Effects of Muscle Strength Training in Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review.

INTRODUCTION: Prostate cancer is one of the most frequently diagnosed cancers in males. Treatment options cause a series of side effects that can lead to a deterioration in the physical and quality of life of patients, such as musculoskeletal changes, atrophy or muscle weakness, due to the testosterone suppression. Scientific evidence has shown that exercise mitigates the side effects induced by cancer treatment. This study aimed to analyse the effects of muscular strength work on the organism of patients with prostate cancer in the treatment phase. MATERIAL AND METHODS: PubMed, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, CINAHL, Medline, Web of Science and PEDro databases were searched in January 2022. The Medical Subject Headings "resistance training", "prostatic neoplasms", "strength training" and "prostate cancer" were used. RESULTS: A total of 13 articles were analysed. In all of them, statistically significant changes were found in strength, physical performance, muscle mass and cardiovascular and respiratory health after the implementation of a strength exercise program. Other variables did not achieve the expected changes. CONCLUSIONS: A strength exercise program improves strength, physical performance, muscle mass and cardiovascular health in patients with prostate cancer. However, whether it improves other parameters, such as body fat, power, bone density and quality of life, is unclear.

Effect of Kinesio taping on wrist proprioception in healthy subjects: A randomized clinical trial.

BACKGROUND: Although the use of KT has increased considerably in the clinical practice in the last years, there is limited evidence about the effects of its application in proprioception. PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of KT on joint position sense and force sense on the wrist of healthy subjects. METHODS: Fifty-four subjects were analyzed in a randomized, crossover, single-blind study design. To determine the force sense, the subjects had to reach 50% of their maximum grip force. Wrist joint position sense was assessed during active repositioning tests at the target angles of 30° flexion and extension of wrist. A digital dynamometer was used to determine the sense of force and a digital goniometer was used to determine the joint position sense. Subjects were evaluated with KT (I- strip on ventral aspect of forearms from origin to insertion) and placebo (an inelastic tape was applied following the same procedure as KT). RESULTS: No significant differences have been found in the force sense, neither in the comparisons between control and interventions (p=0.286), nor between pre and post-intervention (p=0.111). For wrist joint position sense, a statistically significant effect (p< 0.05) was found at 30º of extension between the control and experimental group in favor of the control group. CONCLUSIONS: The application of KT did not produce changes in FS and only caused a significant improvement in JPS in extension (30º). The results appear to indicate that the application of KT to improve proprioception in healthy subjects should be reconsidered.

Surfers as aquatics rescuers in Portugal and Spain: Characteristics of rescues and resuscitation knowledge.

The aim of this study was to analyze the rescues carried out by surfers from Portugal and Spain, their knowledge of rescue and resuscitation and their perception and risk behavior while surfing. An online survey was conducted in 2048 surfers from Portugal and Spain, with questions regarding the demographic characteristics, experience, perception and risk behavior of the surfers; rescues attended by the surfers and surfer's knowledge and experience in rescue and resuscitation. Concerning the number of rescues carried out by surfers, 78.5% of the participants had to carry out at least one rescue in their lifetime. A significant association was found between the years of surfing experience, the surfing level and the number of rescues carried out (p < 0.05). Thirty-five-point eight percent of the surfers never attended a cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) course and 76.2% had no work experience as a lifeguard. Correspondingly, the vast majority of the surfers analyzed did not have the essential knowledge about rescue and resuscitation. This study provides evidence of the important role that surfers play in saving lives on Portuguese and Spanish beaches. The results suggest that the number of rescues conducted by surfers each year in Portugal and Spain is relevant to reducing the number of fatalities that occur along coasts.

Assessment of over-the-head resuscitation method in an inflatable rescue boat sailing at full speed. A non-inferiority pilot study.

