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1.
Heredity (Edinb) ; 117(5): 326-335, 2016 11.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27381325

RESUMEN

Although most Hymenoptera reproduce via arrhenotokous haplodiploidy, the underlying genetic mechanisms vary. Of these, the most widespread mechanism appears to be single-locus complementary sex determination (sl-CSD), in which individuals that are diploid and heterozygous at a sex-determining locus are female, and individuals that are homozygous or hemizygous are male. Because inbreeding increases the probability of producing diploid males, which are often sterile or inviable, sl-CSD can generate substantial inbreeding depression. To counteract this, Hymenoptera with traits that promote inbreeding, such as gregariousness, may evolve one or more of the following: inbreeding avoidance, functional diploid males or alternative sex determination mechanisms. Here, we investigate sex determination, inbreeding depression and inbreeding avoidance in Neodiprion lecontei, a gregarious, pine-feeding sawfly in the family Diprionidae. First, via inbreeding experiments and flow cytometry, we demonstrate that this species has CSD. By modeling expected sex ratios under different conditions, we also show that our data are consistent with sl-CSD. Second, via tracking survival in inbred and outbred families, we demonstrate that inbred families have reduced larval survival and that this mortality is partly attributable to the death of diploid males. Third, using a no-choice mating assay, we demonstrate that females are less willing to mate with siblings than nonsiblings. Together, these results suggest that inbreeding depression stemming from CSD has shaped mating behavior in N. lecontei. These results also set the stage for future comparative work that will investigate the interplay between sex determination, ecology and behavior in additional diprionid species that vary in larval gregariousness.


Asunto(s)
Himenópteros/genética , Depresión Endogámica , Endogamia , Procesos de Determinación del Sexo , Conducta Sexual Animal , Animales , Diploidia , Femenino , Aptitud Genética , Himenópteros/fisiología , Masculino , Razón de Masculinidad
3.
J Vet Intern Med ; 23(6): 1220-6, 2009.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19780928

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a correlate to physical examination in various myelopathies and a predictor of functional outcome. OBJECTIVES: To describe associations among MRI features, neurological dysfunction before MRI, and functional outcome in dogs with disk herniation. ANIMALS: One hundred and fifty-nine dogs with acute thoracolumbar disk herniation. METHODS: Retrospective case series. Signalment, initial neurological function as assessed by a modified Frankel score (MFS), and ambulatory outcome at hospital discharge and >3 months (long-term) follow-up were recorded from medical records and telephone interview of owners. Associations were estimated between these parameters and MRI signal and morphometric data. RESULTS: Dogs with intramedullary T2W hyperintensity had more severe pre-MRI MFS (median 2, range 0-4) and lower ambulatory proportion at long-term follow-up (0.76) than those dogs lacking hyperintensity (median MFS 3, range 0-5; ambulatory proportion, 0.93) (P=.001 and .013, respectively). Each unit of T2W length ratio was associated with a 1.9 times lower odds of long-term ambulation when adjusted for pre-MRI MFS (95% confidence interval 1.0-3.52, P=.05). Dogs with a compressive length ratio >1.31 (which was the median ratio within this population) had more severe pre-MRI MFS (median 3, range 0-5) compared with those with ratios < or =1.31 (median MFS 3, range 0-4; P=.006). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: MRI features were associated with initial injury severity in dogs with thoracolumbar disk herniation. Based on results of this study, the T2W length ratio and presence of T2W intramedullary hyperintensity appear to be predictive of long-term ambulatory status.


Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de los Perros/patología , Desplazamiento del Disco Intervertebral/veterinaria , Vértebras Lumbares/patología , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética/veterinaria , Animales , Enfermedades de los Perros/etiología , Enfermedades de los Perros/cirugía , Perros , Femenino , Desplazamiento del Disco Intervertebral/complicaciones , Desplazamiento del Disco Intervertebral/patología , Desplazamiento del Disco Intervertebral/cirugía , Masculino , Compresión de la Médula Espinal/patología , Compresión de la Médula Espinal/cirugía , Compresión de la Médula Espinal/veterinaria , Vértebras Torácicas
5.
Vet Surg ; 30(5): 432-9, 2001.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11555818

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To determine factors associated with the occurrence of pneumonia after intracranial surgery in dogs. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. Animals-Forty-nine client-owned dogs. METHODS: The medical records of 49 dogs with space-occupying intracranial disease that underwent craniotomy were reviewed. Development of pneumonia after surgery was considered highly likely in 12 dogs (affected dogs) based on clinical signs, including acute dyspnea or coughing in association with typical radiographic findings or abnormal transtracheal wash results. Pneumonia was confirmed in 6 dogs based on necropsy findings. Affected dogs were compared with 37 dogs that did not develop pneumonia (unaffected dogs) subsequent to intracranial surgery. Based on the medical records of affected dogs, determinations were made regarding time between development of pneumonia and surgery, surgical procedure, intracranial lesion type, and intracranial lesion location. Risk factors examined for both affected and unaffected dogs included level of consciousness, body position during the postoperative recovery period, duration of anesthesia, occurrence of vomiting or regurgitation, presence of seizures, cranial nerve deficiencies, and the presence of megaesophagus before and after surgery. We also compared the feeding protocol after surgery for each group. RESULTS: Pneumonia typically occurred within the first week after surgery (median, 6.5 days); however, this was variable (range, 1-96 days). Of the factors that were present within 24 hours before the clinical signs of pneumonia, vomiting or regurgitation and megaesophagus were found to be significant risk factors. Dogs that vomited or regurgitated were 2.71 times more likely to develop pneumonia than dogs that did not. Vomiting or regurgitation occurred in 63% of the dogs that developed pneumonia in this cohort. Dogs with megaesophagus were 9.25 times more likely to develop pneumonia than dogs without megaesophagus. Seven dogs with pneumonia died. Five of these 7 dogs appeared to have died as a direct sequel to pneumonia. CONCLUSION: Dogs undergoing craniectomies for space-occupying intracranial disease may be at higher risk for development of pneumonia due to several factors, including vomiting, regurgitation, and megaesophagus.


Asunto(s)
Encefalopatías/veterinaria , Craneotomía/veterinaria , Enfermedades de los Perros/cirugía , Neumonía por Aspiración/veterinaria , Animales , Encefalopatías/cirugía , Cruzamiento , Estudios de Cohortes , Craneotomía/efectos adversos , Enfermedades de los Perros/epidemiología , Perros , Femenino , Masculino , Neumonía por Aspiración/epidemiología , Neumonía por Aspiración/etiología , Registros/veterinaria , Estudios Retrospectivos , Washingtón/epidemiología
6.
Vet Radiol Ultrasound ; 42(4): 291-6, 2001.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11499702

RESUMEN

Magnetic resonance imaging (MR) was used to make a diagnosis of equine nigropallidal encephalomalacia in a horse. Equine nigropallidal encephalomalacia is a neurodegenerative disease that has many characteristics with Parkinson-like diseases in humans. Historically, horses were euthanized based on clinical signs and exposure to the toxic weed, yellow star thistle (Centaurea solstitialis). Previously, the disease has only been confirmed on necropsy. MR imaging can provide accurate and sensitive visualization of typical lesions seen in the brain of horses affected with equine nigropallidal encephalomalacia. Lesions were seen on T1-weighted, T2-weighted and proton density images. There was no contrast enhancement following Gd-DTPA administration. Lesions seen on MR were confirmed at necropsy. Using MR to confirm a diagnosis of equine nigropallidal encephalomalacia will prevent unnecessary suffering of horses and expense to owners that would otherwise incur, while further diagnostics are performed.


