Persistent cutaneous ulcers after Yttrium-90 synovectomy, an unusual complication: two case reports and a review of the literature.

ABSTRACT

Development of persistent deep cutaneous ulceration is a rare and serious complication of radiosynovectomy, an extended procedure used in the treatment of chronic synovitis. Cutaneous radiation necrosis is a rare complication of synovectomy, probably as a result of radiocolloid para-articular injection. This rare phenomenon should be suspected when an ulcer adjacent to an articulation appears several days or even months after a radiation synovectomy. It can turn into a challenging diagnosis for rheumatologists, orthopaedists and dermatologists, especially in those cases with a late development of the skin lesions. Recognition of this potential side effect is important in order to establish a proper therapeutic strategy and avoid unnecessary treatments. Surgical excision appears to be the treatment of choice. We report two patients with knee osteoarthritis treated with intra-articular injection of Yttrium-90 who developed persistent cutaneous ulcers secondary to radiation necrosis.