INTRODUCTION: Drowning is a public health problem. Interrupting the drowning process as soon as possible and starting cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) can improve survival rates. Inflatable rescue boats (IRBs) are widely used worldwide to rescue drowning victims. Performing CPR in special circumstances requires adjusting the position based on the environment and space available. The aim of this study was to assess the quality of over-the-head resuscitation performed by rescuers aboard an IRB in comparison to standard CPR. METHODS: A quasi-experimental, quantitative, cross-sectional pilot study was conducted. Ten professional rescuers performed 1 min of simulated CPR on a QCPR Resuscy Anne manikin (Laerdal, Norway) sailing at 20 knots using two different techniques: 1) standard CPR (S-CPR) and 2) over-the-head CPR (OTH-CPR). Data were recorded through the APP QCPR Training (Laerdal, Norway). RESULTS: The quality of CPR was similar between S-CPR (61%) and OTH-CPR (66%), with no statistically significant differences (p = 0.585). Both the percentage of compressions and the percentage of correct ventilations did not show significant differences (p > 0.05) between the techniques. CONCLUSION: The rescuers can perform CPR maneuvers with acceptable quality in the IRB. The OTH-CPR technique did not show inferiority compared to S-CPR, making it a viable alternative when boat space or rescue conditions do not allow the conventional technique to be performed.

Are smart glasses feasible for dispatch prehospital assistance during on-boat cardiac arrest? A pilot simulation study with fishermen.

The aim of the study was to explore feasibility of basic life support (BLS) guided through smart glasses (SGs) when assisting fishermen bystanders. Twelve participants assisted a simulated out-of-hospital cardiac arrest on a fishing boat assisted by the dispatcher through the SGs. The SGs were connected to make video calls. Feasibility was assessed whether or not they needed help from the dispatcher. BLS-AED steps, time to first shock/compression, and CPR's quality (hands-only) during 2 consecutive minutes (1st minute without dispatcher feedback, 2nd with dispatcher feedback) were analyzed. Reliability was analyzed by comparing the assessment of variables performed by the dispatcher through SGs with those registered by an on-scene instructor. Assistance through SGs was needed in 72% of the BLS steps, which enabled all participants to perform the ABC approach and use AED correctly. Feasibility was proven that dispatcher's feedback through SGs helped to improve bystanders' performance, as after dispatcher gave feedback via SGs, only 3% of skills were incorrect. Comparison of on-scene instructor vs. SGs assessment by dispatcher differ in 8% of the analyzed skills: greatest difference in the "incorrect hand position during CPR" (on-scene: 33% vs. dispatcher: 0%). When comparing the 1st minute with 2nd minute, there were only significant differences in the percentage of compressions with correct depth (1st:48 ± 42%, 2nd:70 ± 31, p = 0.02). Using SGs in aquatic settings is feasible and improves BLS. CPR quality markers were similar with and without SG. These devices have great potential for communication between dispatchers and laypersons but need more development to be used in real emergencies.

Update on Physiotherapy in Postpartum Urinary Incontinence. A Systematic Review.

BACKGROUND: Urinary incontinence in the postpartum period is related to biomechanical and hormonal changes that occur during the obstetric period and also related to perineal trauma during childbirth. Physiotherapy is currently presented as one of the conservative options for the treatment of urinary incontinence at this stage, so this review aims to go over scientific literature to assess the effect of physiotherapy on postpartum urinary incontinence. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In February 2022, a bibliographic search was carried out in PubMed, Scopus, Medline, PeDRO and Sport Discuss databases. Studies published within the last 10 years and randomized clinical trials that used physiotherapy techniques for the treatment of postpartum urinary incontinence were identified, but those articles that differ from the objective of the work and those that were duplicated in the databases were excluded. RESULTS: Out of the 51 articles identified, 8 were finally included that fit the criteria and the subject of the study. Regarding the intervention, we have found that all the articles refer to pelvic floor muscle training. In addition to urinary incontinence, these studies evaluated other variables such as strength, resistance, quality of life and sexual function, obtaining significant results in 6 out of all the studies consulted. CONCLUSIONS: Pelvic floor muscle training is beneficial for the treatment of urinary incontinence in the postpartum period, then supervised and controlled exercise combined with a home training routine is recommended. It is not clear whether the benefits are maintained over time.

