Osteosarcoma in patients younger than 12 years old without metastases have similar prognosis as adolescent and young adults.

BACKGROUND: Childhood cancer is relatively rare and tends to present specific age distribution, as a prognostic factor for some of these diseases. Information on how young age affects prognosis, response to chemotherapy, and local control options in children versus AYA with osteosarcoma (OST) is minimal. METHODS: In order to identify the main differences in clinical pathologic features, surgical approaches and survival rates of primary high grade OST of the extremity between children (n = 156; <12 years old) and AYA (n = 397; 12-30 years old), the institutional database with 553 patients treated by BOTG studies over 15 years were reviewed. RESULTS: There were no differences in metastases at diagnosis, tumor size, and grade of necrosis between the two age groups. The rate of amputation was 30% higher in the children group (P = 0.018). The rate of limb salvage surgery using reconstruction with allograft or autograft was 70% higher in the children group (P = 0.018) while endoprosthesis rate was 40% higher in the AYA group (P = 0.018). The log rank test revealed that survival is similar between the two age groups for non-metastatic patients (P = 0.424 for OS and P = 0.393 for EFS). Metastatic patients of both ages group had higher risk of dying compared to non-metastatic (HR 3.283 95% CI 2.581-4.177; P < 0.001). Children with metastases at diagnosis had less OS time (P = 0.049) and EFS time (P = 0.032) than adolescents. CONCLUSION: Non-metastatic OST in preadolescent patients does not appear to be significantly different from those seen in AYA patients, but has local control challenges. Children presenting with metastases should be considered an ultra-high-risk group.

Fifteen Years' Experience of the Brazilian Osteosarcoma Treatment Group (BOTG): A Contribution from an Emerging Country.

PURPOSE: Little information is available regarding the tumor features, prognostic factors, and treatment results in children and adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with osteosarcoma diagnosed in developing countries. We reviewed the results of three observational cohorts of osteosarcoma patients treated in an emerging country. METHODS: A total of 604 patients below the age of 30 years with high-grade osteosarcoma were prospectively enrolled in the Brazilian Osteosarcoma Treatment Group (BOTG) studies III, IV, and V. Gender, age, time from onset of symptoms to diagnosis, primary tumor site, presence or absence of metastases at diagnosis, tumor size, type of surgery (limb-sparing or amputation), treatment protocol, and histological response were correlated with survival. RESULTS: The estimated 5-year overall survival and event-free survival (EFS) rates for the 553 eligible patients were 49% and 39% respectively; of the 390 non-metastatic patients included in the total, overall- and event-free survival were 59% and 48% respectively. Metastases at diagnosis, primary tumor site, type of surgery, and histological response were significant predictors of overall survival and EFS in univariate and multivariate analysis, whereas tumor size and treatment protocol lost prognostic significance in multivariate analysis. CONCLUSION: We report on the outcome of three consecutive studies for the treatment of osteosarcoma carried out in Brazil over 15 years. Although the survival rates presented are below those reported in current literature, it represents the result of a favorable experience gathered from the national collaborative work.

Resultados do tratamento de osteossarcoma no Hospital do Câncer de Pernambuco / Results on the treatment de osteosarcoma at the \"Hospital do Câncer\" in Pernambuco-brasil

Os autores apresentam os resultados do tratamento de osteossarcoma em 51 pacientes no Hospital do Câncer de Pernambuco (HCPE), no intervalo de 5 anos. A análise, parte de protocolo para acompanhamento de pacientes com osteossarcoma, consistiu da localizaçÝo do tumor, número de ciclos de quimioterapia pré e pós-operátorio e tratamento cirúrgico. Houve prevalência de sexo masculino com 29 casos (56,9por cento), e a idade média de 12,8 anos. No sexo feminino foi de 14,1 anos. O tumor localizou-se mais frequentemente no fêmur em 28 casos (54,9por cento), dos quais 21 (75por cento) comprometiam a metáfise distal, seguido da tíbia 17 casos (33,3por cento) entre os quais 10 (58,8por cento) se localizavam na metáfise proximal. O úmero, com 5 casos em metáfise proximal representou 9,8por cento dos casos de rádio distal com 1 paciente significou 2,0por cento. Em relaçÝo ao tratamento quimioterápico houve uma média de 4,8 ciclos pré-operatórios e de 4,7 ciclos pós-operatórios. O tratamento cirúrgico mais frequente foi a amputaçÝo com 29 casos (56,9por cento), a cirurgia com preservaçÝo de membro foi realizada em 14 pacientes (27,4por cento)e a preservaçÝo seguida de amputaçÝo, por causa de recidiva local, foi necessária em 5 pacientes (9,8por cento). No intervalo estudado 12 pacientes foram a óbito pela doença (23,5por cento), permaneceram vivos com doença 19 pacientes (37,2por cento) e 20 pacientes (39,2por cento) continuaram vivos sem doença