The relationship between optic disc-foveal distance with choroidal and retinal nerve fiber thickness.

BACKGROUND: The optic disc-foveal distance is very important as it is an anatomical measure of the fundus. As this distance increases and the fundus tension, there may be variability in retinal and choroidal thickness. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between optic disc-foveal distance and choroidal and retinal nerve fiber thickness in healthy subjects. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 72 people between the ages of 20-36 participated in the study. Optic disc-foveal distance was measured with a fundus camera and choroidal and retinal nerve fiber thicknesses were measured with an OCT (Optical coherence tomography) device. Littmann's formula (t = p × q × s) as modified by Bennett was applied to correct the magnification at the fundus camera imaging stage. RESULTS: The thickness of the nasal choroid (p=0.005; p=0.006), subfoveal choroid (p=0.004; p < 0.001) and temporal choroid (p=0.001; p=0.001) layers decreased as the DFD (Optic disc-to-foveal distance) increased in both right and left eyes of the individuals participating in the study, which was statistically significant. In addition, it was observed that the RNLF (Retinal nerve fiber layer) increased as the DFD distance increased, but this was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that the optic disc-foveal distance, an anatomical measure of the fundus, does not affect RNLF in young and healthy subjects, but choroidal thickness does.

The relationship between sphenoidal sinus and sella turcica morphometry in the Turkish population: a retrospective study.

PURPOSE: The anatomical position of the sphenoidal sinus (SS) is very important for neurosurgeons because of the transsphenoidal approach to the pituitary gland. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the volume and shape of the SS and its relationship with the morphometry of the sella turcica. METHODS: This study included CT images of 282 males and 258 females with a mean age of 50.52 years (range 18-75) who underwent head CT. The morphometric values of the sella turcica and the volume of the SS were measured on the included radiologic images. Measurements were made on the sagittal slice closest to the midline in T1 sequence. Morphometric measurements were made with Micro Dicom Viewers software program and volume measurements were made with ITK SNAP software program. RESULTS: In this study, 4 types of SS shapes were obtained in the whole population: amorphous, pentagonal, triangular and quadrilateral. The mean SS volume was 7055.88 mm3 in males and 5694.48 mm3 in females and a statistically significant difference was observed (p < 0.001). In addition, a statistically significant difference was found between the sexes in the width and surface area parameters of the sella turcica (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: In this study, the morphometric relationship between the shape of the sinus sphenoidale and sella turcica was demonstrated between men and women. In particular, the shape of the sinus sphenoidale was found to be anthropometrically different between men and women in the Turkish population. It is hypothesised that the data obtained in our study will guide surgeons performing transsphenoidal approach.

Comparison of stiffness, elasticity and resilience values of ACL with autografts used instead of ACL in terms of texture analysis.

Background: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) ruptures are one of the most extensively studied injuries in the field of orthopedics, but despite the extensive research, graft selection for ACL reconstruction remains a matter of debate. The present study aims to evaluate the stiffness and elasticity of native ACLs using texture profile analysis and compare results with those of autografts used in ACL reconstruction. Methods: Included in the study were dissected 12 cadavers from which grafts were recovered. The graft characteristics, such as stiffness, elasticity and resilience, were measured using a TA.XT Plus Texture Analyzer. Findings: Among the grafts studied, Achilles' tendon graft (0.70; 0.64) had the highest resilience in both males and females, while the greatest elasticity was identified in the patellar tendon graft (Male: 93 %; Female: 94 %) in all subjects. The highest stiffness value in males was recorded for the quadriceps tendon graft (2928.76 N), while the highest stiffness value in females was recorded for Achilles' tendon graft (2204.61 N). Interpretation: According to the study data, the autografts that may be considered as an alternative to ACL were, listed in order of strength from high to low, the quadriceps, Achilles', patella and hamstring tendons in men, and the Achilles', quadriceps, patellar and hamstring tendons in women. It is worthy of note that the hamstring tendon graft, which is the most frequently preferred autograft in ACL reconstruction, was found to be the lowest in all parameters in both groups.