Asunto(s)
Encefalomalacia/veterinaria , Enfermedades de los Caballos/diagnóstico por imagen , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Animales , Encefalomalacia/diagnóstico por imagen , Encefalomalacia/patología , Enfermedades de los Caballos/patología , Caballos , Radiografía
7.
Vet Radiol Ultrasound ; 42(3): 231-4, 2001.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11405264

RESUMEN

A 6 month-old dog was examined for progressive paraparesis. On physical examination bony malformations were palpated over the cranial lumbar vertebral bodies and on the left metatarsal bone. Neuroanatomic lesion localization for the paraparesis was a T3-L3 spinal cord lesion. Radiographs confirmed bony masses at L1-L2 and on the left 3rd metatarsal bone. Magnetic resonance imaging was performed from T3-L3. Severe spinal cord compression was identified at L1-L2. Surgical decompression and biopsy confirmed the mass to be cartilaginous exostoses. This paper is an example of cartilaginous exostoses imaged with MR.


Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de los Perros/diagnóstico por imagen , Osteocondroma/veterinaria , Compresión de la Médula Espinal/veterinaria , Neoplasias de la Médula Espinal/veterinaria , Animales , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Enfermedades de los Perros/cirugía , Perros , Vértebras Lumbares , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética/veterinaria , Masculino , Huesos Metatarsianos , Osteocondroma/complicaciones , Osteocondroma/diagnóstico por imagen , Osteocondroma/cirugía , Paraparesia/etiología , Paraparesia/veterinaria , Radiografía , Compresión de la Médula Espinal/diagnóstico por imagen , Compresión de la Médula Espinal/etiología , Compresión de la Médula Espinal/cirugía , Neoplasias de la Médula Espinal/complicaciones , Neoplasias de la Médula Espinal/diagnóstico por imagen , Neoplasias de la Médula Espinal/cirugía
8.
Am J Vet Res ; 62(2): 248-51, 2001 Feb.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11212034

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To determine the minimal ultrasonic aspirator pressure necessary to damage the cerebral cortex of healthy dogs. ANIMALS: 9 mixed-breed dogs. PROCEDURE: The study comprised 2 parts. In part A, 6 dogs were euthanatized immediately prior to the experiment. In part B, 3 dogs were anesthetized for recording of physiologic variables. In both parts, craniectomy and durotomy were performed to bilaterally expose the lateral aspect of the cerebral cortex. An ultrasonic aspirator was placed in contact with various areas of the cerebral cortex, and aspirator power was altered (10, 20, 30, and 40%). Duration of contact at each power was 5 and 10 seconds. Subsequently, gross morphologic and histologic damage was assessed in the cortex. RESULTS: Gross observations for all dogs were similar. At 10% power, visible or histologic damage was not evident in the cortex. At 20% power, the cortex was slightly indented from contact with the hand piece; however, cortical disruption was not evident. Cortical disruption was initially detectable at 30% power in some dogs and was consistently evident at 40% power in both sets of dogs. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Ultrasonic aspirator power of < 20% created minimal acute morphologic damage to the cortex. Power settings between 20 and 30% may superficially damage the cerebral cortex in healthy dogs, whereas 40% power consistently damages the cerebral cortex. Knowledge of the degree of damage to cerebral cortex caused by various amounts of power for ultrasonic aspirators will allow surgeons to avoid damaging normal brain tissues during surgery.


Asunto(s)
Corteza Cerebral/lesiones , Succión/veterinaria , Ultrasonido/efectos adversos , Animales , Perros , Presión/efectos adversos , Succión/efectos adversos , Succión/instrumentación
9.
J Am Anim Hosp Assoc ; 36(5): 413-5, 2000.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10997516

RESUMEN

A 21-kg, seven-year-old, male, mixed-breed Labrador retriever was admitted for incoordination and a head tilt of approximately three months' duration. Ataxia was noted of the trunk and limbs, and there was a head tilt to the right side. Conscious proprioceptive deficits were present in the left thoracic and pelvic limbs (i.e., hemiparesis). These abnormalities were consistent with paradoxical vestibular syndrome and a lesion involving the caudal cerebellar peduncle. A mass lesion consisting primarily of fluid was present on magnetic resonance imaging and at craniectomy. Histopathological diagnosis was a cystic meningioma. Based upon previous reports and experience, the location of this tumor was unusual.


