[Survey of patients admitted to the Regional Hospital Center (RHC) of Maradi following self-medication]. / Enquete chez les patients admis au Centre Hospitalier Regional (CHR) de Maradi a la suite d'une automedication.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact and complications related to self-medication among patients admitted to the Maradi RHC. METHODOLOGY: We conducted a cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study at the Maradi RHC, in the referral department from June 30 to September 30, 2021, by means of an interview. RESULTS: A total of 254 patients were interviewed. The frequency of self-medication at the Maradi CHR was 3.63%. The majority of the patients surveyed were women (53.94%). The average age was 42 years. Among them, 63.39% were attending Koranic school and 38.19% were housewives. Street vendors and traditional practitioners were the main suppliers of self-medication drugs, respectively 45.28% and 30.31%. The most commonly used products were traditional medicines, analgesics, antibiotics and anti-malarial (47.63%, 26.37%, 22.44% and 16.92% respectively). The lack of financial means and accessibility of treatment were the main reasons for this practice. Digestive diseases were the most frequent pathology group. Jaundice was the first complication related to self-medication, followed by urticaria and Lyell's syndrome. Following management, 8% (n=20) patients were discharged cured and 6% (n=15) had died. CONCLUSION: Self-medication is a rapidly growing practice, favored by many factors despite the many risks that can arise from it. In order to prevent these risks, an awareness program is necessary to make the population adhere to a change of behavior.

OBJECTIF: Cette étude avait pour objectif d'évaluer l'impact et les complications liées à l'automédication chez les patients admis au CHR de Maradi. MÉTHODOLOGIE: Nous avons mené une étude transversale, descriptive et analytique au CHR de Maradi, dans le service d'aiguillage du 30 Juin au 30 septembre 2021, par le biais d'une interview. RÉSULTATS: Au total 254 patients ont été interviewés. La fréquence de l'automédication au CHR de Maradi était de 3,63%. La majorité des patients enquêtés étaient des femmes 53,94%. La moyenne d'âge était de 42 ans. Parmi eux, 63,39% fréquentaient l'école coranique et 38,19% étaient des ménagères. Les vendeurs de la rue et les tradipraticiensétaient les principaux acteurs qui fournissaient les médicaments d'automédication soit respectivement 45,28% et 30,31%. Les produitsles plus utilisées étaient les médicaments traditionnels, les antalgiques, les antibiotiques et les antipaludiques soit respectivement 47,63%, 26,37%, 22,44% et 16,92%. Le manque de moyen financier et l'accessibilité du traitement étaient les principales causes motivant cette pratique. Les affections digestives représentent le groupe de pathologie les plus fréquentes. L'ictère était la première complication liée à l'automédication suivi de l'urticaire et le syndrome de Lyell. A la suite de la prise en charge,8%(n=20) patients de étaient sortis sont sortis guéris et 6% (n=15) étaient décédés. CONCLUSION: L'automédication est une pratique en forte croissance, favorisée par bien de facteurs malgré les nombreux risques qui peuvent découler de celle-ci. En vue de prévenir ces risques un programme de sensibilisation s'avère nécessaire afin de faire adhérer la population à un changement de comportement.

[Survey of patients admitted to the Regional Hospital Center (RHC) of Maradi following self-medication]. / Enquete chez les patients admis au Centre Hospitalier Regional (CHR) de Maradi a la suite d'une automedication.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact and complications related to self-medication among patients admitted to the Maradi RHC. METHODOLOGY: We conducted a cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study at the Maradi RHC, in the referral department from June 30 to September 30, 2021, by means of an interview. RESULTS: A total of 254 patients were interviewed. The frequency of self-medication at the Maradi CHR was 3.63%. The majority of the patients surveyed were women (53.94%). The average age was 42 years. Among them, 63.39% were attending Koranic school and 38.19% were housewives. Street vendors and traditional practitioners were the main suppliers of self-medication drugs, respectively 45.28% and 30.31%. The most commonly used products were traditional medicines, analgesics, antibiotics and anti-malarial (47.63%, 26.37%, 22.44% and 16.92% respectively). The lack of financial means and accessibility of treatment were the main reasons for this practice. Digestive diseases were the most frequent pathology group. Jaundice was the first complication related to self-medication, followed by urticaria and Lyell's syndrome. Following management, 8% (n=20) patients were discharged cured and 6% (n=15) had died. CONCLUSION: Self-medication is a rapidly growing practice, favored by many factors despite the many risks that can arise from it. In order to prevent these risks, an awareness program is necessary to make the population adhere to a change of behavior.