Menstrual Cycle and Sport Injuries: A Systematic Review.

The presence of female athletes has only increased in recent years, as has the incidence of injuries in female sports activities. These injuries are conditioned by multiple factors, including hormonal agents. It is estimated that the menstrual cycle may be related to the predisposition to suffer an injury. However, a causal relationship has not yet been established. The aim of this study was to analyse the relationship between the menstrual cycle and injuries in female sports practice. A systematic search of the scientific literature available in PubMed, Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, and Sport Discus was carried out in January 2022. With 138 articles, only eight studies were found that met the selection criteria for this study. Peak estradiol is associated with increased laxity, strength, and poor use of neuromuscular control. Thus, the ovulatory phase is associated with an increased risk of injury. In conclusion, it seems that hormonal fluctuations throughout the menstrual cycle alter values such as laxity, strength, body temperature, and neuromuscular control, among others. This fact causes women to constantly adapt to hormonal variations, which exposes them to a higher risk of injury.

[Physiotherapy in the sequelae of cesarean childbirth. A systematic review.] / Fisioterapia en las secuelas del parto por cesárea. Una revisión sistemática.

OBJECTIVE: Caesarean section is a surgical intervention that consists of the extraction of the fetus by abdominal route through the incision in the uterus. Like any surgical intervention, caesarean section is not exempt from complications and these can be classified as short-term (acute pain) and long-term (adhesions in the scar, lumbar and pelvic pain, intestinal obstruction and ectopic pregnancies). Physiotherapy has different tools to address these complications. The aim of this study was to review the scientific bibliography to know the effects of physiotherapy on patients who have given birth by cesarean section. METHODS: A search for articles was carried out during the month of December 2021 in the databases: PubMed, Medline, Cinahl, Scopus, PEDro and WOS using the search terms Cesarean Section, Physical Therapy Modalities and Physical therapy. As an inclusion criterion, it was established that the type of study was a Randomized Clinical Trial (RCT). RESULTS: A total of 280 articles were obtained, of which 9 were selected after applying the eligibility criteria. In them, the most used physiotherapy intervention was electrotherapy, followed by massage therapy and therapeutic exercise. Studies show effects of these forms of physiotherapy, with a determined duration and frequency, with improvements in pain, activities of daily living, comfort level, joint ranges and reduction in the consumption of analgesics. CONCLUSIONS: Physiotherapy has various modalities with which to attend complications after cesarean section, both in an immediate and a late phase, especially highlighting the reduction of pain.

OBJETIVO: La cesárea es una intervención quirúrgica que consiste en la extracción del feto por vía abdominal. Como cualquier intervención quirúrgica, la cesárea no está exenta de complicaciones y éstas se pueden clasificar en a corto plazo (dolor agudo) y a largo plazo (adherencias en la cicatriz, dolores lumbares y pélvicos, obstrucción intestinal y embarazos ectópicos). La fisioterapia cuenta con diferentes herramientas para abordar estas complicaciones. El objetivo de este trabajo fue revisar la bibliografía científica para conocer los efectos de la fisioterapia en las consecuencias del parto por cesárea. METODOS: Se realizó una búsqueda de artículos durante el mes de diciembre de 2021 en las bases de datos PubMed, Medline, Cinahl, Scopus, PEDro y WOS empleando los términos de búsqueda Cesarean Section, Physical Therapy Modalities y Physical Therapy. Como criterio de inclusión se estableció que el tipo de estudio fuese Estudio Clínico Aleatorizado (ECA). RESULTADOS: Se obtuvieron un total de 280 artículos, de los cuales 9 fueron seleccionados tras aplicar los criterios de elegibilidad. En ellos, la intervención más utilizada de fisioterapia fue electroterapia, seguida de masoterapia y ejercicio terapéutico. Los estudios arrojan efectos de estas formas de fisioterapia, con una duración y frecuencia determinada, con mejoras en el dolor, las actividades de la vida diaria, el nivel de comodidad, los rangos articulares y la reducción del consumo de analgésicos. CONCLUSIONES: La fisioterapia cuenta con diversas modalidades con las que atender tanto en una fase inmediata como en una tardía las complicaciones tras una cesárea, destacando especialmente la reducción del dolor.

