RESUMEN
Abstract Trypanosoma (Megatrypanum) theileri is a flagellated protozoan that infects ruminants and it displays high genetic diversity. In this study, we investigated the prevalence rates of this protozoan based on hemoculture and molecular diagnosis. The isolates of T. theileri thus obtained were characterized by molecular markers SSU rDNA and gGAPDH and molecular diagnosis based on Cathepsin L-like gene (PCR-TthCATL). The PCR-TthCATL and hemoculture indicated an overall prevalence rate of 8.13%, and the CATL derived sequence named IB was identified for the first time in cattle in the western Amazon region, as well as IF in Brazil. We also describe a possible new PCR-TthCATL derived sequence in cattle, designated IL.
Resumo Trypanosoma (Megatrypanum) theileri é um protozoário flagelado que infecta ruminantes e apresenta alta diversidade genética. Neste estudo, investigamos as taxas de prevalência deste protozoário com base na hemocultura e no diagnóstico molecular. Os isolados de T . theileri obtidos foram caracterizados pelos marcadores moleculares SSU rDNA e gGAPDH e o diagnóstico molecular foi baseado no gene do tipo Catepsina L (PCR-TthCATL). O PCR-TthCATL e a hemocultura indicaram uma taxa de prevalência total de 8,13% e a sequência derivada do gene Catepsina L denominada IB de T. theileri foi identificada pela primeira vez em bovinos da Amazônia Ocidental, bem como a IF no Brasil. Também descrevemos uma possível nova sequência derivada da PCR-TthCATL em bovinos, designada IL.
Asunto(s)
Animales , Femenino , Bovinos , Trypanosoma/clasificación , Tripanosomiasis Bovina/parasitología , Variación Genética/genética , Enfermedades de los Bovinos/parasitología , Filogenia , Trypanosoma/genética , Trypanosoma/inmunología , Tripanosomiasis Bovina/diagnóstico , Tripanosomiasis Bovina/epidemiología , Brasil/epidemiología , Enfermedades de los Bovinos/diagnóstico , Enfermedades de los Bovinos/epidemiología , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa , ADN Protozoario/genética , Catepsina L/genética , GenotipoRESUMEN
Trypanosoma (Megatrypanum) theileri is a flagellated protozoan that infects ruminants and it displays high genetic diversity. In this study, we investigated the prevalence rates of this protozoan based on hemoculture and molecular diagnosis. The isolates of T. theileri thus obtained were characterized by molecular markers SSU rDNA and gGAPDH and molecular diagnosis based on Cathepsin L-like gene (PCR-TthCATL). The PCR-TthCATL and hemoculture indicated an overall prevalence rate of 8.13%, and the CATL derived sequence named IB was identified for the first time in cattle in the western Amazon region, as well as IF in Brazil. We also describe a possible new PCR-TthCATL derived sequence in cattle, designated IL.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de los Bovinos/parasitología , Variación Genética/genética , Trypanosoma/clasificación , Tripanosomiasis Bovina/parasitología , Animales , Brasil/epidemiología , Catepsina L/genética , Bovinos , Enfermedades de los Bovinos/diagnóstico , Enfermedades de los Bovinos/epidemiología , ADN Protozoario/genética , Femenino , Genotipo , Filogenia , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa , Trypanosoma/genética , Trypanosoma/inmunología , Tripanosomiasis Bovina/diagnóstico , Tripanosomiasis Bovina/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
Neosporosis is considered a major cause of abortion among cattle worldwide. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of anti-Neospora caninum antibodies in dairy cattle and correlate them with possible risk factors on 63 small farms (family farms) in the municipality of Ji-Paraná, the main milk-producing region of the state of Rondônia, northern Brazil. For this purpose, 621 serum samples were collected from cows and were evaluated by means of the indirect fluorescence antibody test (IFAT). The overall herd prevalence of N. caninum antibodies among the farms (38/63; 60.31%) showed that N. caninum are widespread among the dairy herds in this region, despite only infecting a small proportion of animals (66/621, 10.62%). Occurrences of abortion and birth of weak calves were the only variables that showed as risk factors for the presence of N. caninum. The result from the spatial lag model strongly indicated that birth of weak calves and presence of N. caninum are occurring on farms that are located close to each other, indicating aggregation of disease occurrence.
Asunto(s)
Crianza de Animales Domésticos , Enfermedades de los Bovinos/epidemiología , Enfermedades de los Bovinos/parasitología , Coccidiosis/veterinaria , Neospora , Animales , Anticuerpos Antiprotozoarios/sangre , Brasil/epidemiología , Bovinos , Enfermedades de los Bovinos/sangre , Coccidiosis/epidemiología , Industria Lechera , Familia , Neospora/inmunología , Prevalencia , Factores de Riesgo , Estudios SeroepidemiológicosRESUMEN
Neosporosis is considered a major cause of abortion among cattle worldwide. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of anti-Neospora caninum antibodies in dairy cattle and correlate them with possible risk factors on 63 small farms (family farms) in the municipality of Ji-Paraná, the main milk-producing region of the state of Rondônia, northern Brazil. For this purpose, 621 serum samples were collected from cows and were evaluated by means of the indirect fluorescence antibody test (IFAT). The overall herd prevalence of N. caninum antibodies among the farms (38/63; 60.31%) showed that N. caninum are widespread among the dairy herds in this region, despite only infecting a small proportion of animals (66/621, 10.62%). Occurrences of abortion and birth of weak calves were the only variables that showed as risk factors for the presence of N. caninum. The result from the spatial lag model strongly indicated that birth of weak calves and presence of N. caninum are occurring on farms that are located close to each other, indicating aggregation of disease occurrence.
Neosporose é considerada uma das principais causas de aborto em rebanhos bovinos em todo o mundo. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a prevalência de anticorpos anti-Neospora caninum em bovinos de leite e correlacioná-los com possíveis fatores de risco em 63 pequenas propriedades rurais (agricultura familiar), no município de Ji-Paraná, uma das principais regiões produtoras de leite do Estado de Rondônia, norte do Brasil. Para este propósito, 621 amostras de soro foram coletadas de vacas leiteiras e avaliadas por meio da reação de imunofluorescência indireta (RIFI). A prevalência total de propriedades com animais positivos a anticorpos anti-N. caninum (38/63; 60,31%) indica que o parasito está difundido entre os rebanhos leiteiros da região, apesar de infectar uma pequena proporção de animais (66/621; 10,62%). Ocorrência de abortos e nascimento de bezerros fracos foram as únicas variáveis consideradas como fatores de risco para a ocorrência de N. caninum. O resultado do modelo de análise espacial indica que o nascimento de bezerros fracos e a presença de N. caninum estão aparecendo em fazendas localizadas próximas umas das outras, indicando a ocorrência de agregação da doença.