[Anterior stabilization of the CI-CIII vertebrae after transoral removal of an aggressive aneurysmal bone cyst of the CII vertebra (a case report and literature review)]. / Peredniaia stabilizatsiia SI-SIII pozvonkov posle transoral'nogo udaleniia agressivnoi anevrizmaticheskoi kisty SII pozvonka (klinicheskoe nabliudenie i obzor literatury).

Treatment of patients with atlantoaxial instability caused by various diseases of the skull base and craniovertebral junction combined with ventral compression of the brainstem is a complex issue that is ambiguously resolved in different ways. We present a case of stepped treatment, the most important component of which was successful transoral removal of an aggressive aneurysmal bone cyst of the CII vertebra with anterior CI-CIII segment stabilization using an individual system, which was performed through the same approach. CLINICAL CASE: A 31-year-old male patient presented with destruction of the CII body and odontoid process affected by an aggressive aneurysmal bone cyst causing disintegration of the CII posterior wall and odontoid process, which clinically manifested by constricted motion and pain in the cervical spine. RESULTS: Three-step surgical treatment was performed. First, we performed a puncture biopsy of the CII body through the submandibular approach as well as posterior occipitospondylodesis with metal instrumentation from the occipital bone level to the CIV vertebra. Two months later, the patient underwent transoral removal of the CII body and odontoid process lesion and anterior CI-CIII segment stabilization using an individual cover metal system through the same approach. Two weeks after the second intervention, the occipitospondylodesis was transformed to a posterior CI-CIII stabilization system. Control CT 8 months after surgery showed the correct position of both stabilization systems. CONCLUSION: The use of individual instrumentation for anterior stabilization of the CI-CIII vertebrae in various diseases of the craniovertebral junction area is an effective and promising technique.

[Combined treatment of long tubular bone fractures and false joints using the bioplastic material collapan (Russia)].

This experimental morphological study on 32 dogs was designed to evaluate the efficiency of hydroxyapatite containing preparation collapan used to promote healing of segmented femur defects. Implantation of collapan was shown to greatly contribute to the formation, maturation and remodelling of bone callus. Combined treatment of 165 patients with comminuted fractures and 148 ones with false joints of long tubular bones using collapan implants proved to efficaciously promote bone consolidation in 99.4% of the total 313 subjects. Collapan activated reparative osteogenesis, reduced the duration of hospitalization, the frequency of inflammatory complications, and the requirement of secondary inpatient care.

[The biomechanical prerequisites and experimental validation of an arthroplastic method after the "rolling joint" principle]. / Biomekhanicheskie preposylki i éksperimental'noe obosnovanie metoda artroplastiki po printsipu "sustav kacheniia".

The authors have proposed the idea of joint motion realization by means of rolling of one joint surface over the other one. It allows to pass over an unsolved yet problem of cartilage restoration and normal gliding in the affected joint. It has been developed a model at the knee joint of a dog, which provides for resection of the joint surfaces according to semicylinder and plane shape and introduction of lavsane bands to hold and direct movement of the articular ends. 34 dogs have been subjected to experimental operations. There was achieved good and satisfactory joint and limb function with 25 of them. Biomechanical investigation allowed to prove joint mobility and limb supporting ability.

[Synthesis of nucleic acids and dynamics of morphological indices of the granulation tissue of skin wounds in rats treated with 4-methyluracil]. / Sintez nukleinovykh kislot i dinamika morfologicheskikh pokazatelei granuliatsionnoi tkani kozhnykh ran u krys, lechennykh 4-metiluratsilom.

Effect of 4-methyl uracil on dynamics of morphological patterns and the rate of nucleic acids synthesis was studied in granulation tissue developed during healing of full-layer skin wounds. Application of ointment containing 4-methyl uracil onto the wounds exhibited an antiinflammatory efficiency and decreased accumulation of leukocytes in the wound. The drug shortened the mitotic cycle in dividing fibroblasts, as a result of which periods of DNA synthesis became more frequent exhibiting two days duration. The rate of RNA synthesis was increased 1.5-2-fold. Content of acid glycosaminoglycans and collagen was increased in intercellular space surrounding fibroblasts.

[Quantitative characteristics of changes in the cellular composition and vascularization of aseptic wounds in rat skin, healing without treatment and during stimulation of repair processes by exogenous collagen]. / Kolichestvennaia kharakteristika izmeneniia kletochnogo sostava i vaskuliarizatsii asepticheskikh ran kozhi krys, zazhivaiushchikh bez lecheniia i pri stimuliatsii reparativnykh protsessov éksogennym kollagenom.