Effects of taping in patellofemoral pain syndrome: A systematic review.

BACKGROUND: Patellofemoral pain syndrome (PPS) is defined as a condition in the patellofemoral joint that can present with pain, functional deficit, crepitus, and instability. Its etiology appears to lie in excessive loading of the patellofemoral joint due to mispositioning of the patella. The application of taping has recently increased, to manage PPS. However, the level of scientific evidence in this sense is unknown. OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of different types of taping in subjects with PPS. METHODS: A bibliographic search was carried out in January and February 2021 in Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, Medline, SPORTDiscus, PEDro and CINAHL. RESULTS: A total of 13 studies were included for qualitative analysis. The mean score on the PEDro scale was 5.30 points. Most of the articles reflect a decrease in pain after the taping intervention, while variables such as functionality, muscle activity and biomechanical modification do not show positive effects. CONCLUSION: Taping appears to have positive effects on pain in subjects with PPS. However, the evidence is contradictory with the rest of the variables studied.

Kinesiotaping in discopathies and degenerative spinal diseases: systematic review / Kinesiotaping em discopatias e doenças degenerativas da coluna vertebral: revisão sistemática / Kinesiotaping en discopatías y enfermedades degenerativas de la columna vertebral: revisión sistemática

ABSTRACT Neuromuscular taping or kinesiotaping is a technique widely used in spinal disorders. However, the scientific evidence of its use in discopathies and degenerative spine pathology is unknown. This study aimed to analyze the published clinical trials on neuromuscular taping in subjects with discopathies and degenerative spinal injuries. For this purpose, a literature search was performed following PRISMA guidelines in the following databases: PubMed, Web of Science (WOS), Scopus, Medline, and Cinahl. In analyzing bias and methodological quality, we used: the PEDro scale, Van Tulder criteria, and risk of bias analysis of the Cochrane Collaboration. A total of 5 articles were included that obtained a mean score of 6.2 on the PEDro scale. There is moderate evidence that, in the short term, neuromuscular taping reduces analgesic consumption and improves the range of motion and muscle strength in the posterior musculature. In addition, there is limited evidence that it can improve quality, while the scientific evidence on the effect of neuromuscular taping on pain is contradictory. The application of neuromuscular taping on discopathies and degenerative processes of the spine should be cautiously undertaken until more conclusive results are obtained, and the long-term effects are assessed. Level of evidence I; Systematic review.

Resumo: A bandagem neuromuscular ou kinesiotaping é uma técnica de bandagem amplamente utilizada em distúrbios da coluna vertebral. Entretanto, a evidência científica para seu uso em discopatias e na patologia degenerativa da coluna são desconhecidas. Objetivo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar ensaios clínicos publicados sobre bandagem neuromuscular em sujeitos com discopatias e lesões degenerativas da coluna vertebral. Para este fim, foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica seguindo as diretrizes do PRISMA nas seguintes bases de dados: PubMed, Web of Science (WOS), Scopus, Medline e Cinahl. Na análise de viés e qualidade metodológica, foram utilizados: escala PEDro, critérios de Van Tulder e análise de risco de viés da Colaboração Cochrane. Um total de 5 artigos foi incluído com uma pontuação média de 6,2 na escala PEDro. Há evidências moderadas de que, a curto prazo, a bandagem neuromuscular reduz o consumo de analgésicos, melhora a amplitude de movimento e a força muscular na musculatura posterior. Além disso, há evidências limitadas de que pode melhorar a qualidade, enquanto as evidências científicas sobre o efeito da bandagem neuromuscular na dor são contraditórias. A aplicação da bandagem neuromuscular em discopatias e processos degenerativos da coluna vertebral deve ser feita com cautela até que resultados mais conclusivos sejam obtidos e os efeitos a longo prazo sejam avaliados. Nível de evidência I; Revisão sistemática.

