plus treatment as usual-TAU vs. TAU alone) and treatment outcomes (anxiety and depressive symptoms, quality of life [QoL], and functioning) in primary care patients with emotional disorders. METHODS: A total of 631 participants completed scales to evaluate worry, rumination, negative metacognitive beliefs, QoL, functioning, and anxiety and depressive symptoms. RESULTS: Worry and rumination acted as moderators on the effect of treatment for anxiety (b = -1.25, p = .003; b = -0.98, p = .048 respectively) and depressive symptoms (b = -1.21, p = .017; b = -1.34, p = .024 respectively). Individuals with higher baseline levels of worry and rumination obtained a greater reduction in emotional symptoms from the addition TD-CBT to TAU. Negative metacognitive beliefs were not a significant moderator of any treatment outcome. LIMITATIONS: The study assesses cognitive processes over a relatively short period of time and uses self-reported instruments. In addition, it only includes individuals with mild or moderate anxiety or depressive disorders, which limits generalization to other populations. CONCLUSIONS: These results underscore the generalization of the TD-CBT to individuals with emotional disorders in primary care with different cognitive profiles, especially those with high levels of worry and rumination.

Emotional symptoms and cognitive function outcomes of subthalamic stimulation in Parkinson's disease depend on location of active contacts and the volume of tissue activated.

BACKGROUND: Subthalamic nucleus (STN) deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an effective treatment for Parkinson's disease (PD), that can improve patients' motor and non-motor symptoms. However, there are differences in the improvement of patients' emotional symptoms and cognitive function. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the impact of active contact location and the volume of tissue activated (VTA) on patients' emotional symptoms and cognitive function in STN-DBS in PD. METHODS: A total of 185 PD patients were included in this study. We evaluated them using the Movement Disorder Society-Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale, Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAM-A), Hamilton Depression Scale (HAM-D), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scales at the preoperative, 1- and 12-month postoperative time points. Leads were positioned in standard space using the Lead-DBS toolbox, and VTA was calculated for analysis. RESULTS: When the lead active contact was closer to the ventral side of the STN, the patients' HAM-A improvement rate was higher, and when the active contact was closer to the anterior and dorsal sides of the STN, the patients' MoCA improvement rate was higher. Stimulation of the sensorimotor zone was more favorable to the improvement of HAM-A and HAM-D in patients. And, the stimulation of the associative zone was more favorable to the improvement of MoCA in patients. CONCLUSION: Our results provide evidence that the 12-month outcomes of cognitive function and emotional symptoms in PD patients with STN-DBS were closely related to the specific location of the active contacts in the STN and influenced by the VTA.

Emotion Regulation as a Moderator of Outcomes of Transdiagnostic Group Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Emotional Disorders.

The aim of this study was to examine the potential moderating effect of baseline emotion regulation skills-cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression-on the relationship between treatment allocation and treatment outcomes in primary care patients with emotional symptoms. A total of 631 participants completed scales to evaluate emotion regulation, anxiety, depression, functioning, and quality of life (QOL). The moderation analysis was carried out using the SPSS PROCESS macro, version 3.5. Expressive suppression was a significant moderator in the relationship between treatment allocation and treatment outcomes in terms of symptoms of anxiety (b = -0.530, p = .026), depression (b = -0.812, p = .004), and QOL (b = 0.156, p = .048). Cognitive reappraisal acted as a moderator only in terms of QOL (b = 0.217, p = .028). The findings of this study show that participants with higher scores of expressive suppression benefited more from the addition of transdiagnostic cognitive-behavioral therapy to treatment as usual (TAU) in terms of anxiety and depressive symptoms, and QOL. Individuals with higher levels of cognitive reappraisal obtained a greater benefit in terms of QOL from the addition of psychological treatment to TAU. These results underscore the relevant role that emotion regulation skills play in the outcomes of psychological therapy for emotional symptoms.

Emotional symptoms and sensation seeking: Implications for tobacco interventions for youth and young adults.

INTRODUCTION: Although emotional symptoms and sensation seeking are recognized as important risk factors for tobacco use among youth and young adults, to date, their joint influence on tobacco use has not been examined. METHODS: Data used in this study are from the Texas Adolescent Tobacco and Marketing Surveillance study, a population-based cohort. At baseline, in 2014, participants were in the 10th grade. Mixed-effects logistic regression models examined associations between emotional symptoms and sensation seeking in 2014 and odds of past 30-day cigarette and e-cigarette use in 2018. Interactions between emotional symptoms and sensation seeking were examined to assess whether one modifies the effect of the other on cigarette and e-cigarette use. RESULTS: After adjusting for age, sex, race/ethnicity, school type, and ever use of cigarettes or e-cigarettes at baseline, adolescents with high emotional symptoms (AORcig=1.97; 95% CI:1.07-3.60, and AORe-cig=1.68; 95% CI: 1.06-2.66) and with high sensation seeking tendencies (AORcig=2.05; 95% CI: 1.03-4.10, and AORe-cig=1.68; 95% CI: 1.02-2.76) had significantly higher odds of past 30-day cigarette and e-cigarette use four years later compared to adolescents with low emotional symptoms and low sensation seeking tendencies. The interaction was significant (p=0.01) for e-cigarette use only; among low sensation seekers, adolescents who reported high levels of emotional symptoms were at increased risk for past 30-day use (AORe-cig=3.43; 95% CI: 1.38-8.51), and among adolescents with low emotional symptoms, high sensation seekers were at increased for risk for past 30-day use (AORe-cig=3.50; 95% CI: 1.54-7.91). CONCLUSIONS: It is important for tobacco use prevention programs to consider both behavioral risk factors - sensation seeking and emotional symptoms - in an integrative way, to target high risk subgroups and thereby increase the efficacy of existing effective intervention strategies in order to curb tobacco use among youth and young adults.