The changes in cellular composition and vascularization of aseptic wounds on the rat skin were assessed quantitatively using the ocular net without treatment and during stimulation of repair processes by exogenous collagen. An intensive increase in the number of macrophages, endotheliocytes and fibroblasts was observed in wounds without treatment by the fifth day, with maximum vascularization of the granulation tissue occurring by the seventh day. During stimulation of repair processes by collagen the macrophage reaction, proliferation of endotheliocytes and fibroblasts and vascularization of wounds were activated earlier, while the stereotype relationships of the cellular components remained unchanged. The intercellular relationships of the wound healing process are discussed.

[Treatment of suppurative wounds of soft tissues with colocyl and its combination with proteolytic enzymes]. / Lechenie gnoinykh ran miagkikh tkanei kolotsilom i ego sochetaniem s proteoliticheskimi fermentami.

The effect of a collagenous preparation Colocyl and its combination with proteolytic enzymes on the healing of soft tissue purulent wounds were studied in 239 patients. Colocyl and its combination with proteolytic enzymes were shown to facilitate the rejection of devitalized tissues, control of the inflammation and activation of reparative processes.

[Dynamics of nucleic acid synthesis in the granulation tissue of skin wounds in the rat]. / Dinamika sinteza nukleinovykh kislot v granuliatsionnoi tkani kozhnykh ran krys.

Dynamics of nucleic acid synthesis was studied in granulation tissue, harvested within 2-11 days after an injury of rats with full-layer skin wounds, simultaneously with evaluation of the morphometric patterns of the tissue. Synthesis of nuclear DNA exhibited a wave-shaped dynamics. The intervals between the maximal values of the DNA synthesis constituted 3 days. Within the early steps of wound healing the intensive incorporation of 3H-thymidine into mitochondrial DNA was found, which appears to occur due to active mitochondriogenesis. In dynamics of total and nuclear RNA contents two peaks were observed, which did not coincide in time, thus suggesting the wave-shaped increase in biosynthetic processes in cells.

[Features of the healing of suppurative wounds in patients undergoing treatment with collagen preparations (histochemical and electron-microscopic study)]. / Osobennosti zazhivleniia gnoinykh ran u bol'nykh pri lechenii kollagenovymi preparatami (gistokhimicheskoe i élektronno-mikroskopicheskoe issledovanie).

The dynamics of purulent wound healing developing in patients surgically treated for phlegmons or abscesses was studied histochemically and electron microscopically on the material of successive biopsies. It was shown that purulent wound healing is characterized by the desynchronization of inflammation and regeneration associated with the reduced macrophagal response and disturbances of the microcirculation system. Collagen sponge reduces inflammatory changes, activates the macrophage reaction, restores intercellular interactions, normalizes the microcirculation system, enhances proliferation and differentiation of fibroblasts, collagen synthesis and secretion, processes of fibrillogenesis, maturation of granulation tissue, epithelialization.

[Effect of low-frequency ultrasound on the course of the wound process]. / Vliianie nizkochastotnogo ul'trazvuka na techenie ranevogo protsessa.

By the methods of clinical and morphological investigations as well as by measurements of the wound medium pH it was established that the application of low-frequency ultrasound for the treatment of purulent wounds accelerated necrolysis, decreased bacterial contamination of the wound, normalised the microcirculation system, activated the macrophagal reaction, increased the proliferative and synthetic activity of fibroblasts, collagen fibrillogenesis and contributed to a sharp shortening of the hydratation phase which resulted in the earlier closing of the wound.

[Low-frequency ultrasonics in the treatment of trophic ulcers]. / Ispol'zovanie nizkochastotnogo ul'trazvuka v lechenii troficheskikh iazv.

The treatment of trophic ulcers by the low-frequency ultrasound results in destruction of the collagen fibres of the fibro-cicatricial tissue, reduces the bacterial dissemination, stimulates the growth of a new granulation tissue which allows to fulfill autodermoplasty .

[Granulation tissue: inflammation and regeneration]. / Granuliatsionnaia tkan': vospalenie i regeneratsiia.

Healing of the external defects by the primary tension, under the scab, or by the secondary tension through the suppuration as well as the formation of granulation tissue (GT) in other organs, represent an adequate homeostatic response to the injury with stereotype kinetics of the inflammation and regeneration. The altered general and local responsiveness trophic disorders, burn and radiation trauma result in collapse of the autoregulatory mechanisms, pronounced disturbance of phagocytosis, microcirculation, mediator and contact cell interaction. This provokes the inhibition of fibroblast proliferation, depression and perversion of fibrillogenesis and the granulation tissue maturation, the formation of abnormal granulation tissue with repeated wakes of sclerosis, necrosis and inflammation, formation of persisting wounds, ulcers, hypergranulations or chronic inflammatory processes. Homeostatic protective response transforms into the pathologic response due to dissociation between the inflammation and regeneration and formation of "vicious circle".