Reconstruction using a free jejunal graft after resection of the cervical esophagus for malignancy.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Reconstruction using a free jejunal graft (FJG) after resection of the cervical esophagus has become common, but postoperative morbidity remains. We report herein our procedure and the results of reconstruction for neck cancer using FJGs. METHODOLOGY: Twenty-four patients underwent FJG reconstruction after laryngo-pharyngo-esophagectomy. We perform a mini-laparotomy with a 5-cm para- or trans-rectus muscle incision. The FJG is then harvested from the jejunum supplied by the second or third mesenteric artery, and a jejunostomy is created. Pharyngo-jejunal anastomosis is performed using an Albert-Lembert suture and jejunal-esophageal anastomosis by a circular stapling technique. The facial artery or suprathyroid artery is used as the feeding artery, and the common facial vein or external jugular vein as the drainage vein. Vascular anastomosis is performed microsurgically. RESULTS: In terms of postoperative morbidity, minor anastomosis leakage of the pharyngo-jejunal anastomosis was observed in one patient, stricture of the jejunal-esophageal anastomosis in four, and wound infection in one. No cases of passage disorder due to graft bending were seen, and no patients died. CONCLUSIONS: The procedure using FJG harvested via mini-laparotomy is minimally invasive and is a feasible procedure for reconstruction after laryngo-pharyngo-esophagectomy, resulting in low morbidity.

Use of intraoperative endoscopy to localize bleeding in the small intestine.

INTRODUCTION: Bleeding within the small intestine is difficult to diagnose and localize because it typically occurs at a slow rate. These patients may undergo multiple transfusions and repeated endoscopy, contrast studies, bleeding scans, and angiography before the bleeding source is identified. CASE REPORT: We report a case of 64-year-old woman, where both endoscopic and angiographic techniques were used to localize protracted bleeding. During endoscopic treatment, the arteriovenous malformations continued bleeding. However, highly selective angiography and intraoperative endoscopy outlined the segments of small intestine for resection. This case reviews the evaluation, localization and treatment of small intestine bleeding. DISCUSSION: Localizing the site of protracted bleeding in the small intestine beyond the duodenum bulb can be problematic. For some patients, the course of examinations and transfusions can take years. The small intestine is an uncommon site for gastrointestinal hemorrhage, and only 3%-5% of gastrointestinal bleeding occurs between the ligament of Treitz and the ileocecal valve. The length and location of the small intestine, along with other anatomical factors, make this area difficult to assess with endoscopy or radiology. In this case of protracted bleeding, highly selective angiography and intraoperative endoscopy were used to locate the source of the bleeding.

Jejunal Dieulafoy lesion with intraintestinal calcification on computerized tomography: A case report.

RATIONALE: A Dieulafoy lesion is a rare cause of gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding, especially in the jejunum, and the presence of calcifications on CT might be suspicious of the diagnosis. PATIENT CONCERNS: We describe a 72-year-old woman with anemia and melena. Hemoglobin was 6.0 g/dL, and the stools were positive for occult blood (4+). Blood pressure was 116/54 mm Hg. Physical examination showed pale face and pitting edema in both lower limbs. Abdominal computerized tomography showed calcification in the small intestine of the left lower abdomen. Capsule endoscopy showed a blood clot. DIAGNOSES: Dieulafoy lesion. INTERVENTIONS: Single balloon endoscopy was performed via the oral approach and showed a blood clot on the suspected submucosal tumor of jejunum. A hemostatic clip was placed at the base of the lesion to allow the surgeon to locate it during the operation. Laparoscopy was performed, and the lesion was resected. OUTCOMES: The postoperative pathology showed a Dieulafoy lesion. The lower extremity edema subsided. GI bleeding did not recur over 1 year of follow-up, and hemoglobin was 12.2 g/dL. A Dieulafoy lesion is a rare cause of GI bleeding, and it is even rarer in the jejunum. LESSONS: A Dieulafoy lesion does not have special imaging features, but the presence of calcifications in the small intestine on computerized tomography might be suspicious of the diagnosis. When endoscopic treatment is difficult, surgical treatment could be considered.

Transhepatic portal stent placement and jejunal varix embolization for management of treatment-limiting gastrointestinal bleeding in a patient with unresectable recurrent intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.

