CDK6 3'UTR polymorphisms alter the susceptibility to cervical cancer among Uyghur females.

AIMS: Cyclin dependent kinase 6 (CDK6) plays a crucial role in malignant tumor whereas less is reported in cervical cancer development. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of CDK6 3' untranslated region (3'UTR) polymorphisms on cervical cancer susceptibility among Uyghur females. METHODS: The genotypes of the six CDK6 variants (rs8179, rs42032, rs42033, rs42034, rs42035, and rs42038) were identified among 306 cervical cancer cases and 310 healthy controls with the Agena MassARRAY platform. The associations of the candidate single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with the cervical cancer risk were evaluated under genetic models using conditional logistic regression analysis. Bioinformatics analysis was performed for SNP function prediction with the online databases. The expression differences between tumor tissues and normal cervix samples were also examined by Real-time PCR. RESULTS: CDK6 rs8179 and rs42033 were correlated to the decreased risk of cervical cancer in Uyghurs under the allele model (rs8179 and rs42033: OR = 0.60, 95% CI: 0.37-0.99, p = 0.043) and log-additive model (rs8179 and rs42033: OR = 0.62, 95% CI: 0.38-1.00, p = 0.047). Rs8179, rs42032, and rs42033 were associated with susceptibility to high-grade cervical cancer in different genetic models as well (p < 0.05). Dataset-based analysis also uncovered the potential effects of these significant SNPs. In addition, aberrant expression of CDK6 were detected in cervical tumors. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggested the relationships between CDK6 3'UTR polymorphisms and cervical cancer pathogenesis, and the involvement of CDK6 in cervical cancer development among Uyghur females.

Serum Se, Ni, and As are associated with HPV infection and CIN2+ among Uyghur women in rural China.

BACKGROUND: Cervical cancer incidence and mortality is high in Uyghur ethnics. Their life style and dietary habit were different from other ethnics living together. Study on the role of trace elements in HPV infection and cervical lesion of Uyghur minority is needed for future intervention and prevention work. METHODS: In total, 833 Uyghur women were randomly selected from the screening site and hospital. The concentrations of the trace elements As, Fe, Cd, Ni, Cu, Zn, Mn, and Se were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy. Univariate analysis was performed with chi-squared test between the HPV-positive and HPV-negative groups and between the case group and the control group. Multivariate analysis was performed with logistic regression. RESULTS: An As concentration ≥ 0.02 mg/kg was a risk factor for HPV infection (OR > 1, P < 0.05), and Ni concentration ≥ 0.1232 mg/kg and Se concentration ≥ 0.02 mg/kg were protective factors (OR < 1, P < 0.05). Concentrations of Fe ≥ 6.9153 mmol/L and As ≥0.02 mg/kg were risk factors for CIN2+ (OR > 1, P < 0.05), and concentrations of Ni ≥0.0965 mg/kg and Se ≥0.02 mg/kg were protective factors (OR < 1, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Low serum concentrations of Se and Ni and a high serum concentration of As might be related to HPV infection and CIN2+ in Uyghur women in rural China.

Knowledge of cervical cancer and Pap smear among Uyghur women from Xinjiang, China.

BACKGROUND: Cervical cancer is a significant public health issue in Xinjiang China. In order to provide scientific basis for cervical cancer intervention in Xinjiang, women's knowledge of cervical cancer was investigated in this study. Besides, relations between Uyghur women's awareness and their age, educational background, yearly household were evaluated. METHODS: Questionnaire survey was conducted to 7100 Uyghur women from Karkax Hotan and Payzivat Kashgar during 2008 and 2009. Women aged 21 to 70 years, had sexual activity, no history of cervical lesion or cervical cancer were considered to be eligible to the study. Information include participants' socio-demographic background, personal data, awareness about Pap smear, about cervical cancer and HPV, sources of information acquisition was investigated. RESULTS: 65.1% of the 7100 respondents with primary education level, and 95.0% participants were farmers. Only 7.4% had undertaken Pap smears before, not aware of the importance of the test (97.4% of 7100) was the main reason for not performing Pap smears. 29.3% of total participants had heard about cervical cancer, and only 0.14% (10 out of 7100) had heard about HPV. Top three route of knowledge acquire were television advertises (39.1%), neighbors (21.0%) and health care providers (15.0%). Women younger than 40 years, with higher educational levels and higher income had better awareness of cervical cancer and more willing to accept regular Pap smears. CONCLUSIONS: Uyghur women in Xinjiang had poor knowledge of cervical cancer and HPV infection. Low awareness of women was associated with less household income and lower educational levels. TV shows and education from health care providers may increase women's participation in cervical cancer control and prevention.