Asunto(s)
Neoplasias Cerebelosas/veterinaria , Enfermedades de los Perros/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Meníngeas/veterinaria , Meningioma/veterinaria , Animales , Neoplasias Cerebelosas/complicaciones , Neoplasias Cerebelosas/diagnóstico , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Enfermedades de los Perros/patología , Enfermedades de los Perros/cirugía , Perros , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética/veterinaria , Masculino , Neoplasias Meníngeas/complicaciones , Neoplasias Meníngeas/diagnóstico , Meningioma/complicaciones , Meningioma/diagnóstico , Enfermedades Vestibulares/etiología , Enfermedades Vestibulares/veterinaria
10.
Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract ; 30(1): 133-53, vi-vii, 2000 Jan.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10680212

RESUMEN

Spinal trauma is a common cause of spinal cord dysfunction in dogs and cats. When the spine is injured by exogenous injury, the impact often results in vertebral fracture or luxation. As each injury is unique, treatment guidelines have to be individualized to the animal. This article reviews the clinical management including surgical and nonsurgical treatments for animals with vertebral fracture/luxation.


Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de los Gatos/diagnóstico , Enfermedades de los Gatos/terapia , Enfermedades de los Perros/diagnóstico , Enfermedades de los Perros/terapia , Luxaciones Articulares/veterinaria , Fracturas de la Columna Vertebral/veterinaria , Animales , Enfermedades de los Gatos/diagnóstico por imagen , Gatos , Enfermedades de los Perros/diagnóstico por imagen , Perros , Luxaciones Articulares/diagnóstico , Luxaciones Articulares/terapia , Fracturas de la Columna Vertebral/diagnóstico , Fracturas de la Columna Vertebral/terapia , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X/veterinaria
11.
Vet Radiol Ultrasound ; 40(6): 627-33, 1999.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10608691

RESUMEN

Twenty-one dogs with confirmed tumors of the spinal cord or paraspinal tissues were imaged with magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. Anatomical location, location in relation to the dura and the medulla (spinal cord), and bone infiltration were assessed on the MR images and compared to findings at surgery or necropsy. Localization of tumors in the intradural-extramedullary compartment was not always possible. Bone infiltration was correctly assessed in all but one dog, and the anatomical locations involved were accurately determined in all dogs. Sagittal T2-weighted images were helpful to determine the anatomical location. Transverse T1-weighted images pre and post Gd-DTPA administration were helpful for additional localization and definition of tumor extension.


Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de los Perros/diagnóstico , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética/veterinaria , Neoplasias de la Médula Espinal/veterinaria , Neoplasias de la Columna Vertebral/veterinaria , Animales , Medios de Contraste , Enfermedades de los Perros/patología , Perros , Duramadre/patología , Fibrosarcoma/diagnóstico , Fibrosarcoma/patología , Fibrosarcoma/veterinaria , Gadolinio DTPA , Ganglioneuroma/diagnóstico , Ganglioneuroma/patología , Ganglioneuroma/veterinaria , Hemangiosarcoma/diagnóstico , Hemangiosarcoma/patología , Hemangiosarcoma/veterinaria , Aumento de la Imagen , Linfoma no Hodgkin/diagnóstico , Linfoma no Hodgkin/patología , Linfoma no Hodgkin/veterinaria , Meningioma/diagnóstico , Meningioma/patología , Meningioma/veterinaria , Invasividad Neoplásica , Neoplasias de la Vaina del Nervio/diagnóstico , Neoplasias de la Vaina del Nervio/patología , Neoplasias de la Vaina del Nervio/veterinaria , Osteosarcoma/diagnóstico , Osteosarcoma/patología , Osteosarcoma/veterinaria , Plasmacitoma/diagnóstico , Plasmacitoma/patología , Plasmacitoma/veterinaria , Neoplasias de la Médula Espinal/diagnóstico , Neoplasias de la Médula Espinal/patología , Neoplasias de la Columna Vertebral/diagnóstico , Neoplasias de la Columna Vertebral/patología
12.
J Am Vet Med Assoc ; 215(6): 818-9, 1999 Sep 15.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10496135

