RESUMEN
Abstract Tuberculosis is certainly one of the diseases considered to be ancient on planet Earth. The etiological agent of tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis. This terrible bacterial infection still results in severe socioeconomic consequences to date, and its complete eradication represents a great challenge. It constitutes one of the most important public health problems in developing countries. According to the World Health Organization, this infection results in more than 4,000 deaths daily worldwide, with 10.4 million being affected annually and 1.5 million deaths from TB every year. With the emergence of the HIV/AIDS pandemic, the disease became the main cause of morbidity and mortality in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. Cutaneous tuberculosis is a rare infection that represents 1% to 1.5% of extrapulmonary tuberculosis, whose etiological agents are Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycobacterium bovis, and the attenuated form of the bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG vaccine). Cutaneous tuberculosis can be exogenous; endogenous: caused by contiguity or autoinoculation and by hematogenous spread; induced by the Calmette-Guérin bacillus and manifest as a tuberculid. The diagnosis of the infection is carried out through the direct test, culture, histopathology, tuberculin skin test, polymerase chain reaction, interferon-gamma release assay, and genotyping. Drugs used comprise isoniazid, rifampicin, pyrazinamide and ethambutol.x
RESUMEN
Abstract Jorge Lobo's disease (JLD) is a chronic, granulomatous fungal infection caused by the traumatic implantation of the fungus Lacazia loboi in the cutaneous and subcutaneous tissues, with the presence of isolated nodular and coalescent keloidal lesions. Malignant degeneration is rare. This case report describes a 64-year-old male patient with JLD for 30-years who showed a change in the aspect of a lesion in the left lower limb. Histopathological examination confirmed the progression to well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma (SSC). JLD is highly prevalent in tropical and subtropical regions, requiring monitoring concerning the transformation into SSC in long-term lesions.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas , Lacazia , Lobomicosis , Piel , Persona de Mediana EdadRESUMEN
Tuberculosis is certainly one of the diseases considered to be ancient on planet Earth. The etiological agent of tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis. This terrible bacterial infection still results in severe socioeconomic consequences to date, and its complete eradication represents a great challenge. It constitutes one of the most important public health problems in developing countries. According to the World Health Organization, this infection results in more than 4,000 deaths daily worldwide, with 10.4 million being affected annually and 1.5 million deaths from TB every year. With the emergence of the HIV/AIDS pandemic, the disease became the main cause of morbidity and mortality in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. Cutaneous tuberculosis is a rare infection that represents 1% to 1.5% of extrapulmonary tuberculosis, whose etiological agents are Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycobacterium bovis, and the attenuated form of the bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG vaccine). Cutaneous tuberculosis can be exogenous; endogenous: caused by contiguity or autoinoculation and by hematogenous spread; induced by the Calmette-Guérin bacillus and manifest as a tuberculid. The diagnosis of the infection is carried out through the direct test, culture, histopathology, tuberculin skin test, polymerase chain reaction, interferon-gamma release assay, and genotyping. Drugs used comprise isoniazid, rifampicin, pyrazinamide and ethambutol.
Asunto(s)
Mycobacterium tuberculosis , Tuberculosis Cutánea , Vacuna BCG , Humanos , Isoniazida , Prueba de Tuberculina , Tuberculosis Cutánea/diagnóstico , Tuberculosis Cutánea/tratamiento farmacológico , Tuberculosis Cutánea/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
Jorge Lobo's disease (JLD) is a chronic, granulomatous fungal infection caused by the traumatic implantation of the fungus Lacazia loboi in the cutaneous and subcutaneous tissues, with the presence of isolated nodular and coalescent keloidal lesions. Malignant degeneration is rare. This case report describes a 64-year-old male patient with JLD for 30-years who showed a change in the aspect of a lesion in the left lower limb. Histopathological examination confirmed the progression to well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma (SSC). JLD is highly prevalent in tropical and subtropical regions, requiring monitoring concerning the transformation into SSC in long-term lesions.
Asunto(s)
Carcinoma de Células Escamosas , Lacazia , Lobomicosis , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , PielAsunto(s)
Livedo Reticularis/patología , Sarcoidosis/patología , Enfermedades de la Piel/patología , Eritema/patología , Femenino , Granuloma/patología , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Sarcoidosis Pulmonar/diagnóstico por imagen , Sarcoidosis Pulmonar/patología , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X , Vasculitis/patologíaAsunto(s)
Humanos , Femenino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Sarcoidosis/patología , Enfermedades de la Piel/patología , Livedo Reticularis/patología , Vasculitis/patología , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X , Sarcoidosis Pulmonar/patología , Sarcoidosis Pulmonar/diagnóstico por imagen , Eritema/patología , Granuloma/patologíaRESUMEN
Abstract: Cutaneous metastases from internal malignant neoplasms are a rare event and a late clinical finding that is associated with disseminated disease and a poor prognosis. Skin metastases from colon tumors occur in only 4% of cases of metastatic colorectal cancer. They are most often located on the abdominal skin. We report a case of 54-year-old male patient with a cutaneous metastatic focus on the lower abdomen as the initial presenting symptom of an underlying colon cancer.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Neoplasias Cutáneas/secundario , Adenocarcinoma/secundario , Neoplasias del Colon/patología , Biopsia , Inmunohistoquímica , Resultado Fatal , Pared AbdominalRESUMEN
Cutaneous metastases from internal malignant neoplasms are a rare event and a late clinical finding that is associated with disseminated disease and a poor prognosis. Skin metastases from colon tumors occur in only 4% of cases of metastatic colorectal cancer. They are most often located on the abdominal skin. We report a case of 54-year-old male patient with a cutaneous metastatic focus on the lower abdomen as the initial presenting symptom of an underlying colon cancer.