Family dynamics and alcohol and marijuana use among adolescents: The mediating role of negative emotional symptoms and sensation seeking.

The literature indicates a close relationship between family dynamics and psychoactive substance use among adolescents, and multi-causality among substance use-related problems, including personal adolescent characteristics as potential influential aspects in this relationship. The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of emotional symptoms and sensation seeking as mediators in the relationship between family dynamics and alcohol and marijuana use among adolescents. The sample consisted of 571 high school students with a mean age of 14.63, who completed the Communities That Care Youth Survey in its Spanish version. We propose and test a mediation-in-serial model to identify the relationships between the study variables. The results of the mediation models indicate that, in most cases, the relationship between family dynamics and the substance use variables is meaningfully carried through the proposed mediators, first through negative emotional symptoms, and then through sensation seeking. The meaning of the mediation varies as a function of the facet of family dynamics (conflict or attachment) and the use aspect (age of onset, frequency of use, and use intention). We discuss the implications of these findings for intervention and prevention strategies.

Problemas de salud asociados al uso del teléfono celular / Health problems associated with cell phone use

Introducción: Actualmente la función de la telefonía celular conecta al usuario con el mundo a través del internet dándole acceso a un cúmulo de información. A pesar de todos los beneficios, existen problemas en salud a consecuencia del uso prolongado, se manifiestan en ansiedad, irritabilidad, inquietud y malestar general; alteraciones de la sensibilidad, lesiones cervicales, problemas visuales y cefalea. Objetivos: Analizar la existencia de problemas de salud asociados al uso del teléfono celular en estudiantes de enfermería universitarios. Analizar la relación entre el uso del teléfono celular y los problemas de salud físicos y psicoemocionales de estudiantes de enfermería universitarios. Metodología: Estudio cuantitativo no experimental, de corte transversal, descriptivo, prolectivo y correlacional. Se aplicó la encuesta "Escala de Uso Problemático del Teléfono Celular Modificada" a 265 estudiantes de enfermería de FES Iztacala. Resultados: El 57% de la población usa su teléfono celular para redes sociales. En los problemas físicos, 32% de estudiantes inician con problemas leves, 5% moderados y 1% graves. En los problemas psicoemocionales, 25% inician con problemas leves, 4% moderados y 2% graves. Hay asociación entre el uso y problemas de salud psicoemocionales (rp=0.659, p=0.000), al igual que con problemas de salud físicos (rp=0.541, p=0.000). Discusión: De acuerdo con Alonso-Fernández los síntomas se desarrollan más profundamente en la mente que en el cuerpo pues el tiempo de exposición afecta órganos y sistemas, principalmente el sistema nervioso implicando la psique. Conclusiones: El uso frecuente del teléfono celular está vinculado al acceso a internet, haciendo que el usuario pase más tiempo utilizando el dispositivo. Aunque son pocos los casos que presentan problemas, es indispensable que enfermería se involucre en estos tópicos, para el desarrollo de estrategias preventivas en la aparición de los problemas de salud asociados.

Introduction: Currently cellphones connect the users with the world through internet, giving them access to lots of information. In spite of all the benefits, there are health problems caused by the prolonged usage of it, they're manifested as anxiety, irritability, restlessness and physical discomfort; sensibility alterations, cervical injuries, visual problems and headache. Objectives: To analyze the existence of health problems associated to the cellphone usage among college nursing students. To analyze the relationship between the cellphone usage and physical and phycho-emotional health issues among college nursing students. Methodology: Prolective, correlational, descriptive, cross-sectional and non-experimental quantitative study. The survey "Escala de Uso Problemático del Teléfono Celular Modificada" was applied to 265 nursing students from FES Iztacala. Results: 57% of the population uses its phone for social networks. About physical problems, 32% of students are beginning to experience subtle problems, 5% moderate problems and 1% severe problems. About psycho-emotional issues, 25% are beginning to experience subtle issues, 4% moderate issues, and 2% severe issues. There's an association between cellphone usage and psycho-emotional health issues (rp=0.659, p=0.000) as well as with physical problems (rp=0.541, p=0.000). Discussion: According to Alonso-Fernández the symptoms are developed deeper on the mind than on the body due to exposition time the affects organs and systems, mainly the nervous system implying the psyche. Conclusions: The frequent usage of mobile phones is linked to the internet access, so the user spends more time using the device. Although the cases that present problems are few, it is essential for nursing to get involved in these topics in order to develop precautionary strategies in the appearance of related health issues.