Recurrent cholangiocarcinoma carries a dismal prognosis, with surgery providing the only potential cure. In those with unresectable disease, chemotherapy is the typical therapeutic mainstay but, given the myelosuppressive effects of this regimen, a pre-existing cytopenia may necessitate dose delay or reduction and contribute to poorer patient outcomes. We present a case of unresectable recurrent cholangiocarcinoma in which chronic gastrointestinal bleeding precluded chemotherapy administration, and which was successfully managed by portal vein stenting and ectopic variceal embolization.

Endovascular Coil Migration Into the Intestinal Lumen: Two Cases of Successful Nonoperative Management.

Endovascular embolization of visceral arteries is commonly performed as treatment for aneurysms, pseudoaneurysms, and emboloradiation of liver tumors; while considered relatively safe, it is not without complications. We are reporting 2 cases of coil migration into the gastrointestinal tract. Patients were successfully managed without endoscopic or surgical coil removal. Patients were followed after discharge and noted to have no further complications from their migrated coils. These cases highlight the success of expectant management for coil migration. We recommend against invasive intervention for coil removal as first-line treatment for endovascular coil migration into the intestinal tract. We urge providers to weigh the risks and benefits of coil removal, prior to invasive intervention.

A case of fetal midgut volvulus and jejunal atresia: nutritional support and maintenance of mucosal function and integrity.

Fetal midgut volvulus is a quite rare disease. Here, we report a case of a preterm newborn with fetal peritonitis, jejunal atresia with volvulus of post-atresic small bowel since about 30 cm from ileo-cecal valve (ICV) followed by a not-used microileus and microcolon. The surgical intervention consisted in the resection of volvulated necrotic small bowel followed by primary anastomosis. After surgery, total parenteral nutrition (TPN) has been started since 16(th) of post-operative days when enteral feeding (EN) was administered with a lactose-free formula containing hydrolyzed protein and medium-chain triglycerides (Pregestimil). Re-establishing intestinal continuity was preferred rather than stoma that would have required TPN. In fact, re-operation could have led to a shorter residual small bowel (RSB), since the anastomosis was at 15 cm from ICV. Our study provides evidence that not only the type of procedure (enteral versus parenteral) of nutritional support, but also the type of milk may modify the outcome. Early EN should be encouraged in newborn abdominal surgical patients because it is associated with reduced complications.

[Uterine and jejunum perforation due to intrauterine device. A report of a case and literature review]. / Perforación uterina y del yeyuno causada por un dispositivo intrauterino. Presentación de un caso con revisión de la literatura.

The application of a copper IUD can perforate completely the uterus and involve adjacent organs such as the bladder, small bowel, colon, rectum or appendix. Once the diagnosis is established, complete extraction must follow. We present a case report of a 33 year-old patient in which a copper IUD was placed in a medical office, three months after a third cesarean, without history of sepsis. Ninety days after placement, the patient complained of menstrual irregularities (opsomenhorrea) without any other symptoms. On physical examination with speculum, the IUD's guide strings were not visible; a transvaginal USG was performed without visualization of the IUD in the uterine cavity. An abdominal CAT scan showed the presence of the IUD outside the uterus. Hysteroscopy-laparoscopy was performed with transoperatory fluoroscopy, which revealed the copper IUD inside the yeyunum, a complete extraction followed with entero-entero anastomosis. This case will show that IUD placement is not innocuous and that adjacent organ damage must always be considered and resolved immediately.

[Intestinal invagination in the adult secondary to jejunal lipoma]. / Invaginación intestinal en el adulto secundaria a lipoma yeyunal.

Small bowel intussusception is an unusual pathology in the adult. Most commonly, it is secondary to intestinal wall organic disorders. A complete small bowel obstruction is the most frequent clinical presentation, which requires emergency surgery in many cases. The preoperative diagnosis is infrequent. The best treatment is surgical resection.

Successful endovascular embolisation of a jejunal artery aneurysm.

Jejunal artery aneurysms are rare, with only six cases reported in the literature to date. Endovascular embolisation of the jejunal artery is rarely performed. Herein, we report the case of a 57-year-old man who successfully underwent endovascular embolisation for bleeding caecal diverticulosis, during which a 9-mm fusiform jejunal artery aneurysm was incidentally diagnosed. Subsequently, the jejunal aneurysm was successfully embolised using Vortex coils.