OBJECTIF: Cette étude avait pour objectif d'évaluer l'impact et les complications liées à l'automédication chez les patients admis au CHR de Maradi. MÉTHODOLOGIE: Nous avons mené une étude transversale, descriptive et analytique au CHR de Maradi, dans le service d'aiguillage du 30 Juin au 30 septembre 2021, par le biais d'une interview. RÉSULTATS: Au total 254 patients ont été interviewés. La fréquence de l'automédication au CHR de Maradi était de 3,63%. La majorité des patients enquêtés étaient des femmes 53,94%. La moyenne d'âge était de 42 ans. Parmi eux, 63,39% fréquentaient l'école coranique et 38,19% étaient des ménagères. Les vendeurs de la rue et les tradipraticiensétaient les principaux acteurs qui fournissaient les médicaments d'automédication soit respectivement 45,28% et 30,31%. Les produitsles plus utilisées étaient les médicaments traditionnels, les antalgiques, les antibiotiques et les antipaludiques soit respectivement 47,63%, 26,37%, 22,44% et 16,92%. Le manque de moyen financier et l'accessibilité du traitement étaient les principales causes motivant cette pratique. Les affections digestives représentent le groupe de pathologie les plus fréquentes. L'ictère était la première complication liée à l'automédication suivi de l'urticaire et le syndrome de Lyell. A la suite de la prise en charge,8%(n=20) patients de étaient sortis sont sortis guéris et 6% (n=15) étaient décédés. CONCLUSION: L'automédication est une pratique en forte croissance, favorisée par bien de facteurs malgré les nombreux risques qui peuvent découler de celle-ci. En vue de prévenir ces risques un programme de sensibilisation s'avère nécessaire afin de faire adhérer la population à un changement de comportement.

A rare case of orbital tuberculosis with cold abscess and frontal bone lesion.

Tuberculosis is a multisystem infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis and a leading infectious cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Orbital tuberculosis is a rare form of extra pulmonary tuberculosis, even in endemic areas. It may involve the soft tissue, lacrymal gland, periosteum, or bones of the orbital wall and can extend to adjacent paranasal sinuses or intracranial cavities. The delay in diagnosis can be due to the fact that the clinical signs simulate any inflammatory disease. The diagnosis is usually based on tissue examination in histopathological evidence presenting as granulomatous lesion or presence of acid fast bacilli (AFB). The long term anti tuberculosis therapy is the effective treatment. Here we present the case of orbital tuberculosis on a young man operated in our department and who had a good outcome under anti tuberculosis drugs for 12 months.

Oropharyngeal Rhabdomyosarcoma with cranial nerve paralysis in a limited resource setting: a case report and review of literature.

Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS), a tumor of skeletal muscle origin, is the most common soft tissue sarcoma encountered in childhood and adolescence; it is primarily found in the head and neck region, it is relatively uncommon tumors of the oral cavity. Clinical signs depend on the exact location of the lesion in the oral cavity and its development. Authors reported the case of a 14-year-old patient who presented an oropharyngeal mass causing voice dysfunction, after two surgical operation the patient experimented two 2 recurrences of the lesion. The histopathological examination objectifies an oropharyngeal rhabdomyosarcoma. Immediate postoperative outcome was uneventful with improvement in the voice dysfunction and dysphagia one month after surgery. Complementary treatment (chemotherapy and radiotherapy) was not available and accessible to the patient. Twenty months (20) after surgery, the examination found a recurrence of the tumor with pulmonary metastases and neurological complications. Oropharyngeal rhabdomyosarcomas are rare. Their interest lies in the fact that they often affect children and adolescents. The prognosis remains unfavorable in our context, even for cases accessible to surgery since complementary treatment with chemotherapy and / or radiotherapy does not exist. The prognosis depends on tumor size, location, staging, age of patients and especially the quality of the management.

How much is not enough? A community randomized trial of a Water and Health Education programme for Trachoma and Ocular C. trachomatis infection in Niger.

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: To determine the impact after 2 years of a water and health education (W/HE) programme on ocular Chlamydia trachomatis infection and trachoma. METHODS: We randomized 12 trachoma-endemic communities in Maradi, Niger 1:1 to W/HE intervention and control arms and collected data on 10 of the 12 villages. In the intervention villages, at least one clean water well was constructed, and a 3 month, modest health education programme was provided immediately prior to the 2 year survey. We censused all households, and 557 children ages 1-5 years were randomly selected as sentinel children and examined at baseline and at one and 2 years from baseline. Trachoma was clinically assessed and a swab taken and analyzed for C. trachomatis. Tetracycline eye ointment was provided to all children in either arm during the surveys who had signs of trachoma. RESULTS: Infection with C. trachomatis declined slightly, and not significantly, in the children in the control villages over the 2 years, from 15% to 11%. The decline in infection was more pronounced, and significant, in the children in the intervention villages, from 26% to 15%. However, the change in infection rates in the intervention villages was not significantly different from the change in infection rates in the control villages (P = 0.39, and 0.11 for change from baseline to 1 year and 2 year, respectively). There was also no difference in the change in overall trachoma rates between the two arms. CONCLUSION: These data suggest that the provision of water plus a modest health education programme did not result in a significant difference in trachoma or ocular C. trachomatis infection in endemic communities in Niger. A more substantial health education intervention is likely necessary to produce change.