Resumen: El vendaje neuromuscular o kinesiotaping es una técnica de vendaje que se utiliza ampliamente en trastornos raquídeos. Sin embargo, se desconoce la evidencia científica de uso en discopatías y patología degenerativa de la columna. El objetivo de este trabajo consistió en analizar los ensayos clínicos publicados sobre el vendaje neuromuscular en sujetos con discopatías y lesiones degenerativas del raquis. Para ello, se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica siguiendo las directrices PRISMA en las siguientes bases de datos: PubMed, Web of Science (WOS), Scopus, Medline y Cinahl. En el análisis de sesgo y calidad metodológica se utilizaron: escala PEDro, criterios de Van Tulder y análisis del riesgo de sesgo de la Colaboración Cochrane. Se incluyeron un total de 5 artículos que obtuvieron una puntuación media de 6,2 en la escala PEDro. Existe evidencia moderada de que, a corto plazo, el vendaje neuromuscular reduce el consumo de analgésicos, mejora el rango de movimiento y fuerza muscular en la musculatura posterior. Además, existe evidencia limitada de que puede mejorar la calidad, mientras que la evidencia científica sobre el efecto del vendaje neuromuscular en el dolor es contradictoria. La aplicación de vendaje neuromuscular es discopatías y procesos degenerativos del raquis debe realizarse con cautela a la espera de que se obtengan resultados más concluyentes y se valoren los efectos a largo plazo. Nivel de evidencia I; Revisión sistemática.

Therapeutic Exercise Combined or not with Pelvic Floor Muscle Training for Urinary Incontinence.

INTRODUCTION: The most used physiotherapy treatment is the pelvic floor muscle training. Other factors are involved in the control of urination, such as the management of abdominal pressure and the activity of the muscles and fascia of the lumbopelvic region and this could be trained through generalized therapeutic exercise, which is defined as an intervention aimed at restoring musculoskeletal, cardiopulmonary and neurological function. The objective of this review is to evaluate the effects of therapeutic exercise, combined or not with analytical training of the pelvic floor muscles, on urinary incontinence in women over 18 years of age, by reviewing the scientific literature. OBJECTIVE: To assess the effects of therapy exercise other than or combined with pelvic floor muscle training on urinary incontinence in women over 18 years. MATERIAL AND METHODS: An article research was done between 11th January and 7th February, 2021 on the following databases: Pubmed, Medline, Cinahl, Web Of Science, Sport Discus and PEDro using the search terms "Urinary Incontinence" and "Exercise Therapy". RESULTS: An average of 245 results were obtained, of which 10 were selected after applying the eligibility criteria. The interventions of the analyzed articles are divided into two groups. First, a group where muscles of the abdominal-pelvic-perineal region are worked (hypopressives, yoga and strength of the abdominal muscles, resisted hip rotation...). Secondly, another group where muscles in general are worked (weight training, flexibility, balance and toning and cardiovascular training). CONCLUSION: Urinary incontinence treated with therapy exercise other than the pelvic floor muscles training, or combined with it, suggest improvements in symptoms.

A Comparison between Three Different Techniques Considering Quality Skills, Fatigue and Hand Pain during a Prolonged Infant Resuscitation: A Cross-Over Study with Lifeguards.

