[Atrophy of the central nervous system in multiple sclerosis: MRI-morphometry results]. / Atrofiia tsentral'noi nervnoi sistemy pri rasseiannom skleroze: dannye MRT-morfometrii.

Nowadays the majority of multiple sclerosis (MS) research pays attention to the neurodegenerative component, using a magnetic resonance imaging voxel-based morphometry for its assessment. Cerebral atrophy occurs in the earliest stages of MS in different clinical phenotypes and progresses three times faster than in healthy individuals. WM atrophy involved almost all brain regions, but is less pronounced than GM loss. GM atrophy has distinct patterns of regional distribution in patients with different clinical phenotypes, more extensive in the progressive than in the relapsing disease phenotypes. Deep GM atrophy is demonstrated to correlate with WM lesion as well as cortical atrophy. GM atrophy shows significant correlations with T2 lesion volume, cognitive function and measures of physical disability. In addition to cerebral loss, MS patients frequently develop spinal cord atrophy, which also correlates with clinical impairment. However, the order of GM and WM involvement still remains unclear. And further research of atrophy MRI-predictors is needed in order to monitor clinical course of MS.

[Diffusion-tensor magnetic resonance tomography and tractography in multiple sclerosis: a review].

Multiple sclerosis is the most common chronic progressive inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system characterized by different clinical phenotypes, degrees of central nervous system damage and disease progression. Conventional magnetic resonance imaging has become a useful tool for diagnosis, differential diagnosis and monitoring disease progression. Recent innovations in magnetic resonance imaging give an opportunity to specify certain aspects of multiple sclerosis pathogenesis. This article is a review of diffusion-tensor magnetic resonance tomography and tractography usage in the brain and spinal cord of patients with different clinical phenotypes of multiple sclerosis. Main features of pathologically damaged white and grey matter observed using diffusion-tensor magnetic resonance tomography and tractography, correlations between different diffusion indices and disability are described. The problems of pathogenesis are discussed.

[Effectiveness of cerebrolysin in hypertensive supratentorial intracranial hemorrhages: results of a randomized triple blind placebo-controled study].

Cerebrolysin was administered to 38 patients with small hypertensive supratentorial intracranial hemorrhages. Cerebrolysin was used intravenous in drops in dosage of 30 ml during 14 days. High effectiveness and good tolerability of the treatment was shown. In the end of treatment, groups receiving cerebrolysin or placebo were statistically significant differed by the total NIHSS score, Bartel index and the Rankin's modified scale. Moreover, a trend to the decrease of intracranial hemorrhage volume was observed in patients treated with cerebrolysin.