RESUMEN
We describe colistin-resistant KPC-2-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from cerebrospinal fluid, belonging to ST423, selected during treatment for neuroinfection. Colistin resistance was related to mgrB gene interruption by an IS5-like.
Asunto(s)
Colistina/farmacología , Farmacorresistencia Bacteriana/genética , Infecciones por Klebsiella/microbiología , Klebsiella pneumoniae , beta-Lactamasas/genética , ADN Bacteriano/líquido cefalorraquídeo , Humanos , Klebsiella pneumoniae/efectos de los fármacos , Klebsiella pneumoniae/genética , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Mutagénesis Insercional/genéticaRESUMEN
Intercellular junctions play a role in regulating islet cytoarchitecture, insulin biosynthesis and secretion. In this study, we investigated the animal metabolic state as well as islet histology and cellular distribution/expression of CAMs and F-actin in the endocrine pancreas of C57BL/6/JUnib mice fed a high-fat diet (HFd) for a prolonged time period (8 months). Mice fed a HFd became obese and type 2 diabetic, displaying significant peripheral insulin resistance, hyperglycemia and moderate hyperinsulinemia. Isolated islets of HFd-fed mice displayed a significant impairment of glucose-induced insulin secretion associated with a diminished frequency of intracellular calcium oscillations compared with control islets. No marked change in islet morphology and cytoarchitecture was observed; however, HFd-fed mice showed higher beta cell relative area in comparison with controls. As shown by immunohistochemistry, ZO-1, E-, N-cadherins, α- and ß-catenins were expressed at the intercellular contact site of endocrine cells, while VE-cadherin, as well as ZO-1, was found at islet vascular compartment. Redistribution of N-, E-cadherins and α-catenin (from the contact region to the cytoplasm in endocrine cells) associated with increased submembranous F-actin cell level as well as increased VE-cadherin islet immunolabeling was observed in diabetic mice. Increased gene expression of VE-cadherin and ZO-1, but no change for the other proteins, was observed in islets of diabetic mice. Only in the case of VE-cadherin, a significant increase in islet content of this CAM was detected by immunoblotting in diabetic mice. In conclusion, CAMs are expressed by endocrine and endothelial cells of pancreatic islets. The distribution/expression of N-, E- and VE-cadherins as well as α-catenin and F-actin is significantly altered in islet cells of obese and diabetic mice.
Asunto(s)
Moléculas de Adhesión Celular/metabolismo , Diabetes Mellitus Experimental/metabolismo , Dieta Alta en Grasa , Insulina/metabolismo , Islotes Pancreáticos/metabolismo , Animales , Cadherinas/análisis , Cadherinas/metabolismo , Cateninas/análisis , Cateninas/metabolismo , Moléculas de Adhesión Celular/análisis , Diabetes Mellitus Experimental/patología , Secreción de Insulina , Islotes Pancreáticos/patología , Masculino , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Proteína de la Zonula Occludens-1/análisis , Proteína de la Zonula Occludens-1/metabolismoAsunto(s)
Antibacterianos/farmacología , Carbapenémicos/farmacología , Enterobacter/efectos de los fármacos , Enterobacter/enzimología , Infecciones por Enterobacteriaceae/microbiología , Resistencia betalactámica , beta-Lactamasas/metabolismo , Brasil , Enterobacter/genética , Enterobacter/aislamiento & purificación , Genotipo , Humanos , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , beta-Lactamasas/genéticaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: Qnr-mediated quinolone resistance is increasingly detected worldwide, but few studies have been carried out so far in Brazil. The aim of this study was to test for qnr determinants in isolates of ciprofloxacin-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae. METHODS: Fifteen ciprofloxacin-resistant isolates from urine cultures of hospitalized patients at a university hospital in North-East Brazil were investigated. Specific PCRs were performed for blaCTX-M and blaTEM, qnr, and class 1 integrons. Plasmid analyses and sequence type (ST) determination were performed, as described previously. RESULTS: The KP 930 isolate showed qnrA1 and blaTEM-1, together with dfrA12 and aadA2 in a class 1 integron. The qnr gene was located in a 133-kb plasmid. Multilocus sequence typing classified the isolate as ST147. CONCLUSIONS: We identified the combination of qnr with ST147 in Brazil; this is a clone that has disseminated widely and successfully in Latin America. The purpose of describing Qnr-mediated quinolone resistance in North-East Brazil is to draw attention to the spread of this mechanism in the country.