The aim of the study was to compare the quality of CPR (Q-CPR), as well as the perceived fatigue and hand pain in a prolonged infant cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) performed by lifeguards using three different techniques. A randomized crossover simulation study was used to compare three infant CPR techniques: the two-finger technique (TF); the two-thumb encircling technique (TTE) and the two-thumb-fist technique (TTF). 58 professional lifeguards performed three tests in pairs during a 20-min period of CPR. The rescuers performed compressions and ventilations in 15:2 cycles and changed their roles every 2 min. The variables of analysis were CPR quality components, rate of perceived exertion (RPE) and hand pain with numeric rating scale (NRS). All three techniques showed high Q-CPR results (TF: 86 ± 9%/TTE: 88 ± 9%/TTF: 86 ± 16%), and the TTE showed higher values than the TF (p = 0.03). In the RPE analysis, fatigue was not excessive with any of the three techniques (values 20 min between 3.2 for TF, 2.4 in TTE and 2.5 in TTF on a 10-point scale). TF reached a higher value in RPE than TTF in all the intervals analyzed (p < 0.05). In relation to NRS, TF showed significantly higher values than TTE and TTF (NRS minute 20 = TF 4.7 vs. TTE 2.5 & TTF 2.2; p < 0.001). In conclusion, all techniques have been shown to be effective in high-quality infant CPR in a prolonged resuscitation carried out by lifeguards. However, the two-finger technique is less efficient in relation to fatigue and hand pain compared with two-thumb technique (TF vs. TTF, p = 0.01).

Effects of therapeutic exercises in patients with lung cancer. A scoping review.

INTRODUCTION: Lung cancer is one of the most common malignancies worldwide and the leading cause of cancer-related death. Smoking is one of the main risk factors associated with this cancer. Treatment will depend on the form of cancer and its stage, existing many therapeutic possibilities. In this regard, therapeutic exercise plays an important role in lung cancer care, as well as the pulmonary rehabilitation and respiratory physical therapy. PURPOSE: To review the current scientific literature about the effects of therapeutic exercise in lung cancer. METHOD: A search was carried out in CINAHL, MEDLINE, PubMed, Scopus y Web of Science using de terms "Exercise Therapy" and "Lung Neoplasms". 141 studies were obtained, but only 19 were selected by adjusting to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. 10 of them were randomized controlled trials with a Jadad score between 2 and 3. RESULTS: These works performed a large variety of interventions based on therapeutic exercise, classified in preoperative, postoperative, during treatment, post treatment and combination. Most focused on aerobic exercise, muscle strength and respiratory exercises. CONCLUSION: therapeutic exercise seems to be positive and obtain significant improvements in patients with lung cancer, regardless the moment of intervention and the type of exercise performed.

Efectos de los antiinflamatorios no esteroideos en las tendinopatías / Effects of Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs in Tendinopathies

Introducción: Los antiinflamatorios no esteroideos son comúnmente usados para el tratamiento de las tendinopatías, pero la evidencia sobre este tratamiento es escasa. Objetivo: Realizar una revisión sistemática acerca de los efectos de los en las tendinopatías. Métodos: Se desarrolló una búsqueda bibliográfica en PubMed, WOS, PEDro, Medline, Cinahl y SPORTDiscus. Se incluyeron un total de 13 ensayos clínicos con una calidad metodológica media de 7,15/10 en la escala PEDro. Conclusiones: En la mayoría de los artículos se observó una mejoría corto plazo en el dolor y la funcionalidad con el uso de AINEs. Los ensayos clínicos incluidos no analizaron la presencia de inflamación en esta patología. Se necesitan más estudios que determinen la función de la inflamación en la tendinopatía que justifique el uso de los antiinflamatorios no esteroideos(AU)

Introduction: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are commonly used for the treatment of tendinopathies, but the evidence on this treatment is scarce. Objective: To carry out a systematic review about the effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in tendinopathies. Methods: A bibliographic search was carried out in PubMed, WOS, PEDro, Medline, Cinahl and SPORTDiscus. A total of 13 clinical trials with a mean methodological quality of 7.15/10 on the PEDro scale were included. Conclusions: In most of the articles, a short-term improvement in pain and functionality was observed with the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. The clinical trials included did not analyze the presence of inflammation in this pathology. More studies are needed to determine the role of inflammation in tendinopathy that justifies the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs(AU)