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of various clinical signs in dogs with brain tumors. DESIGN: Retrospective study. ANIMALS: 97 dogs with brain tumors. PROCEDURE: Medical records were reviewed for signalment, tumor type and location, and clinical signs. RESULTS: 33 breeds were represented; Golden Retrievers were most commonly affected. Most dogs were older (median age, 9 years); 95% of dogs were > or = 5 years old. Seventy-six percent of dogs had tumors in the supratentorial region. Seizures were the most common clinical sign at initial examination, with lower prevalence for circling, ataxia, and head tilt. Meningioma was the most common tumor. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Brain tumors develop most often in dogs > or = 5 years old and are uncommon in dogs < 5 years old. Seizures are a common clinical sign, and a brain tumor should be considered in dogs that have their first seizure after they are 4 years old.


Asunto(s)
Neoplasias Encefálicas/veterinaria , Enfermedades de los Perros/fisiopatología , Factores de Edad , Animales , Ataxia/epidemiología , Ataxia/veterinaria , Neoplasias Encefálicas/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Encefálicas/fisiopatología , Cruzamiento , Enfermedades de los Perros/diagnóstico , Enfermedades de los Perros/epidemiología , Perros , Movimientos de la Cabeza , Actividad Motora , Prevalencia , Estudios Retrospectivos , Convulsiones/epidemiología , Convulsiones/veterinaria
14.
Hum Gene Ther ; 10(2): 223-34, 1999 Jan 20.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10022547

RESUMEN

Cationic lipid-mediated gene transfer to the mouse lung induces a dose-dependent inflammatory response that is characterized by an influx of leukocytes and elevated levels of the cytokines interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), and interferon gamma (IFN-gamma). We have examined the contribution of plasmid DNA (pDNA) to this observed toxicity, specifically the role of unmethylated CpG dinucleotides, which have been previously shown to be immunostimulatory. We report here that complexes of cationic lipid GL-67 and unmethylated pDNA (pCF1-CAT) instilled into the lungs of BALB/c mice induced highly elevated levels of the cytokines TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma, IL-6, and IL-12 in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluids (BALF). In contrast, BALF of animals administered either GL-67 alone or GL-67 complexed with SssI-methylated pDNA contained low levels of these cytokines. Similar results were observed using a plasmid (pCF1-null) that does not express a transgene, demonstrating that expression of chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) was not responsible for the observed inflammation. The response observed was dose dependent, with animals receiving increasingly higher amounts of unmethylated pDNA exhibiting progressively higher levels of the cytokines. Concomitant with this increase in cytokine levels were also elevated numbers of neutrophils in the BALF, suggesting a possible cause- and-effect relationship between neutrophil influx and generation of cytokines. Consistent with this proposal is the observation that reduction of neutrophils in the lung by administration of antibodies against Mac-1alpha and LFA-1 also diminished cytokine levels. This reduction in cytokine levels in the BALF was accompanied by an increase in transgene expression. In an attempt to abate the inflammatory response, sequences in the pDNA encoding the motif RRCGYY, shown to be most immunostimulatory, were selectively mutagenized. However, instillation of a plasmid in which 14 of the 17 CpG sites were altered into BALF/c mice did not reduce the levels of cytokines in the BALF compared with the unmodified vector. This suggests that other unmethylated motifs, in addition to RRCGYY, may also contribute to the inflammatory response. Together, these findings indicate that unmethylated CpG residues in pDNA are a major contributor to the induction of specific proinflammatory cytokines associated with instillation of cationic lipid:pDNA complexes into the lung. Strategies to abate this response are warranted to improve the efficacy of this nonviral gene delivery vector system for the treatment of chronic diseases.