Asunto(s)
Antibacterianos/farmacología , Ciprofloxacina/farmacología , Klebsiella pneumoniae/efectos de los fármacos , Klebsiella pneumoniae/genética , Plásmidos/genética , Adulto , Brasil , Farmacorresistencia Microbiana/genética , Femenino , Genes Bacterianos , Humanos , Integrones , Klebsiella pneumoniae/aislamiento & purificaciónRESUMEN
Two new examples of OXA-72-producing Acinetobacter baumannii isolate resistant to a broad spectrum of antimicrobials, but not polymyxin B, have been identified in Recife, Brazil. Molecular typing indicated a close genetic link with the OXA-72-producing A. baumannii previously isolated in São Paulo, suggesting the possibility of clonal dissemination within the country.
Asunto(s)
Infecciones por Acinetobacter/microbiología , Acinetobacter baumannii/enzimología , Acinetobacter baumannii/aislamiento & purificación , Tipificación Molecular , beta-Lactamasas/metabolismo , Infecciones por Acinetobacter/epidemiología , Infecciones por Acinetobacter/transmisión , Acinetobacter baumannii/clasificación , Acinetobacter baumannii/efectos de los fármacos , Brasil/epidemiología , Genotipo , Humanos , Masculino , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Persona de Mediana Edad , Medición de RiesgoAsunto(s)
Infecciones por Escherichia coli/microbiología , Escherichia coli/aislamiento & purificación , Infecciones por Klebsiella/microbiología , Klebsiella pneumoniae/aislamiento & purificación , Plásmidos , beta-Lactamasas/genética , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Brasil , Escherichia coli/clasificación , Escherichia coli/efectos de los fármacos , Escherichia coli/genética , Infecciones por Escherichia coli/complicaciones , Femenino , Genotipo , Humanos , Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos , Infecciones por Klebsiella/complicaciones , Klebsiella pneumoniae/clasificación , Klebsiella pneumoniae/efectos de los fármacos , Klebsiella pneumoniae/genética , Pruebas de Sensibilidad MicrobianaRESUMEN
In Brazil, carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates are closely related to the São Paulo metallo-β-lactamase (SPM) Brazilian clone. In this study, imipenem-resistant isolates were divided in two sets, 2002/2003 and 2008/2009, analysed by pulsed field gel electrophoresis and tested for the Ambler class B metallo-β-lactamase (MBL) genes blaSPM-1, blaIMP and blaVIM. The results show a prevalence of one clone related to the SPM Brazilian clone in 2002/2003. In 2008/2009, P. aeruginosa isolates were mostly MBL negative, genetically diverse and unrelated to those that had been detected earlier. These findings suggest that the resistance to carbapenems by these recent P. aeruginosa isolates was not due to the spread of MBL-positive SPM-related clones, as often observed in Brazilian hospitals.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Imipenem/farmacología , Infecciones por Pseudomonas/microbiología , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/efectos de los fármacos , Resistencia betalactámica/genética , Brasil , Pruebas Antimicrobianas de Difusión por Disco , Electroforesis en Gel de Campo Pulsado , Genotipo , Hospitales de Enseñanza , Fenotipo , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/enzimología , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/genéticaRESUMEN
In Brazil, carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates are closely related to the São Paulo metallo-ß-lactamase (SPM) Brazilian clone. In this study, imipenem-resistant isolates were divided in two sets, 2002/2003 and 2008/2009, analysed by pulsed field gel electrophoresis and tested for the Ambler class B metallo-ß-lactamase (MBL) genes blaSPM-1, blaIMP and blaVIM. The results show a prevalence of one clone related to the SPM Brazilian clone in 2002/2003. In 2008/2009, P. aeruginosa isolates were mostly MBL negative, genetically diverse and unrelated to those that had been detected earlier. These findings suggest that the resistance to carbapenems by these recent P. aeruginosa isolates was not due to the spread of MBL-positive SPM-related clones, as often observed in Brazilian hospitals.