Femoral Nerve Palsy Post Total Hip Arthroplasty (THA) via a Posterolateral Approach.

Femoral nerve palsy (FNP) is a debilitating and relatively rare complication of total hip replacement, which can worsen the functional prognosis. Various surgical approaches, including posterior, lateral, and anterior, are employed in total hip arthroplasty (THA), and the chosen approach can influence which nerve is affected. There is currently a lack of recent research on the prevalence of FNP and its typical course of recovery. In this clinical case, we report a rare incidence of FNP that presented as a complication of primary THA in a patient with end-stage osteoarthritis secondary to developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). A 35-year-old female presented with groin pain and restricted movement in her hip joint. She had a history of undergoing complex open-reduction surgery for hip dysplasia. During the physical examination, a positive Trendelenburg gait was identified, along with end-stage osteoarthritis (OA) secondary to the dysplasia. She subsequently underwent THA using a posterolateral approach. Following the procedure, she experienced neurological symptoms, leading to the diagnosis of FNP, a rare occurrence.

Prevalence of autism spectrum disorder among Saudi children between 2 and 4 years old in Riyadh.

OBJECTIVES: We aimed to estimate the prevalence of autism spectrum disorder between 2 and 4 years old in Riyadh, Saudi Arabi Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among Saudi children aged 2-4 years between December 2017 and March 2018 at five different hospitals in Riyadh. RESULTS: A Total of 398 children were included. The prevalence of ASD was estimated to be (2.51%, 1:40, 25 per 1000)), with a male to female ratio of 3:1. CONCLUSION: The estimated high prevalence rate of ASD is close to recent trends in international studies. Future population-based studies are required.

The histological spectrum of tubulo-reticular inclusion positive renal biopsies: a tertiary hospital experience and review of the literature.

AIM: To identify the underlying diseases with TRI-positive kidney biopsies, and describe the histological pattern and spectrum of TRI-positive kidney biopsies. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of all patients' chart that underwent renal biopsy at King Saud University Medical City between 2012 and 2017 was done. Kidney biopsies that indicated a positive result for tubuloreticular inclusions (TRI's) on electron microscopy were reviewed and the underlying disease and histological pattern was extracted. RESULTS: Of 1,473 native kidney biopsies reviewed, 96 (6.5%) were TRI-positive. Of the 96 TRI-positive kidney biopsies, 87 (90.6%) were TRI-positive lupus nephritis (LN); of which 10 (11.5%) were Class V, 49 (56.3%) were active LN, and 28 (32.2%) were inactive LN. The underlying diseases of the nine non-LN TRI-positive cases included diabetic nephropathy, connective tissue disorders, immune complex mediated Glomerulonephritis (GN), acute thrombotic microangiopathy, rhabdomyolysis, and Wegener's disease. CONCLUSION: LN is a very common finding in TRI-positive kidney biopsies. Active LN and chronic LN are the more common classes of TRI-positive LN kidney biopsies, than pure membranous (Class V) LN. TRI positive kidney biopsies without LN are commonly found in diabetic nephropathy, connective tissue disorders and immune mediated GN's. This study highlights this finding in our patients cohort in opposition to what has been reported in the literature.