RESUMEN
Propósito: Reportar nuestra experiencia con la Cecostomía Percutánea en el manejo de pacientes pediátricos con incontinencia fecal. Pacientes Método: Entre marzo 2002 y agosto 2005, se efectuaron 20 cecostomías percútáneas. La edad promedio fue de 8.9 años. Las causas de incontinencia fueron: malformación anorectal en 18 casos, mielomeningocele en 1 caso y constipación crónica en el restante. Todos los procedimientos se realizaron bajo anestesia general y control radioscópico. En todos los casos se utilicó un catéter Dawson Mueller de 8.5 F, que se reemplazó luego de 45 días, por un botón ad-hoc (trapdoor catheter). Resultados: Todos los procedimientos fueron satisfactorios. No se registraron complicaciones mayores. Conclusión: La Cecostomia Pecutánea es un procedimiento seguro y efizaz para el manejo de pacientes con incontinencia fecal de cualquier origen. El objetivo de este procedimiento es permitir el lavado anterógrado de todo el colon. Con ello se evita la necesidad de repetidos enemas evacuantes, lo que contribuye significtivamente a la mejor calidad de vida de estos pacientes.
Asunto(s)
Niño , Cateterismo , Cecostomía/métodos , Colon/anomalías , Incontinencia Fecal/terapiaRESUMEN
Orthotopic liver transplantation is the only definitive mode of therapy for children with end-stage liver disease. However, it remains challenging because of the necessity to prevent long-term complications. The aim of this study was to analyze the evolution of transplanted patients with more than one year of follow up. Between November 1992 and November 2001, 238 patients underwent 264 liver transplantations. A total of 143 patients with more than one year of follow up were included. The median age of patients +/- SD was 5.41 years +/- 5.26 (r: 0.58-21.7 years). All children received primary immunosuppression with cyclosporine. The indications for liver replacement were: fulminant hepatic failure (n: 50), biliary atresia (n: 38), cirrhosis (n: 37), chronic cholestasis (n: 13) and miscellaneous (n: 5). The indications for liver re-transplantation were: biliary cirrhosis (n: 7), hepatic artery thrombosis (n: 4) and chronic rejection (n: 3). Reduced-size liver allografts were used in 73/157 liver transplants, 14 of them were from living-related donors and 11 were split-livers. Patient and graft survival rates were 93% and 86% respectively. Death risk was statistically higher in retransplanted and reduced-size grafted patients. Growth retardation and low bone density were recovered before the first 3 years post-transplant. The incidence of lymphoproliferative disease was 7.69%. De novo hepatitis B was diagnosed in 7 patients (4.8%). Social risk did not affect the outcome of our population. The prevention, detection and early treatment of complications in the long-term follow up contributed to improve the outcome.(AU)