Efectos de la fisioterapia en asmáticos menores de 18 años

RESUMEN Introducción: El asma es el trastorno inflamatorio de las vías respiratorias inferiores más común durante la infancia. La acción de la fisioterapia en esta afección es reducir la frecuencia de los episodios y la intensidad de los síntomas. Objetivo: Analizar los efectos de las diferentes técnicas de fisioterapia que se utilizan en pacientes asmáticos entre 0 y 18 años, en cuanto a la calidad de vida, la función pulmonar y la reducción de los síntomas. Métodos: Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica durante el mes de enero de 2021 en Medline, Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science, PEDro y Cinahl. En todas ellas se utilizó como término de búsqueda "asthma". En Medline y Pubmed se empleó el término "physical therapy modalities", mientras que en las demás se utilizó "physical therapy". Análisis e integración de la información: La búsqueda inicial incluía 110 resultados con 7 artículos válidos tras aplicar los criterios de elegibilidad. Los estudios seleccionados desarrollan diferentes intervenciones de fisioterapia en niños y adolescentes con asma para tratar esta enfermedad. Encontramos gran heterogeneidad en los tratamientos utilizados y fueron los ejercicios respiratorios la técnica más empleada. Conclusiones: Los procedimientos de fisioterapia producen efectos positivos en el control del asma en los pacientes asmáticos entre 0 y 18 años. La combinación de ejercicios respiratorios con otras técnicas como la sofrología o terapia salina en el tratamiento de esta afección tiene buenos resultados. Los ejercicios respiratorios mejoran la capacidad muscular respiratoria, disminuida en estos pacientes.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Asthma is the most common inflammatory disorder of the lower respiratory tract during childhood. The action of physiotherapy in this condition is to reduce the frequency of episodes and the intensity of symptoms. Objective: Analyze the effects of the different physiotherapy techniques used in asthmatic patients between 0 and 18 years old, in terms of quality of life, lung function and symptoms reduction. Methods: A bibliographic search was conducted during January 2021 in Medline, Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science, PEDro and Cinahl. In all of them, "asthma" was used as a search term. Medline and Pubmed used the term "physical therapy modalities", while the others used "physical therapy". Analysis and integration of information: The initial search included 110 results with 7 valid articles after applying the eligibility criteria. The selected studies develop different physiotherapy interventions in children and adolescents with asthma to treat this disease. It was found great heterogeneity in the treatments used and breathing exercises were the most used technique. Conclusions: Physiotherapy procedures produce positive effects on asthma control in asthmatic patients between 0 and 18 years. Combining breathing exercises with other techniques such as sophrology or saline therapy in the treatment of this condition has good results. Breathing exercises improve respiratory muscle capacity, which is decreased in these patients.

Why Percussive Massage Therapy Does Not Improve Recovery after a Water Rescue? A Preliminary Study with Lifeguards.

The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of percussive massage therapy (PMT) on lifeguards' recovery after a water rescue, in comparison with passive recovery. Methods: A quasi-experimental crossover design was conducted to compare passive recovery (PR) and a PMT protocol. A total of 14 volunteer lifeguards performed a simulated 100 m water rescue and perceived fatigue and blood lactate were measured as recovery variables after the rescue and after the 8-min recovery process. Results: There were no differences between PMT and PR in lactate clearance (p > 0.05), finding in both modalities a small but not significant decrease in blood lactate. In perceived fatigue, both methods decreased this variable significantly (p < 0.001), with no significant differences between them (p > 0.05). Conclusions: PMT does not enhance recovery after a water rescue, in comparison with staying passive. Despite PMT appearing to be adequate for recovery in other efforts, it is not recommended for lifeguards' recovery after a water rescue.

