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1.
Popul Dev Rev ; 50(2): 375-401, 2024 Jun.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39386165

RESUMEN

Demographers have long been interested in how fertility ideals vary in response to perceived existential threats. Although migration scholars document the increasingly threatening nature of U.S. immigration policies, little research explores how these policies shape the fertility ideals of those most affected by them. To that end, we exploit spatiotemporal variation in states' evolving immigrant policy contexts to understand the effects of different policies on the ideal family size of Hispanics-a group who is most likely to be stereotyped as undocumented and most likely to live in mixed-status households or communities. Specifically, we combine time-varying information on state-level immigrant policies with georeferenced data from the General Social Survey (GSS). Results suggest that the gap in ideal family size between Hispanic and white respondents is significantly larger in state-years with omnibus policies-which bundle multiple restrictive laws together and thus impose sweeping restrictions- compared to state-years without these policies. On the other hand, sanctuary policies, which aim to curb federal immigration enforcement, and E-verify mandates, which aim to curb the employment of undocumented immigrants, are not associated with significant differences. Our analyses provide new insights into the complex ways in which the evolving U.S. immigrant policy landscape has far-reaching impacts on reproductive and family life.

2.
Demography ; 61(5): 1535-1557, 2024 Oct 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39324822

RESUMEN

Drawing on more than 30 years of nationally representative microdata from the General Social Survey, this article comprehensively updates recent trends in ideal family size in the United States. It first documents stability in ideal family sizes between the mid-1980s and 2018, even in the face of a recent fertility decline. Next, the study adopts a latent class approach that identifies typologies of "reproductive orientations," defined as multidimensional mental models of reproduction encompassing ideal family size, attitudes toward reproductive labor, and views on reproduction contexts. The findings indicate three distinct classes of reproductive orientations: Progressive Familialists, Conservative Familialists, and Blended Egalitarians. Further analyses suggest that the prevalence of these classes has changed over time and that class membership is associated with distinct patterns of childbearing and marriage. These findings deepen contemporary understandings of ideal family size in the United States and have broader implications for how demographers conceptualize and measure fertility preferences across diverse contexts.


Asunto(s)
Composición Familiar , Humanos , Estados Unidos , Femenino , Adulto , Masculino , Factores Socioeconómicos , Conducta Reproductiva/estadística & datos numéricos , Conducta Reproductiva/psicología , Persona de Mediana Edad , Matrimonio/estadística & datos numéricos , Adulto Joven
3.
Int Migr Rev ; 56(3): 911-940, 2022 Sep.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37461403

RESUMEN

A considerable literature explores whether the fertility of migrants from high-fertility contexts converges with that of women in lower fertility destinations. Nonetheless, much of this research compares migrants' reproductive outcomes to those of native-born women in destination countries. Drawing on research emphasizing the importance of transnational perspectives, we standardize and integrate data collected in France (the destination) and in six high-fertility African countries (the senders). We show that African migrants in our sample had higher children ever born (CEB) than native French women but lower CEB than women in corresponding origin countries. These findings suggest that socialization into pronatalist norms is an incomplete explanation for migrant fertility in the first generation, an insight that is overlooked when analyzing destination settings only. Next, we conduct multivariate analyses that weight migrants' background characteristics to resemble women in both origin and destination countries. Findings indicate that observed differences between African migrants in France and women in African origin countries help explain differences in CEB between the two groups, which supports selection. We also demonstrate that African migrants in France had delayed transitions into first, second, and third births and lower completed fertility compared to women in origin countries, thus disputing the disruption hypothesis. Finally, we show that observed differences between African migrants in France and native French women explain differences in CEB between the two groups, which supports adaptation. These multifaceted findings on selection, disruption, and adaptation would be obscured by analyzing destination settings only, thus validating a multisited approach to migrant fertility.

4.
Demography ; 59(1): 27-36, 2022 02 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34787300

RESUMEN

This research note presents a multisited analysis of migration and contraceptive use by standardizing and integrating a sample of African migrants in France from six West and Central African countries in the Trajectoires et Origines survey with a sample of women living in the same six African countries in the Demographic and Health Surveys. Descriptive analyses indicate that the contraceptive use of migrants more closely aligns with that of native French women than with that of women from origin countries. In particular, migrants report dramatically higher use of long-acting reversible contraceptives and short-acting hormonal methods and lower use of traditional methods than do women in the countries of origin. Although migrants differ from women in the countries of origin on observed characteristics, including education and family background, reweighting women in the origin countries to resemble migrants on these characteristics does little to explain differences in contraceptive use between the groups. Given that contraceptive use is an important proximate determinant of fertility, our results suggest that contraceptive use should feature more prominently in the dominant demographic paradigms of migrant fertility.