Asunto(s)
ADN/administración & dosificación , Plásmidos , Neumonía/genética , Animales , Líquido del Lavado Bronquioalveolar , Cationes , Islas de CpG , ADN/metabolismo , Metilación de ADN , Interferón gamma/metabolismo , Interleucina-6/metabolismo , Pulmón/metabolismo , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos BALB C , Neutrófilos/citología , Neumonía/metabolismo , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa/metabolismo
15.
Clin Tech Small Anim Pract ; 13(3): 179-84, 1998 Aug.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9775508

RESUMEN

Seizures are a common reflection of a variety of intracranial physiologic abnormalities in dogs. In dogs with brain tumors, seizures often provide the clinical clue to the existence of an underlying structural brain disease. The majority of brain tumors that result in seizures affect the supratentorial nervous system, especially the olfactory and frontal lobes. Diagnosis requires advanced imaging such as computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to establish the presence of a structural abnormality. Therapy is directed both at tumor and seizure control to afford the best chance of successful management of dogs with brain tumors.


Asunto(s)
Neoplasias Encefálicas/veterinaria , Enfermedades de los Perros/etiología , Convulsiones/veterinaria , Animales , Neoplasias Encefálicas/complicaciones , Neoplasias Encefálicas/terapia , Enfermedades de los Gatos/etiología , Enfermedades de los Gatos/terapia , Gatos , Enfermedades de los Perros/diagnóstico , Enfermedades de los Perros/terapia , Perros , Glioma/complicaciones , Glioma/terapia , Glioma/veterinaria , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética/veterinaria , Meningioma/complicaciones , Meningioma/terapia , Meningioma/veterinaria , Pronóstico , Convulsiones/etiología , Convulsiones/terapia
17.
J Am Anim Hosp Assoc ; 34(1): 19-25, 1998.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9527425

RESUMEN

Nerve-sheath tumor was diagnosed in 10 dogs with clinical signs of unilateral trigeminal nerve dysfunction. Unilateral temporalis and masseter muscle atrophy were present in all cases. An enlarged foramen and distorted rostral petrous temporal bone were seen with computed tomography imaging in one case. Magnetic resonance imaging was used to identify the lesion accurately in seven cases. Surgery was performed for biopsy and lesion removal in three cases. Cases not treated had a progressive course eventually resulting in euthanasia or death. Of the cases treated surgically, one case is alive without disease progression 27 months after surgery. Survival times of the nontreated cases ranged from five to 21 months.


Asunto(s)
Neoplasias de los Nervios Craneales/veterinaria , Enfermedades de los Perros , Neoplasias de la Vaina del Nervio/veterinaria , Nervio Trigémino , Animales , Encéfalo/patología , Neoplasias de los Nervios Craneales/diagnóstico por imagen , Neoplasias de los Nervios Craneales/patología , Neoplasias de los Nervios Craneales/cirugía , Perros , Femenino , Masculino , Neoplasias de la Vaina del Nervio/diagnóstico por imagen , Neoplasias de la Vaina del Nervio/patología , Neoplasias de la Vaina del Nervio/cirugía , Ovariectomía , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X
19.
J Am Vet Med Assoc ; 211(5): 573-5, 1997 Sep 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9290822

RESUMEN

A 7-month-old female Mastiff was admitted for weakness in the hind limbs and an abnormal gait. There was an obvious scoliosis in the midlumbar region. Using electromyography, fibrillation potentials and positive sharp waves were found in the epaxial musculature of the vertebral column lateral to the spinous processes of Tl3-L4 on the right (convex) side of the body. On myelographic evaluation, contrast medium irregularly filled the subdural and epidural space of Tl1-L3. On surgical examination, the dog had a cystic lesion of the spinal cord that correlated with myelographic findings. This lesion was incised and drained. The scoliotic defect was surgically straightened, and the affected vertebrae were fused. Six months after surgery, the vertebral column continued to be straight and the paraparesis had resolved.


