The effect of IL10 gene polymorphism on obesity parameters in highly physically active young men.

The main aim of this study was to investigate the association between 5 polymorphisms of the interleukin 10 (IL10) gene and body composition parameters in physically active young men. A cohort of 131 young men was enrolled and the following IL10 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were analysed: rs1518111, rs1878672, rs3024496, rs3024498 and rs3024505. The subjects were divided into groups depending on obesity parameters: body mass index (BMI) and percentage of body fat tissue (fat %). Statistical analysis was conducted for alleles, genotypes and haplotypes, and an association between SNPs and body composition parameters was analysed using four genetic models: dominant, recessive, codominant and overdominant mode of inheritance (MOI). The only statistically significant result in polymorphisms was found for rs3024505 in the over-dominant model with BMI (p = 0.04) and with fat % (p = 0.02). The haplo.score function showed an association between BMI and CCGTA (respectively) haplotype in the additive model (score = -2.00, p = 0.04) and in the dominant model (score = -2.30, p = 0.02). The obtained results indicate a statistically significant contribution of selected IL10 polymorphisms in the regulation of body weight in physically active individuals.

Association of Interleukin Genes IL10 and IL10RB with Parameters of Overweight in Military Students.

BACKGROUND: To date, nearly 300 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with BMI, waist-to-hip ratio, and other adiposity traits have been identified by GWAS. With regards to IL10, at least 49 IL10-associated polymorphisms have been reported. However, little is known regarding the relationship between SNPs of the IL10 gene and the risk of obesity in young men. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between SNPs of the IL10 and IL10RB genes and the risk of obesity in young men. METHODS: A cohort of 139 male students were enrolled and the following IL10 and IL10RB SNPs were analyzed: IL10 (rs1518110), IL10 (rs3024491), IL10RB (rs2834167). The subjects were divided into groups depending on obesity parameters: body mass index (BMI), fat mass index (FMI) and fat percentage (Fat%). Statistical analysis was conducted for a single locus and haplotypes, an association between SNPs and body composition parameters was tested with four genetic models: dominant, recessive, codominant and overdominant mode of inheritance (MOI). RESULTS: Significant association was found for interaction IL10 (rs1518110) × IL10RB (rs2834167) with Fat% value exceeding 20 in codominant (p-value = 0.03, OR = 0.34, 95% CI 0.08 1.44) and dominant model (p-value = 0.03, OR = 0.34, 95% CI 0.08 1.44) Conclusion: Our study shows for the first time that there is a correlation between the occurrence of specific polymorphisms of IL10 gene (rs1518110, rs3024491 and rs2834167) and the possibility of obesity.

The interactions between interleukin-1 family genes: IL1A, IL1B, IL1RN, and obesity parameters.

BACKGROUND: Obesity has been recognized as a worldwide growing problem, producing many pathologies including the promotion of "proinflammatory state." The etiology of human obesity is still only partially understood; however, the genetic background has been proved. Its nature is complex, and currently, it appears that the combined effects of the interactions among multiple genes should receive more attention. Due to the fact that obesity promotes proinflammatory conditions, in this study, we investigated the genetic polymorphism of IL-1 family genes in healthy people with normal and elevated body mass index (BMI) and fat %. RESULTS: The single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the IL1A -889C > T (rs1800587), IL1B + 3954 T > C (rs1143634), and IL1RN -87G > A (rs2234677) genes alone were associated neither with BMI nor fat % values in tested group. The associations between SNP-SNP interaction and BMI for the IL1B × IL1RN interactions were significant for dominant model (p = 0.02) and codominant model (p = 0.03). The same SNP-SNP interaction (IL1B × IL1RN) was associated also with fat % for codominant (p = 0.01) and recessive (p = 0.002) models. CONCLUSIONS: This study further confirmed that IL-1 family genes are involved in genetic background of obesity. It has been shown that interaction IL1B × IL1RN was associated with both BMI and fat % with rare T allele protecting form higher values. Thus, even if certain polymorphisms in single genes of IL-1 family cannot be defined as related to obesity in examined population, the genetic interrelationships should be analyzed.

IL-6 Polymorphisms Are Not Related to Obesity Parameters in Physically Active Young Men.

Interleukin 6 (IL-6) is a cytokine with both pro- and anti-inflammatory actions, but is also considered as a "metabolic hormone" involved in immune responses, affecting glucose, protein and lipid metabolism. It has been proposed to be related to obesity, but various results have been presented. Thus, in this study, the very homogenous population of young, male military professionals, living in the same conditions involving high physical activity, has been selected to avoid the influence of environmental factors. The subjects were divided into groups depending on the obesity parameters BMI (body mass index) and fat percentage (fat%), and the following IL-6 SNPs (Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms) were analyzed: rs1800795, rs1800796 and rs13306435. No relation was found between obesity parameters and IL-6 polymorphisms rs1800795, rs1800796 and rs13306435. It may be postulated that even if a genetic predisposition involves IL-6 genes, this effect in individuals with obesity of a low grade is minor, or can be avoided or at least markedly reduced by changes in lifestyle.

Ephedrine-caffeine mixture in wet-cold stress.

Our investigations were aimed at studying the possibility of enhancement of homeostatic processes protecting against excessive body cooling by using thermogenic drugs. We studied the influence of ephedrine (1 mg/kg) and caffeine (2.5 mg/kg) mixture in males immersed in cold water (12 degrees C) on core temperature and plasma catecholamines, cortisol, energy substrates and chosen cognitive functions in subjects without or after previous submission to short cold acclimation procedure by five repeated brief cold-water immersions. The tested drugs did not significantly influence core temperature during immersion both in acclimated and non-acclimated subjects, however, they enhanced metabolic response. There were observed faster mobilization and higher increase in energy substrates, more pronounced in acclimated subjects (free fatty acids, glucose). Tested drugs slightly improved some psychosomatic reactions. Although the results of our study suggest that a single application of ephedrine-caffeine mixture might probably support physiological mechanisms protecting against excessive body cooling when used in people in wet-cold conditions, further research is needed to confirm the clinical significance.