Aesthetic Perceptions Regarding a Thyroidectomy Scar and Transvestibular Approach in Brazil.

OBJECTIVE: We investigated motivation levels across the general Brazilian population and subgroups and their willingness to spend for surgery without a cervical scar. METHODS: This random-sample survey was performed by a specialized third-party research institute. In this study, we created a hypothetical thyroidectomy scenario, and the transcervical and transoral endoscopic thyroidectomy vestibular approach (TOETVA) were used. The survey included sociocultural data and questions regarding participants' surgical preferences. RESULTS: Data were obtained from 1250 participants; 42.4% were of the opinion that a cervical scar affects social or professional life. Young and childless women were most likely to be affected (p <0.001). All respondents accepted the transoral approach to avoid cervical scarring. However, 30.7% and 31.9% of respondents maintained their preference for TOETVA despite understanding the risks of a hypothetical increase in complications and unfavorable oncological outcomes and 98.6% were of the opinion that this approach was likely associated with greater postoperative pain. Only 16.2% were unwilling to spend for TOETVA. The variable that most affected patients' willingness to spend was a salary greater than 10 Brazilian minimum wages (odds ratio 9.797, 95% confidence interval, p <0.005). Upper class respondents were 10 times more likely to spend for TOETVA than lower class patients. CONCLUSION: This study highlights patients' interest in TOETVA. Cervical scar perception is affected by concerned about appearance, particularly in certain societal subgroups. Our study population showed significant motivation to undergo TOETVA, which was emphasized by their acceptance of the complication rate, poor postoperative outcomes, greater postoperative pain, and willingness to spend on surgery with an invisible scar. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 4 Laryngoscope, 2024.

Acute and long-term kidney function after parathyroidectomy for primary hyperparathyroidism.

BACKGROUND: In kidney transplant patients, parathyroidectomy is associated with an acute decrease in renal function. Acute and chronic effects of parathyroidectomy on renal function have not been extensively studied in primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT). METHODS: This retrospective cohort study included 494 patients undergoing parathyroidectomy for PHPT. Acute renal changes were evaluated daily until day 4 post-parathyroidectomy and were stratified according to acute kidney injury (AKI) criteria. Biochemical assessment included serum creatinine, total and ionized calcium, parathyroid hormone (PTH), and 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD). The estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated using the CKD-EPI equation. We compared preoperative and postoperative renal function up to 5 years of follow-up. RESULTS: A total of 391 (79.1%) patients were female, and 422 (85.4%) were non-African American. The median age was 58 years old. The median (first and third quartiles) preoperative serum creatinine, PTH and total calcium levels were 0.81 mg/dL (0.68-1.01), 154.5 pg/mL (106-238.5), and 10.9 mg/dL (10.3-11.5), respectively. The median (first and third quartiles) preoperative eGFR was 86 mL/min/1.73 m2 (65-101.3). After surgery, the median acute decrease in the eGFR was 21 mL/min/1.73 m2 (p<0.0001). Acutely, 41.1% of patients developed stage 1 AKI, 5.9% developed stage 2 AKI, and 1.8% developed stage 3 AKI. The acute eGFR decrease (%) was correlated with age and PTH, calcium and preoperative creatinine levels in univariate analysis. Multivariate analysis showed that the acute change was related to age and preoperative values of ionized calcium, phosphorus and creatinine. The change at 12 months was related to sex, preoperative creatinine and 25OHD. Permanent reduction in the eGFR occurred in 60.7% of patients after an acute episode. CONCLUSION: There was significant acute impairment in renal function after parathyroidectomy for PHPT, and almost half of the patients met the criteria for AKI. Significant eGFR recovery was observed during the first month after surgery, but a small permanent reduction may occur. Patients treated for PHPT seemed to present with prominent renal dysfunction compared to patients who underwent thyroidectomy.

Retalho miocutâneo de peitoral maior para reconstrução em cabeça e pescoço: análise crítica dos fatores associados a complicações / The use of the pectoralis major flap in head and neck reconstructions: analysis of its complications

Introdução: O retalho miocutâneo de peitoral maior (RMPM) éamplamente utilizado para reconstruções em cabeça e pescoçodesde sua descrição em 1979. É um retalho seguro, versátile com taxas de complicações e perda baixas, no entantocomplicações graves ocorrem e o estudo dos fatores que levamas complicações é de grande valia para tentar diminuir o riscodas mesmas. Método: Análise retrospectiva dos casos dereconstruções com RMPM após ressecções de câncer em cabeçae pescoço em uma instituição de janeiro 2010 a dezembro 2012,totalizando 100 casos. Objetivo: Descrever a casuística e ascomplicações, assim como os fatores associados a reoperaçõese insucesso da reconstrução. Resultados: Foram realizados100 RMPM no período, com idade média dos pacientes de 60,7anos e 90% de estadios avançados. Houve 61% de complicaçõesde qualquer natureza com 25% de reoperações e 3% de perdatotal. O sucesso final da reconstrução foi obtido em 87% doscasos. O fator associado a reoperações foi a albumina <3,4 g/dL(p<0,05). Já radioterapia prévia e as reconstruções da hipofaringeforam associados a maior insucesso na reconstrução (p<0,05).Conclusão: Medidas nutricionais podem ter importância paraaumentar o sucesso final das reconstruções. Além disso,atenção especial deve ser dada aos casos de reconstruções dehipofaringe e radioterapia prévia que tem maior risco de insucessoda reconstrução.

Economia de tempo justifica paratireoidectomia total sem autoimplante em hiperparatireoidismo secundário? / Is time saving a valid argument for total parathyroidectomy without autotransplantation in secondary hyperparatyroidism?

Introdução: A defesa do autoimplante na paratireoidectomiatotal baseia-se na redução do risco de hipoparatireoidismodefinitivo. Alguns autores acreditam que o autoimplanteacrescenta a desvantagem de um maior tempo cirúrgico.Objetivo: Avaliar se a economia de tempo é um argumentoválido para a paratireoidectomia total exclusiva. Método: Análiseretrospectiva do tempo empregado nas paratireoidectomiastotais com autoimplante em loja única por hiperparatireoidismorenal de janeiro de 2010 a abril de 2011 (Grupo 3). Verificousese a ocorrência simultânea de tireoidectomia foi fatoralongador do tempo cirúrgico Os dados do Grupo 3 foramcomparados a controles históricos de 1994 a 1998 do tempoda paratireoidectomia total com autoimplante em múltiplas lojas(Grupo 1) e da paratireoidectomia total exclusiva (Grupo 2).Resultados: No Grupo 3 houve 68 paratireoidectomias totais comautoimplante, com média de idade de 48,4 anos (19 a 76), sendo36 do sexo feminino e 32 masculino. Os dados de tempo estavamdisponíveis em 58 casos (Grupo 3) e variou de 50 a 441 minutos(mediana de 160). No Grupo 1 (27 casos), o tempo da operaçãovariou de 180 a 345 minutos (mediana de 210); no Grupo 2 (12casos), de 50 a 240 minutos (mediana de 200). Houve diferençasignificativa apenas entre o Grupo 1 e o Grupo 3 (p<0,0001).Quando comparou-se tireoidectomia total (n=10, mediana 250minutos) sem tireoidectomia total (n=48, mediana 150,5 minutos)houve diferença significativa (p=0,0006). Conclusão: A economiade tempo não justifica a opção de paratireoidectomia totalexclusiva em hiperplasia de paratireóide.