Asunto(s)
Quistes/veterinaria , Enfermedades de los Perros/diagnóstico , Escoliosis/veterinaria , Enfermedades de la Médula Espinal/veterinaria , Animales , Líquido Cefalorraquídeo/química , Líquido Cefalorraquídeo/citología , Quistes/complicaciones , Quistes/diagnóstico , Enfermedades de los Perros/diagnóstico por imagen , Perros , Electromiografía/veterinaria , Femenino , Músculo Esquelético/inervación , Músculo Esquelético/patología , Atrofia Muscular Espinal/etiología , Atrofia Muscular Espinal/patología , Atrofia Muscular Espinal/veterinaria , Mielografía/métodos , Mielografía/veterinaria , Escoliosis/complicaciones , Escoliosis/diagnóstico , Enfermedades de la Médula Espinal/complicaciones , Enfermedades de la Médula Espinal/diagnóstico , Columna Vertebral/diagnóstico por imagen , Columna Vertebral/cirugía
20.
J Vet Intern Med ; 11(4): 243-9, 1997.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9298480

RESUMEN

Clinical and morphologic features of a progressive polyneuropathy in young mature Alaskan Malamutes are described. Clinical signs included progressive paraparesis, synchronous pelvic limb gait, exercise intolerance, hyperesthesia, hyporeflexia, muscle atrophy, and tetraplegia. Electromyographic testing revealed diffuse fibrillation potentials and positive sharp waves in limb muscles, especially in muscles below the elbow and stifle. Pathologic findings in skeletal muscles and peripheral nerves included neurogenic muscle atrophy, focal or diffuse loss of myelinated nerve fibers, myelinoaxonal necrosis, and variable demyelination or remyelination. Ultrastructural changes included axonal degeneration, presence of numerous Büngner bands, and denervated Schwann cell subunits. The nature and distribution of abnormal electrophysiologic and pathologic findings were suggestive of a distal sensorimotor polyneuropathy, which we have termed idiopathic polyneuropathy of Alaskan Malamutes to distinguish this condition from hereditary polyneuropathy of Norwegian Alaskan Malamutes, last described in 1982.


Asunto(s)
Cruzamiento , Enfermedades de los Perros/genética , Enfermedades de los Perros/patología , Enfermedades del Sistema Nervioso/veterinaria , Animales , Axones/patología , Axones/fisiología , Axones/ultraestructura , Progresión de la Enfermedad , Enfermedades de los Perros/fisiopatología , Perros , Femenino , Marcha/fisiología , Masculino , Atrofia Muscular/epidemiología , Atrofia Muscular/fisiopatología , Atrofia Muscular/veterinaria , Degeneración Nerviosa/epidemiología , Degeneración Nerviosa/fisiopatología , Degeneración Nerviosa/veterinaria , Fibras Nerviosas Mielínicas/patología , Fibras Nerviosas Mielínicas/fisiología , Fibras Nerviosas Mielínicas/ultraestructura , Enfermedades del Sistema Nervioso/genética , Enfermedades del Sistema Nervioso/patología , Paresia/epidemiología , Paresia/fisiopatología , Paresia/veterinaria , Nervio Peroneo/patología , Nervio Peroneo/fisiopatología , Nervio Peroneo/ultraestructura , Prevalencia , Cuadriplejía/epidemiología , Cuadriplejía/fisiopatología , Cuadriplejía/veterinaria , Nervio Ciático/patología , Nervio Ciático/fisiopatología , Nervio Ciático/ultraestructura , Nervio Tibial/patología , Nervio Tibial/fisiopatología , Nervio Tibial/ultraestructura
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