Does Vibration Foam Roller Influence Performance and Recovery? A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Foam rolling has been extensively investigated, showing benefits in performance and recovery. Recently, vibration has been added to foam rollers, with hypothesized advantages over conventional foam rollers. However, there is no systematic evidence in this regard. OBJECTIVE: To carry out a systematic review and meta-analysis about the effects of vibration foam roller (VFR) on performance and recovery. METHODS: A systematic search was conducted in PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science and SportDiscus according to the PRISMA guidelines. The outcomes included performance (jump, agility and strength) and recovery variables (blood flow, pain and fatigue) measured after an intervention with VFR. The methodological quality was assessed with the PEDro scale. A random-effects model was used to perform the meta-analysis. RESULTS: Initially, 556 studies were found and after the eligibility criteria 10 studies were included in the systematic review and 9 in the meta-analysis. There was no significant effects on jump performance (SMD = 0.14 [95% CI - 0.022 to 0.307]; p = 0.101; I2 = 1.08%) and no significant beneficial effects were reported on isokinetic strength (SMD = 0.16 [95% CI - 0.041 to 0.367]; p = 0.117; I2 = 9.7%). Recovery appears to be enhanced after VFR interventions, but agility does not seem to increase after VFR interventions. CONCLUSION: This systematic review and meta-analysis suggest that VFR could have great potential for increasing jump performance, agility, strength and enhancing recovery. Further research is needed to confirm the effects of VFR on performance and recovery. Trial Registration This investigation was registered in PROSPERO with the code CRD42021238104.

Ultrasonographic Changes of Abdominal Muscles in Subjects with and without Chronic Low Back Pain.

Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is a prevalent disfunction in the spine, affecting both women and men. The implication of the abdominal muscles in this disfunction has been studied, including wrong breathing patterns or inactivity of this area. However, there is a lack of studies examining changes in thickness of abdominal with ultrasonography. Thus, the aim of this study is to analyze the differences in the thickness of abdominal muscles at rest and during breathing between subjects with and without CLBP. A total of 72 subjects were divided in two groups: participants with CLBP (n = 36) and participants without CLBP (n = 36). In both groups, the thickness of the four abdominal muscles was measured and compared at rest and during breathing with ultrasonography. In TrA and IO there were no significant differences between groups, but those subjects with CLBP increased the muscle thickness more than participants without pain during breathing. In EO there were no differences in muscle thickness between groups and between rest and breathing. In RA, subjects with CLBP showed less muscle thickness than subjects without pain during breathing, but no changes were found at rest. In conclusion, the deepest abdominal muscles, TrA and IO, appear to increase their thickness and RA appear to decrease more in subjects with CLBP, in comparison with healthy participants.

[Efficacy of the different therapeutic exercise modalities in cardiac rehabilitation after myocardial infarction. A review of the literature].

We aimed to assess the efficacy of different therapeutic exercise modalities in cardiac rehabilitation after acute myocardial infarction. A search of randomized controlled studies published between 2016 and 2021 in Scopus, PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science and Cochrane Library was carried out using the MeSH terms "exercise therapy" and "myocardial infarction". Ten articles met the inclusion criteria; in these studies, the used exercises were combined or traditional programs that included relaxation training, and were performed either at home or at the hospital. We examined exercise tolerance, cardiovascular parameters, anthropometric measurements, and quality of life. Significant improvements in the assessed variables were observed in most studies. We conclude that all studied therapeutic exercise modalities are useful in cardiac rehabilitation after myocardial infarction, although the best outcomes are seen for combined therapeutic exercise programs.

Effects of Copenhagen Adduction Exercise on the Architectural Characteristics of Adductors in U-17 Male Soccer Players: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Groin injuries are one of the most prevalent in male soccer players, especially due to the hip adductor muscles' weakness which is considered as a risk factor in these injuries. The Copenhagen adduction (CA) exercise has been demonstrated to increase the strength of adductor muscles, but its effects on the architectural characteristics of adductor muscles have not been studied yet. This study aimed to analyze the effects of the CA exercise on the muscle thickness of the adductors. Twelve male U-17 soccer players were randomized into two groups: the control group with no intervention and the experimental group with an intervention based on an eight-week training with CA exercise. The muscle thickness of adductors was measured before and after the intervention using ultrasound imaging. A significant increase in muscle thickness was found in both control (p = 0.002) and experimental group (p < 0.001), but the experimental group did not show additional effects in comparison with the control group. In conclusion, an 8-week CA exercise intervention does not increase the muscle thickness of adductors in U-17 soccer players more than their regular training.