[Socio-demographic and clinical-psychological characteristics of patients with residual schizophrenia and directions of their psychosocial rehabilitation]. / Sotsial'no-demograficheskie i kliniko-psikhologicheskie osobennosti patsientov s ostatochnoi shizofreniei i napravleniya ikh psikhosotsial'noi reabilitatsii.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the socio-demographic, clinical and psychological characteristics of patients with residual schizophrenia, to identify variants of residual states and to determine measures for psychosocial rehabilitation on this basis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: At the time of investigation, 91 patients with the diagnosis of residual schizophrenia (F20.5xx according to ICD-10) were under dispensary supervision in the psychoneurological dispensary No. 18 of Moscow. A study of the medical records of all these patients was carried out. Twenty-three patients consented to face-to-face examination. The Positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS), the Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R), the Brief Assessment of Cognitive Functions in Schizophrenia (BACS) and the author's questionnaire concerning the opinion of psychiatrists on the clinical and social characteristics of patients with residual schizophrenia were used. Mathematical and statistical methods implemented in the STATISTICA 12.1 software and the Excel office suite were used. The method of stochastic nesting of neighbors («T-distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding¼, t-SNE) implemented in the Python program to cluster cases and identify variants of residual states was used. RESULTS: The patients with residual schizophrenia belonged to the cohort of elderly patients (mean age 66.3±13.28 years) with a predominance of females (62.22%). At the time of examination, the course of the schizophrenic process had a negative impact on the social life and professional activities of patients, which led to disability of 74.72% patients and 91.55% of them had disability due to a mental disorder. The analysis showed that patients with residual schizophrenia was a heterogeneous group with a predominant presence of negative symptoms in the clinical picture (the composite score on the PANSS negative subscale was17.79±6.67). Three variants of residual states were identified using clustering by the t-SNE method of individual PANSS indicators. Deficiency symptoms with features of pseudoorganic syndrome prevailed in the first variant. In the second variant, patients had mild positive symptoms, mainly in the form of paranoia and residual delirium, as well as a psychopathic syndrome. The third, small group, included patients with the most favorable variant of remission, having a fairly high level of social adaptation, mainly with personality changes. CONCLUSION: The obtained data were correlated with the results of a psychological examination. It was revealed that patients with residual schizophrenia were not sufficiently included in the process of psychosocial treatment and rehabilitation. Taking into account the identified variants of residual states, the directions of possible psychosocial interventions were determined.

[Innovative technology for assessing the level of compliance of mentally ill people]. / Innovatsionnaya tekhnologiya otsenki priverzhennosti lecheniyu psikhicheski bol'nykh.

OBJECTIVE: To develop a technology for evaluating indicators of patient's compliance, taking into account clinical, socio-demographic, psychological characteristics of the patient and characteristics of the family environment, as well as factors of psychiatric care, based on appropriate compliance algorithms and models. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included 107 patients (44 men and 63 women) with diagnoses of schizophrenia, schizoaffective and schizotypal disorders that met the criteria of ICD-10, as well as 105 members of their families. A set of 12 clinical and psychological questionnaires and scales was used for data collection. Clinical, statistical (correlation and regression analysis), system analysis methods, and the analytic hierarchy process were used. RESULTS: A technology for converting rank data into numerical information has been developed. The authors provide models for assessing compliance for groups of patients, which were selected based on awareness of the disease, syndromic characteristics, gender. An algorithm for evaluating the weighted, averaged prognosis (in %) of the patient's compliance level in the corresponding groups was developed. Examples of calculations for evaluating the prognosis of patient's compliance are given. CONCLUSION: The developed models for assessing the level of patient's compliance and the identified characteristics of patients, family environment and factors of psychiatric care that are important for compliance make it possible to increase the effectiveness of therapy, justify the choice of personal strategies for psychosocial and psychoeducational interventions, reduce the risk of re-hospitalization, and increase the level of social adaptation and quality of life of patients and their families.

[A comparative study of vitamin status of children 5-6 years of age in different children's institutions]. / Sravnitel'noe izuchenie vitaminnogo statusa detei 5-6 let v razlichnykh detskikh kollektivakh.

A total of 205 children were under observation (48 children aged 1.5-3 years in a Baby's Home--spring, 1987; 85 children aged 3-6 years in nurseries with 24-hour stay--spring, 1987; 77 children aged 3-6 years in a Children's Home--spring, 1989). As a result of nutrition reorganization in these institutions vitamin consumption increased due to a more rational selection of food products and the vitamin status of children improved. This was more expressed in vitamin excretion levels, than in the incidence rate of microsymptoms of vitamin deficiency. Additional vitaminization with multivitamin compounds is necessary to eliminate vitamin deficiency in preschool children of isolated institutions.

[Possibility of using the indirect fluorescent antibody technic to analyze immunoglobulins in certain neurogenetic diseases]. / O vozmozhnosti ispol'zovaniia metoda nepriamoi immunofliuorestsentsii dlia analiza immunoglobulinov pri nekotorykh neirogeneticheskikh zabolevaniiakh.

Results of examining the sera of 11 normal donors and 37 patients with various neutogenetic diseases using, the Coons indirect immunofluorescence technique are presented. The patients' immunoglobulins could be better fixed on nervous tissue components than those of the control donors. This seems likely to be due to both a rise in the content of serum immunoglobulins and accumulation of specific anticerebral antibodies in the patients' blood. It is suggested that in all cases of using indirect immunofluorescence the quantitative determination of immunoglobulins and serum titration should be carried out.