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1.
Ann Biol Clin (Paris) ; 79(5): 415-425, 2021 Oct 01.
Artículo en Francés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34642137

RESUMEN

During a blood test, the discovery of thrombocytosis is a frequent phenomenon with multiple origins. False thrombocytosis linked to analytical interferences is rare but must be eliminated before confirming the anomaly. The reaction origin, often very easily demonstrated by the context and/or the presence of a biological inflammatory syndrome, is the most frequent. More rarely, the diagnosis is oriented towards a clonal hematological pathology not limited to essential thrombocythemia. Currently, many biological tools, which have largely contributed to the recommendations of the latest WHO classification of chronic myeloid neoplasms, are available to classify these pathologies as precisely as possible, allowing optimal management.


Asunto(s)
Trastornos Mieloproliferativos , Trombocitemia Esencial , Trombocitosis , Adulto , Humanos , Trombocitemia Esencial/diagnóstico , Trombocitosis/diagnóstico
2.
J Med Cases ; 12(4): 134-137, 2021 Apr.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34434445

RESUMEN

Gardnerella vaginalis (G. vaginalis) is a commensal bacterium of the vaginal flora, facultative anerobic with Gram-variable, frequently implicated in cases of vaginosis or even infections of the genitourinary tract, rarely responsible for systemic infections and very exceptionally isolated in bronchopulmonary damage. We report here a case of G. vaginalis pneumonia in a 45-year-old man admitted to the intensive care unit for cardiorespiratory arrest (CRA) by hanging, whose course was unfavorable following severe post-anoxic encephalopathy. During his hospitalization, the patient presented ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) with identification of G. vaginalis at a significant threshold on the protected distal bronchial sampling (PDBS). Antibiotic therapy with cefotaxime and metronidazole had a good response to this infection. In this observation, we discuss the pathogenic role and identification of G. vaginalis at the pulmonary level.

3.
Ann Biol Clin (Paris) ; 79(1): 69-74, 2021 Feb 01.
Artículo en Francés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33527906

RESUMEN

Sideroblastic anemias in adults are often quickly labeled as myelodysplasias. We report two unfrequent observations of secondary acquired forms. The first one is a 15-year-old girl presented with severe cytopenias. The myelogram revealed the presence of vacuolated myeloid and erythroblastic precursors, with ring sideroblasts. Copper deficiency has been demonstrated in front of the association with collapsed cupremia and ceruleoplasminemia, with normal cupruria. The second case is a 70-year-old man, treated for 1 month with several lines of antibiotics for a skin infection, referred for cytopenias. The myelogram found vacuolated erythroblastic precursors and ring sideroblasts. Linezolid's responsibility has been proposed, with a favorable development after treatment has been stopped. These two observations, which describe unfrequent sideroblastic anemias, point out that this discovery should not lead to the diagnosis of myelodysplasia before having considered the many other etiologies.


Asunto(s)
Anemia Sideroblástica , Síndromes Mielodisplásicos , Adolescente , Anciano , Anemia Sideroblástica/diagnóstico , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Síndromes Mielodisplásicos/complicaciones , Síndromes Mielodisplásicos/diagnóstico
4.
Ann Biol Clin (Paris) ; 78(4): 399-409, 2020 08 01.
Artículo en Francés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32540797

RESUMEN

The discovery of eosinophilia above 1.5 G/L should not be considered innocuous, requiring monitoring for etiology and possible secondary organ damage. Among these, cardiac localization is the most worrying, sometimes indolent, to be systematically sought by ultrasound and magnetic resonance. The potential etiologies are very numerous, mostly reactive and corticosensitive, much more rarely clonal in relation to a malignant hemopathy usually chronic and myeloid, sometimes sensitive to tyrosine kinase inhibitors.


