Rare manifestation of pulmonary benign metastasizing leiomyoma: Respiratory failure.

We report a case of a 42-year-old woman diagnosed with pulmonary benign metastasizing leiomyomatosis with a random nodular pattern on image and with a rare clinical condition progressing with respiratory failure and severe hypoxemia. This study is relevant due to the rarity of the tomographic pattern and the patient's clinical presentation. There is no treatment guideline for this comorbidity, which further increases the importance of publishing case reports in the literature.

Discovery of oscillations in rotational speed of body-tethered Caulobacter crescentus.

Swarmer cells of Caulobacter crescentus have been found to tether to glass at a point on the cell body. The rolling of the freely rotating flagellum near the glass surface causes the cell body to rotate. We describe the discovery of damped oscillations in the rotational speed of these cell bodies. We show that the damped oscillations are robust over multiple cells and that they depend more on the cell's accumulated rotation angle than on time. We also find that their phase is determined by the moment the flagellar motor changes the direction of its rotation. The oscillations occur only for one direction of cell rotation, when the flagellum is in pulling mode. We discuss possible explanations for these oscillations, including fluctuations in flagellar motor torque and periodic changes in flagellar orientation, and illustrate both of these cases using simplified computer models. Finally, we present the hypothesis that the oscillations are the result of fluctuations in the proton motive force, initiated by a sudden change in proton current that occurs when the motor switches rotation direction.

Osmotically Driven and Detected DNA Translocations.

A salinity gradient propels a DNA molecule through a solid-state nanopore and generates an ionic current whose change allows for the detection of the translocation. Measurements and theoretical analyses reveal the role of diffusio-osmosis in driving these phenomena: After accounting for known salinity-dependent electrode effects, the measured current change caused by the presence of a DNA molecule inside the nanopore and the DNA translocation speed through it both increase with the magnitude of the applied salinity gradients. The effects are consistent with the theory of diffuisio-osmosis and strong enough to enable DNA translocations to overcome an applied retarding potential of tens of millivolts. This work illustrates how salinity gradients can be used to power and operate a nanopore sensor.

Orbiting of Flagellated Bacteria within a Thin Fluid Film around Micrometer-Sized Particles.

Bacterial motility under confinement is relevant to both environmental control and the spread of infection. Here, we report observations on Escherichia coli, Enterobacter sp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Bacillus subtilis when they are confined within a thin layer of water around dispersed micrometer-sized particles sprinkled over a semisolid agar gel. In this setting, E. coli and Enterobacteria orbit around the dispersed particles. The liquid layer is shaped like a shallow tent with its height at the center set by the seeding particle, and the meniscus profile set by the strong surface tension of water. The tent-shaped confinement and the left handedness of the flagellar filaments result in exclusively clockwise circular trajectories. The thin fluid layer is resilient because of a balance between evaporation and reinforcement of fluid that permeated out of the agar. The latter is driven by the Laplace pressure caused by the concave meniscus. In short, we explain the physical mechanism of a convenient method to entrap bacteria within localized thin fluid film near a permeable surface.

Análise histológica e histoquímica de fatores prognósticos em pacientes com retocolite ulcerativa / Histological and histochemical analysis of prognostic factors in patients with ulcerative colitis

OBJETIVO: Visando oferecer um método que auxilie o diagnóstico diferencial ou mesmo que seja indicador da transformação neoplásica, a galectina-3 surge como um potencial marcador da fisiopatologia de diversos tipos de câncer, entre eles o câncer colorretal. MÉTODOS: o perfil imuno-histoquímico foi obtido do tecido intestinal de pacientes com retocolite ulcerativa (n=20) e sua respectiva contraparte normal, de ambos os sexos e idade média de 55 anos. Os tecidos foram submetidos à histoquímica da reação de Schiff (PAS) para visualizações das inclusões de glicosaminoglicanos e tricrômico de Masson para visualização das fibras colágenas. Fragmentos de tecido (4 µm) foram submetidos à técnica de imuno-histoquímica para a proteína galectina-3. A marcação tecidual foi analisada através de uma estação de trabalho, contendo um microscópio óptico equipado com uma câmera digital, ambos acoplados a um computador contendo o software OPTIMAS®. RESULTADOS: Os resultados demonstram uma diminuição da expressão da galectina-3 no sitio inflamatório da retocolite ulcerativa. Houve um aumento significativo (p<0.022) no número de células caliciformes dos pacientes tratados clinicamente, porém com redução do conteúdo glandular. CONCLUSÕES: Os dados sugerem que a atividade glandular juntamente com a redução da expressão da galectina-3 possam auxiliar o diagnóstico e o monitoramento desses pacientes.

OBJECTIVES: Aiming to offer a diagnosis method or a prognostic marker, galectin-3 appears as a potential marker of the physiopathology of diverse diseases and some types of cancer, between them the colorectal cancer. METHODS: In our study, the immunohistochemical and histological profiles had been taken from intestinal biopsies of patients with ulcerative colitis (n=20) and its respective normal counterpart, from both males and females and average age of 55 years-old. The biopsies had been submitted to Periodic Acid of Schiff (PAS) for visualization of glycosaminoglycans inclusions, and Masson's tricromic for visualization of collagen fibers. Fragments (4µm) had been submitted to the technique of immunohistochemistry for galectin-3 protein. The profiles of tecidual coloration had been analyzed through a work station contend an optic microscope copulated with a digital camera, both connected a computer contend software OPTIMAS®. RESULTS: Our results demonstrate a reduction of galectin-3 expression in ulcerative colitis inflammatory site from surgically and clinically treated patients. The goblet cells number from the surgically treated patients had suffered a significant reduction (p<0.022), however with increase of its glandular content. CONCLUSIONS: The data suggest that the glandular activity together with the reduction of the galectin-3 expression can assist the accompaniment of these patients.