Asunto(s)
Conducta Anticonceptiva , Anticoncepción/métodos , Anticonceptivos , Migrantes , África/etnología , Anticonceptivos/administración & dosificación , Escolaridad , Emigración e Inmigración , Servicios de Planificación Familiar , Femenino , Fertilidad , Francia/epidemiología , Humanos
5.
Stud Fam Plann ; 52(4): 539-555, 2021 12.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34708405

RESUMEN

This paper integrates contraception into the extant migrant-fertility framework using the case of internal migration within Turkey. Drawing from the 2013 Turkish Demographic and Health Survey data, we show that migration is positively associated with age of first modern contraceptive use. As women's migration is quickly followed by family formation, women also take up modern contraception after first childbirth, likely due to new encounters with medical professionals, differing contraceptive access and other social exposures. We also find that women whose childhoods were spent in urban areas have a higher risk of first modern contraception relative to women from rural areas, thus suggesting the enduring importance of socialization. These results show how selection processes, life-cycle factors, and sociocultural norms jointly shape modern contraceptive behavior in Turkey. Our results also demonstrate a need for increased reproductive care in rural areas and suggest continued fertility decline with urban migration.


Asunto(s)
Conducta Anticonceptiva , Anticonceptivos , Niño , Anticoncepción/métodos , Servicios de Planificación Familiar , Femenino , Fertilidad , Humanos , Turquía
6.
Demogr Res ; 24(2): 45-78, 2011 Jan 18.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21603127

RESUMEN

In this paper, we present a framework for considering whether the marginal social benefits of demographic and social science research on various health conditions in developing countries are likely to be relatively high. Based on this framework, we argue that the relative current and future predicted prevalence of burdens of different health/disease conditions, as measured by disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), provide a fairly accurate reflection of some important factors related to the relative marginal social benefits of demographic and social science research on different health conditions. World Health Organization (WHO) DALYs projections for 2005-30 are compared with (a) demographic and other social science studies on health in developing countries during 1990-2005, and (b) presentations made at the Population Association of America annual meetings during the same time period. These comparisons suggest that recent demographic and social science research on health in developing countries has focused too much on HIV/AIDS, and too little on non-communicable diseases.

7.
Health Econ ; 18 Suppl 1: S109-28, 2009 Apr.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19294633

RESUMEN

Given the public goods nature of research, economic research on health in developing countries is likely to have the highest returns by focusing, inter alia, on diseases and health conditions that are relatively widespread and costly and that are relatively rapidly growing. This article first summarizes the time patterns in economic research on diseases and health in developing countries for 1990-2005. It then compares those time patterns with the distribution of disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for diseases and health conditions in developing countries estimated for 2005 and for 2030. These comparisons suggest relatively overemphasis on HIV/AIDS and underemphasis on noncommunicable diseases (NCDs). This opens the possibility for individuals or organizations initiating, re-evaluating, or increasing their economic research on health and development to make a significant contribution by focusing particularly on the analysis of behaviour and policy choices related to NCDs. Careful consideration must, of course, be given to other demands, but on the basis of these two criteria, potential contributions are likely to be greatest from research with such a focus.


Asunto(s)
Países en Desarrollo/estadística & datos numéricos , Salud Global , Disparidades en el Estado de Salud , Investigación/organización & administración , Asignación de Recursos/organización & administración , Enfermedades Transmisibles/epidemiología , Servicios de Salud Comunitaria/organización & administración , Análisis Costo-Beneficio , Personas con Discapacidad/estadística & datos numéricos , Emigración e Inmigración/estadística & datos numéricos , Infecciones por VIH/epidemiología , Infecciones por VIH/prevención & control , Estado de Salud , Humanos , Desnutrición/epidemiología , Desnutrición/prevención & control , Política Pública , Investigación/economía , Asignación de Recursos/economía , Saneamiento/estadística & datos numéricos , Abastecimiento de Agua/estadística & datos numéricos , Heridas y Lesiones/epidemiología , Heridas y Lesiones/prevención & control
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