Asunto(s)
Técnicas de Laboratorio Clínico/métodos , Eosinofilia/diagnóstico , Eosinofilia/etiología , Pruebas Hematológicas/métodos , Técnicas de Laboratorio Clínico/historia , Técnicas de Laboratorio Clínico/normas , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Eosinofilia/historia , Pruebas Hematológicas/historia , Pruebas Hematológicas/normas , Historia del Siglo XXI , Humanos
5.
Ann Biol Clin (Paris) ; 78(1): 7-16, 2020 02 01.
Artículo en Francés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32108583

RESUMEN

Immunosuppression is a well known risk factor for the development of lymphoid pathologies. The classification of these neoplasias is becoming more precise and complex, some features being common to all immunocompromised patients, primarily the important influence of Epstein-Barr virus. Whatever the origin of the immunodepression, these lymphoid proliferations are very heterogeneous, constituting a wide range between polymorphic aspects and clearly lymphomatous morphologies indistinguishable from those observed in immunocompetent subjects. It is important to detect precisely these different categories of proliferation within each group of immunosuppression, to better individualize the prognosis and the management of patients.


Asunto(s)
Huésped Inmunocomprometido , Linfoma/etiología , Transformación Celular Viral/fisiología , VIH/fisiología , Infecciones por VIH/complicaciones , Infecciones por VIH/epidemiología , Infecciones por VIH/inmunología , Infecciones por VIH/patología , Humanos , Huésped Inmunocomprometido/inmunología , Síndromes de Inmunodeficiencia/complicaciones , Síndromes de Inmunodeficiencia/epidemiología , Inmunosupresores/efectos adversos , Linfoma/epidemiología , Linfoma/inmunología , Trastornos Linfoproliferativos/inducido químicamente , Trastornos Linfoproliferativos/epidemiología , Trastornos Linfoproliferativos/inmunología , Trasplante de Órganos/efectos adversos , Trasplante de Órganos/estadística & datos numéricos , Acondicionamiento Pretrasplante/efectos adversos , Acondicionamiento Pretrasplante/estadística & datos numéricos
6.
Ann Biol Clin (Paris) ; 77(5): 485-494, 2019 10 01.
Artículo en Francés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31486402

RESUMEN

The discovery of a monocytosis is a frequent phenomenon, requiring confirmation by reading under a microscope by an experimented biologist, to overcome usual cytological traps such as the presence of hairy cells, promonocytes or monoblasts. In the vast majority of cases the secondary origin is very easily found by the context and/or the presence of a biological inflammatory syndrome. More rarely the diagnosis is directed towards an eosinophilic pathology or an acute leukemia. In other cases, CMML, MPN or MDS with monocytosis may be highlighted. In the absence of any pathognomonic element and the presence of "borderline" forms the differential diagnosis between these 3 entities is not always straightforward, requiring, according to WHO, molecular investigations and elimination of any reactive cause of monocytosis. Although histological, immunohistochemical and phenotypic flow cytometric studies are not currently recommended by WHO, these investigations could be of interest in the evaluation of difficult cases.


Asunto(s)
Técnicas de Laboratorio Clínico/métodos , Monocitos/patología , Síndromes Mielodisplásicos/diagnóstico , Adulto , Edad de Inicio , Algoritmos , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Humanos , Recuento de Leucocitos , Síndromes Mielodisplásicos/epidemiología , Síndromes Mielodisplásicos/patología
7.
Ann Biol Clin (Paris) ; 77(3): 245-254, 2019 06 01.
Artículo en Francés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31115338

RESUMEN

The etiological assessment of a monoclonal gammopathy is currently standardized, the decisional algorithms allowing a sufficiently precise classification to consider the care, wait or therapeutic. The purpose of this review is to recall the difficulties concerning the interpretation of certain biological investigations and to point out the potential complications of monoclonal gammopathies labeled as "benign". The cooperation between clinicians and biologists is in all cases essential, allowing to propose on a case-by-case basis the best adapted explorations.


