RESUMEN
AIM: Analysis of epidemic manifestations of natural-foci infections (NFI), clarification of spectrum of their causative agents, determination of epizootic activity of natural foci in the Crimea Federal District (KFD). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Epizootologic examination of 10 administrative districts of KDF was carried out. 291 pools (2705 specimens) of ixodes ticks and 283 samples of organs of small mammals were studied by PCRmethod for the presence of DNA/RNA of causative agents of a number of NFI. RESULTS: Morbidity by NFI in KFD was registered by 6 nosologies: Lyme borreliosis, Marseilles fever, leptospirosis; tularemia, intestine yersiniosis and tick-borne viral encephalitis, wherein, transmissive infections made up 91.6%. Circulation of causative agents of Crimea hemorrhagic fever, Q fever, group of tick-borne spotted fever, Lyme borreliosis, human granulocytic anaplasmosis, human monocytic ehrlichiosis, hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, West Nile fever, tularemia and leptospirosis was established. CONCLUSION: Due to activity of natural foci of NFI further monitoring of epidemiologic and epizootologic manifestations of these infections in the Crimea, including using genetic methods of analysis, is necessary for ensuring sanitary-epidemiologic welfare of KFD population.
Asunto(s)
Infección Focal/epidemiología , Enfermedad de Lyme/epidemiología , Enfermedades por Picaduras de Garrapatas/epidemiología , Virus/aislamiento & purificación , Fiebre del Nilo Occidental/epidemiología , Animales , ADN Viral/genética , ADN Viral/aislamiento & purificación , Reservorios de Enfermedades , Infección Focal/genética , Infección Focal/virología , Humanos , Ixodes/patogenicidad , Ixodes/virología , Enfermedad de Lyme/genética , Enfermedad de Lyme/virología , Mamíferos/virología , Federación de Rusia , Enfermedades por Picaduras de Garrapatas/genética , Enfermedades por Picaduras de Garrapatas/virología , Virus/genética , Virus/patogenicidad , Fiebre del Nilo Occidental/genéticaRESUMEN
The analysis of the international experience in providing measures of health and disease safety at the Olympic Games was done. The stages of the formation of bio-security system at public events were considered, including measures to prevent infection outbreaks, the use of computer and information technologies.
Asunto(s)
Bioterrorismo/prevención & control , Salud Ambiental/organización & administración , Incidentes con Víctimas en Masa/prevención & control , Vigilancia en Salud Pública/métodos , Seguridad Computacional , Salud Ambiental/métodos , Humanos , Conducta de Masa , DeportesRESUMEN
To improve the sanitary and epidemiological surveillance at the Olympic Games has developed a system of GIS for monitoring objects and situations in the region of Sochi. The system is based on software package ArcGIS, version 10.2 server, with Web-java.lang. Object, Web-server Apach, and software developed in language java. During th execution of the tasks are solved: the stratification of the region of the Olympic Games for the private and aggregate epidemiological risk OCI various eti- ologies, ranking epidemiologically important facilities for the sanitary and hygienic conditions, monitoring of infectious diseases (in real time according to the preliminary diagnosis). GIS monitoring has shown its effectiveness: Information received from various sources, but focused on one portal. Information was available in real time all the specialists involved in ensuring epidemiological well-being and use at work during the Olympic Games in Sochi.
Asunto(s)
Salud Ambiental/organización & administración , Monitoreo Epidemiológico , Informática Médica/organización & administración , Vigilancia en Salud Pública/métodos , Programas Informáticos , Seguridad Computacional , Salud Ambiental/métodos , Sistemas de Información Geográfica , Humanos , Conducta de Masa , Federación de Rusia , DeportesRESUMEN
Official statistics of Republican SES on infectious diseases are used. The characteristics of the current epidemiological situation in the Republic of Abkhazia is given. The analysis of infectious dis- eases from 2012 to 2014 is presented. It was found that the most widespread infectious diseases are acute respiratory viral and acute intestinal infection. During the analyzed period in the country outbreaks of dysentery, whooping cough and measles were reported. Epidemic threat is the presence of active natu- ral foci of infectious diseases and permanently disadvantaged anthrax points on the territory ofAbkhazia. Activities carried out by the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Abkhazia with the help and active participation of Rospotrebnadzor contributed stabilization the epidemiological situation.
Asunto(s)
Carbunco/prevención & control , Brotes de Enfermedades , Disentería/epidemiología , Infección Focal/prevención & control , Sarampión/epidemiología , Tos Ferina/epidemiología , Enfermedad Aguda , Adulto , Niño , Monitoreo Epidemiológico , Humanos , Federación de Rusia/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
Data from literature and results of epizootological examination of the territory of Republic of Abkhazia in 2011 and 2012 that confirm the presence in the republic of natural foci of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, West Nile fever, Crimean hemorrhagic fever, tick-borne encephalitis, Q fever, tahyna, inkoo, bhanja, sindbis fever, anaplasmosis, tick-borne borreliosis, tularemia and leptospirosis are presented. Rabies and anthrax are actual for Abkhazia. Spread of Aedes aegypti mosquitos in the republic may become a threat to the epidemiological welfare of the region in case of introduction of dangerous arbovirus infections.
