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1.
Ticks Tick Borne Dis ; 10(3): 714-721, 2019 04.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30876824

RESUMEN

Brazilian Pantanal is the world´s largest wetland ecosystem, where cattle's ranching is the most important economic activity. The objective of this study was to compile some epidemiological features on equine piroplasmids from the Nhecolândia sub-region of Pantanal wetland through the evaluation of the patterns of T. equi and B. caballi infections in different groups of horses; identification of the tick species that infest horses; and to study phylogenetic relationships among Theileria equi 18S rRNA gene sequences. During October 2015, blood and serum samples were collected from 170 horses in four different categories. Ticks, after identification, had their hemolymph and eggs examined for the presence of piroplasmid sporokinets. Also we searched parasites in the peripheral blood smears of the investigated horses. The number of red blood cells (RBCs) and the packed cell volume (PCV) ​​were determined to test for anemia in the infected animals, and exposure to B. caballi and T. equi was evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. "Catch all primers" based on 18S rRNA gene were used in polymerase chain reactions (PCR) to detect equine piroplasmids, followed by three nested PCRs for the phylogenetic analysis. The serological results showed that 61.8% and 52.9% of the horses sampled were exposed to T. equi and B. caballi, respectively. Piroplasmid DNA was detected in 43.5% of the horses analyzed. Our sequencing revealed 98-100% identity with some sequences previously published in GenBank for T. equi, and microheterogeneity among others. We found that 51.2% of the animals sampled were infested with Dermacentor nitens, Amblyomma sculptum, and Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus, singly or co-infested. Since positive and negative animals presented similar RBC and PCV values, and no sporokinets were found on blood smears, hemolymph and eggs of the ticks collected, we suggest that infected equines can act as asymptomatic carriers for piroplasmosis in the studied region. Our results together showed the enzootic characteristic of equine piroplasmids in Pantanal region highlighting the importance of using different methods for detection these parasites. Moreover, breeding mares and foals should be monitored since they displayed the greatest occurrences for molecular test (59.0% and 86.1% respectively) and tick infestations (87.2% and 63.9% respectively).


Asunto(s)
Babesiosis/diagnóstico , Enfermedades de los Caballos/diagnóstico , Theileriosis/diagnóstico , Infestaciones por Garrapatas/veterinaria , Garrapatas/parasitología , Humedales , Animales , Babesiosis/epidemiología , Brasil/epidemiología , Ensayo de Inmunoadsorción Enzimática , Femenino , Hematología , Enfermedades de los Caballos/epidemiología , Enfermedades de los Caballos/parasitología , Caballos , Masculino , Técnicas de Diagnóstico Molecular , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa , ARN Ribosómico 18S/genética , Pruebas Serológicas , Theileria/genética , Theileria/aislamiento & purificación , Theileriosis/epidemiología , Infestaciones por Garrapatas/epidemiología
2.
Acta Trop ; 163: 98-102, 2016 Nov.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27497875

RESUMEN

Equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV) and Trypanossoma evansi are endemic in Brazilian Pantanal Biome, an important area for livestock production. In this sense, we evaluated the epidemiological single and co-infection effects of T. evansi and EIAV in naturally infected horses in the southern Pantanal wetland by serological tests and hematological assays. Both higher seroprevalence and heath poor condition of the sampled animals were associated with differences in horse management between farms. We found that the negative animals for both infectious agents (NN) represented the major group in F1 (37%), and the smallest group in F2 (19%). Furthermore, we recorded higher EIAV seroprevalence (56%) in F2, compared to F1 (38%). We observed that T. evansi infection was mostly related to young horses, as seen by their higher seroprevalence, ranging from 70.7% in the beginning of the rainy season to 81% in the end of flood period, in comparison with the values of 42% and 68%, respectively, in working animals. on the other hand, working animals showed a higher seroprevalence for EIAV (48%) in both seasons than young horses. We observed that the management of working horses could be a risk factor of EIAV infection. On the other hand, as T. evansi is maintained in the study region by many species of wild mammals, the mechanical transmission through blood-sucking vectors ensures the infection to horses since early. Our results showed that single or co-infection by EIAV and T. evansi caused different degree of anemia in the infected animals. Moreover, the health of horses in Brazilian Pantanal is also influenced by differences in horse management and environmental circumstances.


Asunto(s)
Coinfección/veterinaria , Anemia Infecciosa Equina/epidemiología , Tripanosomiasis/veterinaria , Animales , Anticuerpos Antiprotozoarios/inmunología , Anticuerpos Antivirales/inmunología , Brasil/epidemiología , Coinfección/epidemiología , Coinfección/inmunología , Anemia Infecciosa Equina/inmunología , Recuento de Eritrocitos , Índices de Eritrocitos , Técnica del Anticuerpo Fluorescente Indirecta , Caballos , Inmunodifusión , Virus de la Anemia Infecciosa Equina/inmunología , Recuento de Leucocitos , Recuento de Linfocitos , Factores de Riesgo , Estaciones del Año , Estudios Seroepidemiológicos , Trypanosoma/inmunología , Tripanosomiasis/epidemiología , Tripanosomiasis/inmunología
3.
Pesqui. vet. bras ; 25(3): 143-149, jul.-set. 2005. ilus, tab
Artículo en Portugués | LILACS | ID: lil-423076

RESUMEN

Relata-se um surto de envenenamento por derivado cumarínico em bovinos confinados, ocorrido no município de Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro, no qual morreram duas vacas e um touro, de um total de 43 animais. Entre as principais manifestações clínicas observaram-se apatia, anorexia, sialorréia, diarréia sanguinolenta, incoordenação e dificuldade respiratória. A necropsia observaram-se principalmente hemorragias de intensidade e formas diversas, em vários órgãos. O exame histopatológico não evidenciou alterações, além de hemorragias. A pesquisa toxicológica em conteúdos de rúmen, retículo, omaso e abomaso, em amostras de fígado e rim, bem como da cevada coletada no cocho, resultou positiva para o grupo de derivados cumarínicos que inclui warfarina, bromadiolone e bromadifacoum. Não se pode excluir uma ação intencional ou acidental, visto que os animais que não estavam se alimentando no mesmo cocho, não adoeceram.


Asunto(s)
Bovinos , Cumarinas/efectos adversos , Cumarinas/envenenamiento , Intoxicación/epidemiología
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