Asunto(s)
Servicios de Laboratorio Clínico/normas , Técnicas de Laboratorio Clínico , Gammopatía Monoclonal de Relevancia Indeterminada/diagnóstico , Gammopatía Monoclonal de Relevancia Indeterminada/etiología , Toma de Decisiones Clínicas , Técnicas de Laboratorio Clínico/normas , Técnicas de Laboratorio Clínico/estadística & datos numéricos , Exactitud de los Datos , Interpretación Estadística de Datos , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Humanos , Gammopatía Monoclonal de Relevancia Indeterminada/complicaciones
8.
Ann Biol Clin (Paris) ; 76(6): 651-658, 2018 Dec 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30543190

RESUMEN

Adult neutropenia, defined as a blood neutrophil count below 1.5 G/L, is a common condition. The most common cause of acute neutropenia is a drug-related reaction or an acute infectious disease. In chronic forms many etiologies are possible, sometimes poorly-defined, requiring precise explorations. The purpose of this article is to recall the required criteria for exploring neutropenia and to point out the algorithm of explorations in order to find the cause. Etiologies of acute and chronic forms are also detailed.


Asunto(s)
Neutropenia/diagnóstico , Neutropenia/etiología , Adulto , Edad de Inicio , Lista de Verificación , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Humanos , Neutropenia/epidemiología , Factores de Riesgo
9.
Ann Biol Clin (Paris) ; 76(5): 493-503, 2018 10 01.
Artículo en Francés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30226192

RESUMEN

The most frequent causes of hemolytic anemias are immune or infectious diseases, drug induced hemolysis, thrombotic microangiopathies, hereditary spherocytosis, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase or pyruvate kinase deficiencies, thalassemia's and sickle cell disease. Sometimes no cause is found because a rarer etiology is involved. The goal of this review is to remember some unfrequent constitutional or acquired causes and to point out difficulties to avoid wrong interpretations of analysis results.


Asunto(s)
Anemia Hemolítica/diagnóstico , Anemia Hemolítica/etiología , Anemia Hemolítica/sangre , Anemia Hemolítica Congénita no Esferocítica/sangre , Anemia Hemolítica Congénita no Esferocítica/complicaciones , Anemia Hemolítica Congénita no Esferocítica/diagnóstico , Anemia de Células Falciformes/sangre , Anemia de Células Falciformes/complicaciones , Anemia de Células Falciformes/diagnóstico , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Deficiencia de Glucosafosfato Deshidrogenasa/sangre , Deficiencia de Glucosafosfato Deshidrogenasa/complicaciones , Deficiencia de Glucosafosfato Deshidrogenasa/diagnóstico , Pruebas Hematológicas/métodos , Pruebas Hematológicas/normas , Humanos , Piruvato Quinasa/sangre , Piruvato Quinasa/deficiencia , Errores Innatos del Metabolismo del Piruvato/sangre , Errores Innatos del Metabolismo del Piruvato/complicaciones , Errores Innatos del Metabolismo del Piruvato/diagnóstico , Esferocitosis Hereditaria/sangre , Esferocitosis Hereditaria/complicaciones , Esferocitosis Hereditaria/diagnóstico , Microangiopatías Trombóticas/sangre , Microangiopatías Trombóticas/complicaciones , Microangiopatías Trombóticas/diagnóstico
10.
Ann Biol Clin (Paris) ; 75(4): 442-444, 2017 Aug 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28751289

RESUMEN

IgE myeloma is an extremely rare disease characterized by frequent plasma cell leukemia, little monoclonal-spike on electrophoresis, an high incidence of t(11;14) translocation and a worse survival than those with common myelomas. We report here a new case of IgE myeloma and discuss clinical presentation, biological features and therapeutic option.


Asunto(s)
Inmunoglobulina E/metabolismo , Mieloma Múltiple/diagnóstico , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Mieloma Múltiple/inmunología , Mieloma Múltiple/metabolismo , Mieloma Múltiple/patología
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