Asunto(s)
Adenocarcinoma/secundario , Neoplasias del Colon/patología , Neoplasias Cutáneas/secundario , Pared Abdominal , Biopsia , Resultado Fatal , Humanos , Inmunohistoquímica , Masculino , Persona de Mediana EdadRESUMEN
Chromoblastomycosis is a chronic, granulomatous, suppurative mycosis of the skin and subcutaneous tissue caused by traumatic inoculation of dematiaceous fungi of the family Herpotrichiellaceae. The species Fonsecaea pedrosoi and Cladophialophora carrionii are prevalent in regions where the disease is endemic. Chromoblastomycosis lesions are polymorphous: verrucous, nodular, tumoral, plaque-like, and atrophic. It is an occupational disease that predominates in tropical and subtropical regions, but there have been several reports of cases in temperate regions. The disease mainly affects current or former farm workers, mostly males, and often leaving disabling sequelae. This mycosis is still a therapeutic challenge due to frequent recurrence of lesions. Patients with extensive lesions require a combination of pharmacological and physical therapies. The article provides an update of epidemiological, clinical, diagnostic, and therapeutic features.
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Cromoblastomicosis , Cromoblastomicosis/diagnóstico , Cromoblastomicosis/microbiología , Cromoblastomicosis/patología , Cromoblastomicosis/terapia , Diagnóstico Diferencial , HumanosRESUMEN
Abstract: Chromoblastomycosis is a chronic, granulomatous, suppurative mycosis of the skin and subcutaneous tissue caused by traumatic inoculation of dematiaceous fungi of the family Herpotrichiellaceae. The species Fonsecaea pedrosoi and Cladophialophora carrionii are prevalent in regions where the disease is endemic. Chromoblastomycosis lesions are polymorphous: verrucous, nodular, tumoral, plaque-like, and atrophic. It is an occupational disease that predominates in tropical and subtropical regions, but there have been several reports of cases in temperate regions. The disease mainly affects current or former farm workers, mostly males, and often leaving disabling sequelae. This mycosis is still a therapeutic challenge due to frequent recurrence of lesions. Patients with extensive lesions require a combination of pharmacological and physical therapies. The article provides an update of epidemiological, clinical, diagnostic, and therapeutic features.
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Humanos , Cromoblastomicosis/diagnóstico , Cromoblastomicosis/microbiología , Cromoblastomicosis/patología , Cromoblastomicosis/terapia , Diagnóstico DiferencialRESUMEN
Hydroa vacciniforme (HV)-like lymphoma is a rare, usually fatal Epstein-Barr virus-driven lymphoproliferative disease affecting children from Asia, Mexico, and South America. Cutaneous manifestations imitate HV, a benign photodermatosis in which systemic symptoms are not observed, and spontaneous regression occurs later in adolescence or young adulthood. We report a case of HV-like lymphoma in a 12-year-old girl, descendent from an ancient Amazon indigenous tribe that, as far as we know, represents the second Brazilian case ever reported in the medical literature.
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Hidroa Vacciniforme/patología , Linfoma de Células T/patología , Brasil , Niño , Infecciones por Virus de Epstein-Barr/complicaciones , Infecciones por Virus de Epstein-Barr/patología , Femenino , Humanos , Hidroa Vacciniforme/virología , Linfoma de Células T/virologíaRESUMEN
Cutaneous lymphomas are classified according to their cellular origin into T-cell lymphoma and B-cell lymphoma. The annual incidence rate is 0.3 per 100,000 population. We report a case of a 56-year-old male patient who presented with a two-month history of nodules of varying sizes, some ulcerated, on the face, abdomen, and upper limbs. Histopathological examination and immunohistochemical study confirmed the diagnosis of primary cutaneous centrofollicular lymphoma. Studies have shown an increased incidence of non-Hodgkin lymphomas in the last decade. We report an infrequent case that should be kept as a differential diagnosis of patients with nodules and cutaneous papules.
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Linfoma Folicular/patología , Neoplasias Cutáneas/patología , Biopsia , Humanos , Inmunohistoquímica , Linfoma Folicular/tratamiento farmacológico , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Neoplasias Cutáneas/tratamiento farmacológicoRESUMEN
Abstract: Cutaneous lymphomas are classified according to their cellular origin into T-cell lymphoma and B-cell lymphoma. The annual incidence rate is 0.3 per 100,000 population. We report a case of a 56-year-old male patient who presented with a two-month history of nodules of varying sizes, some ulcerated, on the face, abdomen, and upper limbs. Histopathological examination and immunohistochemical study confirmed the diagnosis of primary cutaneous centrofollicular lymphoma. Studies have shown an increased incidence of non-Hodgkin lymphomas in the last decade. We report an infrequent case that should be kept as a differential diagnosis of patients with nodules and cutaneous papules.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Neoplasias Cutáneas/patología , Linfoma Folicular/patología , Neoplasias Cutáneas/tratamiento farmacológico , Biopsia , Inmunohistoquímica , Linfoma Folicular/tratamiento farmacológicoRESUMEN
Pencil core granulomas are still infrequently reported in the literature. A 67-year-old woman presented with a 4mm hard blue subcutaneous nodule on the forehead. She remembered being injured with a pencil tip about 60 years before. The subcutaneous nodule was excised, which microscopically revealed a foreign body reaction with histiocytes containing fragmented coarse black particles. We diagnosed pencil-core granuloma based on the patient's history of pencil tip injury and histological examination findings.